Conspiracy Theories - Official Thread!
- Thread starter theoriginalgreatone
- Start date
Any new recommendations?
This edge of wonder has been pretty interesting in recent time... Only issue is that they are definitely republican pushing, even though most of their guests are anti - government
This edge of wonder has been pretty interesting in recent time... Only issue is that they are definitely republican pushing, even though most of their guests are anti - government
Executive Action
1973
9/10
This is a classic conspiracy movie that a lot of folks have not heard of.
It's based on the JFK assassination.
The movie uses confirmed facts from events prior, during and after the assassination. The film uses actual file footage and it uses footage that you will not see in the JFK documentaries that are out there now. I did some looking up on it and this flick had endured some censorship to it prior and during its release because it was so controversial.
The movie is played out well and flows nicely.
And for you conspiracy theorists, the film has a scene that kind of relates to events that have been going around in world affairs over the past 20 years and today. It sort of gives foresight on current conspiracy theories. So all this conspiracy stuff you reading today ain't new, its been circulating around since the 1960s and 1970s.
If you love conspiracy movies, this is a must see.
I recorded it recently on TCM, you should be able to view it on the website or app.
Synopsis
In 1963, with President John F. Kennedy growing more liberal and humanitarian in his policies, a shadowy cabal of Texas oil magnates, hardline conservatives, intelligence agents and rogue operatives meet to discuss possible action. The swaggering Foster (Robert Ryan) wants JFK dead, but the mysterious and powerful Ferguson (Will Geer) rebuffs the idea. Still, Farrington (Burt Lancaster) carries out a military training operation in preparation for an assassination while he waits for a decision.
Depopulation
1973
9/10
This is a classic conspiracy movie that a lot of folks have not heard of.
It's based on the JFK assassination.
The movie uses confirmed facts from events prior, during and after the assassination. The film uses actual file footage and it uses footage that you will not see in the JFK documentaries that are out there now. I did some looking up on it and this flick had endured some censorship to it prior and during its release because it was so controversial.
The movie is played out well and flows nicely.
And for you conspiracy theorists, the film has a scene that kind of relates to events that have been going around in world affairs over the past 20 years and today. It sort of gives foresight on current conspiracy theories. So all this conspiracy stuff you reading today ain't new, its been circulating around since the 1960s and 1970s.
If you love conspiracy movies, this is a must see.
I recorded it recently on TCM, you should be able to view it on the website or app.
Synopsis
In 1963, with President John F. Kennedy growing more liberal and humanitarian in his policies, a shadowy cabal of Texas oil magnates, hardline conservatives, intelligence agents and rogue operatives meet to discuss possible action. The swaggering Foster (Robert Ryan) wants JFK dead, but the mysterious and powerful Ferguson (Will Geer) rebuffs the idea. Still, Farrington (Burt Lancaster) carries out a military training operation in preparation for an assassination while he waits for a decision.
Depopulation
Ike and the Alien Ambassadors
By Peter Carlson February 19, 2004
Fifty years ago tomorrow -- on Feb. 20, 1954 -- President Dwight Eisenhower interrupted his vacation in Palm Springs, Calif., to make a secret nocturnal trip to a nearby Air Force base to meet two extraterrestrial aliens.
Or maybe not. Maybe Ike just went to the dentist. There's some dispute about this.
The Ike-met-with-ETs theory is advanced by Michael Salla, a former American University professor who now runs the Peace Ambassador Program at AU's Center for Global Peace.
The Ike-went-to-the-dentist theory is advanced by the folks at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library in Abilene, Kan. And by James M. Mixson, a dentist, professor of dentistry and historian of presidential dental work.
Just to make things more intriguing: On the night in question, the Associated Press reported this: "Pres. Eisenhower died tonight of a heart attack in Palm Springs."
Two minutes later, the AP retracted that bulletin and reported that Ike was still alive.
Indeed, Ike was alive. And he continued living until 1969. But in the decades since his death, his activities on the night of Feb. 20, 1954, have become fodder for strange theories about alien beings.
Some facts are beyond dispute: Eisenhower was on a golf vacation in Palm Springs on Feb. 20, 1954. After dinner that night, he made an unscheduled departure from the Smoking Tree Ranch, where he was staying. The next morning, he attended a church service in Los Angeles. Also that morning, his spokesman announced to the press that Ike had visited a dentist the previous night because he'd chipped a tooth while eating a chicken wing at dinner.
Salla, who has a PhD in government from the University of Queensland in his native Australia, doesn't believe it. He figures the dentist trip is just a cover story. He believes Ike went to Edwards Air Force Base, where he met with two ETs with white hair, pale blue eyes and colorless lips.
These aliens -- nicknamed "Nordics" in UFO circles because they resemble Scandinavian humans -- traveled to Edwards from another solar system in a flying saucer and, Salla says, they spoke to Eisenhower.
"There was telepathic communication," says Salla, 45, as he sits in his suburban Falls Church living room. "It's as though you're hearing a person but they're not speaking."
The "Nordics" offered to share their superior technology and their spiritual wisdom with Ike if he would agree to eliminate America's nuclear weapons.
"They were afraid we might blow up some of our nuclear technology," Salla says, "and apparently that does something to time and space and it impacts on extraterrestrial races on other planets."
Ike declined the ETs' offer, Salla says, because he did not want to give up the nukes.
Sometime later in 1954, Ike reached a deal with another race of extraterrestrials, known as the "Greys" -- allowing them to capture earthling cattle and humans for medical experiments, provided that they returned the humans safely home. Since then, Salla says, the "Greys" have kidnapped "millions" of humans.
Salla, author of "The Hero's Journey Toward a Second American Century," published his ET theories in his new book, "Exopolitics: Political Implications of the Extraterrestrial Presence" and in an article on his "Exopolitics" Web site (www.exopolitics.org).
For much of the '90s, Salla studied conflict resolution and tried unsuccessfully to apply that knowledge to prevent war in East Timor and the Balkans, he says. Frustrated, he began looking for an extraterrestrial connection to human misery and, he says, he found evidence of ET visitations -- including the Ike encounter -- on the Internet.
"There's a lot of stuff on the Internet," he says, "and I just went around and pieced it together."
Click Above Link For Full Story
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
By Peter Carlson February 19, 2004
Fifty years ago tomorrow -- on Feb. 20, 1954 -- President Dwight Eisenhower interrupted his vacation in Palm Springs, Calif., to make a secret nocturnal trip to a nearby Air Force base to meet two extraterrestrial aliens.
Or maybe not. Maybe Ike just went to the dentist. There's some dispute about this.
The Ike-met-with-ETs theory is advanced by Michael Salla, a former American University professor who now runs the Peace Ambassador Program at AU's Center for Global Peace.
The Ike-went-to-the-dentist theory is advanced by the folks at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library in Abilene, Kan. And by James M. Mixson, a dentist, professor of dentistry and historian of presidential dental work.
Just to make things more intriguing: On the night in question, the Associated Press reported this: "Pres. Eisenhower died tonight of a heart attack in Palm Springs."
Two minutes later, the AP retracted that bulletin and reported that Ike was still alive.
Indeed, Ike was alive. And he continued living until 1969. But in the decades since his death, his activities on the night of Feb. 20, 1954, have become fodder for strange theories about alien beings.
Some facts are beyond dispute: Eisenhower was on a golf vacation in Palm Springs on Feb. 20, 1954. After dinner that night, he made an unscheduled departure from the Smoking Tree Ranch, where he was staying. The next morning, he attended a church service in Los Angeles. Also that morning, his spokesman announced to the press that Ike had visited a dentist the previous night because he'd chipped a tooth while eating a chicken wing at dinner.
Salla, who has a PhD in government from the University of Queensland in his native Australia, doesn't believe it. He figures the dentist trip is just a cover story. He believes Ike went to Edwards Air Force Base, where he met with two ETs with white hair, pale blue eyes and colorless lips.
These aliens -- nicknamed "Nordics" in UFO circles because they resemble Scandinavian humans -- traveled to Edwards from another solar system in a flying saucer and, Salla says, they spoke to Eisenhower.
"There was telepathic communication," says Salla, 45, as he sits in his suburban Falls Church living room. "It's as though you're hearing a person but they're not speaking."
The "Nordics" offered to share their superior technology and their spiritual wisdom with Ike if he would agree to eliminate America's nuclear weapons.
"They were afraid we might blow up some of our nuclear technology," Salla says, "and apparently that does something to time and space and it impacts on extraterrestrial races on other planets."
Ike declined the ETs' offer, Salla says, because he did not want to give up the nukes.
Sometime later in 1954, Ike reached a deal with another race of extraterrestrials, known as the "Greys" -- allowing them to capture earthling cattle and humans for medical experiments, provided that they returned the humans safely home. Since then, Salla says, the "Greys" have kidnapped "millions" of humans.
Salla, author of "The Hero's Journey Toward a Second American Century," published his ET theories in his new book, "Exopolitics: Political Implications of the Extraterrestrial Presence" and in an article on his "Exopolitics" Web site (www.exopolitics.org).
For much of the '90s, Salla studied conflict resolution and tried unsuccessfully to apply that knowledge to prevent war in East Timor and the Balkans, he says. Frustrated, he began looking for an extraterrestrial connection to human misery and, he says, he found evidence of ET visitations -- including the Ike encounter -- on the Internet.
"There's a lot of stuff on the Internet," he says, "and I just went around and pieced it together."
Click Above Link For Full Story
Navy pilots describe encounters with UFOs
2022
Bill Whitaker reports on the regular sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAP, that have spurred a report due to Congress.
2022
Bill Whitaker reports on the regular sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAP, that have spurred a report due to Congress.
President Bush
President Obama
President Trump
President Biden
President Obama
President Trump
President Biden
How Conspiracy Theories Target Black People
Conspiracy theories have gained national attention recently but for many in the Black community this is not a new topic. What makes Black conspiracy theories complex is how they’re inherently impossible to completely discount: There is a history of medical and systemic racism against Black Americans. Do Your Research speaks with Jessica Ann Mitchell Aiwuyor, founder of the National Black Cultural Information Trust about the role cultural identity plays into interpreting conspiracy theories within the African American community.
Conspiracy theories have gained national attention recently but for many in the Black community this is not a new topic. What makes Black conspiracy theories complex is how they’re inherently impossible to completely discount: There is a history of medical and systemic racism against Black Americans. Do Your Research speaks with Jessica Ann Mitchell Aiwuyor, founder of the National Black Cultural Information Trust about the role cultural identity plays into interpreting conspiracy theories within the African American community.
I bet 99% of you cats are clueless that President Obama signed this Executive Order back in 2012.
Trump never revoked it and Biden has done nothing.
If you know more about the Gay Agenda of converting Black men into homosexuals than this.....then you are truly misinformed and clueless.
Executive Order -- National Defense Resources Preparedness
March 16, 2012
obamawhitehouse.archives.gov
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NATIONAL DEFENSE RESOURCES PREPAREDNESS
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2061 et seq.), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:
PART I - PURPOSE, POLICY, AND IMPLEMENTATION
Section 101. Purpose. This order delegates authorities and addresses national defense resource policies and programs under the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (the "Act").
Sec. 102. Policy. The United States must have an industrial and technological base capable of meeting national defense requirements and capable of contributing to the technological superiority of its national defense equipment in peacetime and in times of national emergency. The domestic industrial and technological base is the foundation for national defense preparedness. The authorities provided in the Act shall be used to strengthen this base and to ensure it is capable of responding to the national defense needs of the United States.
Sec. 103. General Functions. Executive departments and agencies (agencies) responsible for plans and programs relating to national defense (as defined in section 801(j) of this order), or for resources and services needed to support such plans and programs, shall:
(a) identify requirements for the full spectrum of emergencies, including essential military and civilian demand;
(b) assess on an ongoing basis the capability of the domestic industrial and technological base to satisfy requirements in peacetime and times of national emergency, specifically evaluating the availability of the most critical resource and production sources, including subcontractors and suppliers, materials, skilled labor, and professional and technical personnel;
(c) be prepared, in the event of a potential threat to the security of the United States, to take actions necessary to ensure the availability of adequate resources and production capability, including services and critical technology, for national defense requirements;
(d) improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the domestic industrial base to support national defense requirements; and
(e) foster cooperation between the defense and commercial sectors for research and development and for acquisition of materials, services, components, and equipment to enhance industrial base efficiency and responsiveness.
Sec. 104. Implementation. (a) The National Security Council and Homeland Security Council, in conjunction with the National Economic Council, shall serve as the integrated policymaking forum for consideration and formulation of national defense resource preparedness policy and shall make recommendations to the President on the use of authorities under the Act.
(b) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall:
(1) advise the President on issues of national defense resource preparedness and on the use of the authorities and functions delegated by this order;
(2) provide for the central coordination of the plans and programs incident to authorities and functions delegated under this order, and provide guidance to agencies assigned functions under this order, developed in consultation with such agencies; and
(3) report to the President periodically concerning all program activities conducted pursuant to this order.
(c) The Defense Production Act Committee, described in section 701 of this order, shall:
(1) in a manner consistent with section 2(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2062(b), advise the President through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism, and the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy on the effective use of the authorities under the Act; and
(2) prepare and coordinate an annual report to the Congress pursuant to section 722(d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171(d).
(d) The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and other agencies, shall:
(1) analyze potential effects of national emergencies on actual production capability, taking into account the entire production system, including shortages of resources, and develop recommended preparedness measures to strengthen capabilities for production increases in national emergencies; and
(2) perform industry analyses to assess capabilities of the industrial base to support the national defense, and develop policy recommendations to improve the international competitiveness of specific domestic industries and their abilities to meet national defense program needs.
PART II - PRIORITIES AND ALLOCATIONS
Sec. 201. Priorities and Allocations Authorities. (a) The authority of the President conferred by section 101 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071, to require acceptance and priority performance of contracts or orders (other than contracts of employment) to promote the national defense over performance of any other contracts or orders, and to allocate materials, services, and facilities as deemed necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense, is delegated to the following agency heads:
(1) the Secretary of Agriculture with respect to food resources, food resource facilities, livestock resources, veterinary resources, plant health resources, and the domestic distribution of farm equipment and commercial fertilizer;
(2) the Secretary of Energy with respect to all forms of energy;
(3) the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to health resources;
(4) the Secretary of Transportation with respect to all forms of civil transportation;
(5) the Secretary of Defense with respect to water resources; and
(6) the Secretary of Commerce with respect to all other materials, services, and facilities, including construction materials.
(b) The Secretary of each agency delegated authority under subsection (a) of this section (resource departments) shall plan for and issue regulations to prioritize and allocate resources and establish standards and procedures by which the authority shall be used to promote the national defense, under both emergency and non-emergency conditions. Each Secretary shall authorize the heads of other agencies, as appropriate, to place priority ratings on contracts and orders for materials, services, and facilities needed in support of programs approved under section 202 of this order.
(c) Each resource department shall act, as necessary and appropriate, upon requests for special priorities assistance, as defined by section 801(l) of this order, in a time frame consistent with the urgency of the need at hand. In situations where there are competing program requirements for limited resources, the resource department shall consult with the Secretary who made the required determination under section 202 of this order. Such Secretary shall coordinate with and identify for the resource department which program requirements to prioritize on the basis of operational urgency. In situations involving more than one Secretary making such a required determination under section 202 of this order, the Secretaries shall coordinate with and identify for the resource department which program requirements should receive priority on the basis of operational urgency.
(d) If agreement cannot be reached between two such Secretaries, then the issue shall be referred to the President through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism.
(e) The Secretary of each resource department, when necessary, shall make the finding required under section 101(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(b). This finding shall be submitted for the President's approval through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism. Upon such approval, the Secretary of the resource department that made the finding may use the authority of section 101(a) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(a), to control the general distribution of any material (including applicable services) in the civilian market.
Sec. 202. Determinations. Except as provided in section 201(e) of this order, the authority delegated by section 201 of this order may be used only to support programs that have been determined in writing as necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense:
(a) by the Secretary of Defense with respect to military production and construction, military assistance to foreign nations, military use of civil transportation, stockpiles managed by the Department of Defense, space, and directly related activities;
(b) by the Secretary of Energy with respect to energy production and construction, distribution and use, and directly related activities; and
(c) by the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to all other national defense programs, including civil defense and continuity of Government.
Sec. 203. Maximizing Domestic Energy Supplies. The authorities of the President under section 101(c)(1) (2) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(c)(1) (2), are delegated to the Secretary of Commerce, with the exception that the authority to make findings that materials (including equipment), services, and facilities are critical and essential, as described in section 101(c)(2)(A) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(c)(2)(A), is delegated to the Secretary of Energy.
Sec. 204. Chemical and Biological Warfare. The authority of the President conferred by section 104(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2074(b), is delegated to the Secretary of Defense. This authority may not be further delegated by the Secretary.
PART III - EXPANSION OF PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AND SUPPLY
Sec. 301. Loan Guarantees. (a) To reduce current or projected shortfalls of resources, critical technology items, or materials essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense, as defined in section 801(h) of this order, is authorized pursuant to section 301 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, to guarantee loans by private institutions.
(b) Each guaranteeing agency is designated and authorized to: (1) act as fiscal agent in the making of its own guarantee contracts and in otherwise carrying out the purposes of section 301 of the Act; and (2) contract with any Federal Reserve Bank to assist the agency in serving as fiscal agent.
(c) Terms and conditions of guarantees under this authority shall be determined in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The guaranteeing agency is authorized, following such consultation, to prescribe: (1) either specifically or by maximum limits or otherwise, rates of interest, guarantee and commitment fees, and other charges which may be made in connection with such guarantee contracts; and (2) regulations governing the forms and procedures (which shall be uniform to the extent practicable) to be utilized in connection therewith.
Sec. 302. Loans. To reduce current or projected shortfalls of resources, critical technology items, or materials essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 302 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2092, to make loans thereunder. Terms and conditions of loans under this authority shall be determined in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of OMB.
Sec. 303. Additional Authorities. (a) To create, maintain, protect, expand, or restore domestic industrial base capabilities essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, to make provision for purchases of, or commitments to purchase, an industrial resource or a critical technology item for Government use or resale, and to make provision for the development of production capabilities, and for the increased use of emerging technologies in security program applications, and to enable rapid transition of emerging technologies.
(b) Materials acquired under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, that exceed the needs of the programs under the Act may be transferred to the National Defense Stockpile, if, in the judgment of the Secretary of Defense as the National Defense Stockpile Manager, such transfers are in the public interest.
Sec. 304. Subsidy Payments. To ensure the supply of raw or nonprocessed materials from high cost sources, or to ensure maximum production or supply in any area at stable prices of any materials in light of a temporary increase in transportation cost, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(c) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(c), to make subsidy payments, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of OMB.
Sec. 305. Determinations and Findings. (a) Pursuant to budget authority provided by an appropriations act in advance for credit assistance under section 301 or 302 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, 2092, and consistent with the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, as amended (FCRA), 2 U.S.C. 661 et seq., the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority to make the determinations set forth in sections 301(a)(2) and 302(b)(2) of the Act, in consultation with the Secretary making the required determination under section 202 of this order; provided, that such determinations shall be made after due consideration of the provisions of OMB Circular A 129 and the credit subsidy score for the relevant loan or loan guarantee as approved by OMB pursuant to FCRA.
(b) Other than any determination by the President under section 303(a)(7)(b) of the Act, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority to make the required determinations, judgments, certifications, findings, and notifications defined under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, in consultation with the Secretary making the required determination under section 202 of this order.
Sec. 306. Strategic and Critical Materials. The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of the Interior in consultation with the Secretary of Defense as the National Defense Stockpile Manager, are each delegated the authority of the President under section 303(a)(1)(B) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(a)(1)(B), to encourage the exploration, development, and mining of strategic and critical materials and other materials.
Sec. 307. Substitutes. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(g) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(g), to make provision for the development of substitutes for strategic and critical materials, critical components, critical technology items, and other resources to aid the national defense.
Sec. 308. Government-Owned Equipment. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(e), to:
(a) procure and install additional equipment, facilities, processes, or improvements to plants, factories, and other industrial facilities owned by the Federal Government and to procure and install Government owned equipment in plants, factories, or other industrial facilities owned by private persons;
(b) provide for the modification or expansion of privately owned facilities, including the modification or improvement of production processes, when taking actions under sections 301, 302, or 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, 2092, 2093; and
(c) sell or otherwise transfer equipment owned by the Federal Government and installed under section 303(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(e), to the owners of such plants, factories, or other industrial facilities.
Sec. 309. Defense Production Act Fund. The Secretary of Defense is designated the Defense Production Act Fund Manager, in accordance with section 304(f) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2094(f), and shall carry out the duties specified in section 304 of the Act, in consultation with the agency heads having approved, and appropriated funds for, projects under title III of the Act.
Sec. 310. Critical Items. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 107(b)(1) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2077(b)(1), to take appropriate action to ensure that critical components, critical technology items, essential materials, and industrial resources are available from reliable sources when needed to meet defense requirements during peacetime, graduated mobilization, and national emergency. Appropriate action may include restricting contract solicitations to reliable sources, restricting contract solicitations to domestic sources (pursuant to statutory authority), stockpiling critical components, and developing substitutes for critical components or critical technology items.
Sec. 311. Strengthening Domestic Capability. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 107(a) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2077(a), to utilize the authority of title III of the Act or any other provision of law to provide appropriate incentives to develop, maintain, modernize, restore, and expand the productive capacities of domestic sources for critical components, critical technology items, materials, and industrial resources essential for the execution of the national security strategy of the United States.
Sec. 312. Modernization of Equipment. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense, in accordance with section 108(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2078(b), may utilize the authority of title III of the Act to guarantee the purchase or lease of advance manufacturing equipment, and any related services with respect to any such equipment for purposes of the Act. In considering title III projects, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense shall provide a strong preference for proposals submitted by a small business supplier or subcontractor in accordance with section 108(b)(2) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2078(b)(2).
PART IV - VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS AND ADVISORY COMMITTEES
Sec. 401. Delegations. The authority of the President under sections 708(c) and (d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(c), (d), is delegated to the heads of agencies otherwise delegated authority under this order. The status of the use of such delegations shall be furnished to the Secretary of Homeland Security.
Sec. 402. Advisory Committees. The authority of the President under section 708(d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(d), and delegated in section 401 of this order (relating to establishment of advisory committees) shall be exercised only after consultation with, and in accordance with, guidelines and procedures established by the Administrator of General Services.
Sec. 403. Regulations. The Secretary of Homeland Security, after approval of the Attorney General, and after consultation by the Attorney General with the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, shall promulgate rules pursuant to section 708(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(e), incorporating standards and procedures by which voluntary agreements and plans of action may be developed and carried out. Such rules may be adopted by other agencies to fulfill the rulemaking requirement of section 708(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(e).
PART V - EMPLOYMENT OF PERSONNEL
Sec. 501. National Defense Executive Reserve. (a) In accordance with section 710(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(e), there is established in the executive branch a National Defense Executive Reserve (NDER) composed of persons of recognized expertise from various segments of the private sector and from Government (except full time Federal employees) for training for employment in executive positions in the Federal Government in the event of a national defense emergency.
(b) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall issue necessary guidance for the NDER program, including appropriate guidance for establishment, recruitment, training, monitoring, and activation of NDER units and shall be responsible for the overall coordination of the NDER program. The authority of the President under section 710(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(e), to determine periods of national defense emergency is delegated to the Secretary of Homeland Security.
(c) The head of any agency may implement section 501(a) of this order with respect to NDER operations in such agency.
(d) The head of each agency with an NDER unit may exercise the authority under section 703 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2153, to employ civilian personnel when activating all or a part of its NDER unit. The exercise of this authority shall be subject to the provisions of sections 501(e) and (f) of this order and shall not be redelegated.
(e) The head of an agency may activate an NDER unit, in whole or in part, upon the written determination of the Secretary of Homeland Security that an emergency affecting the national defense exists and that the activation of the unit is necessary to carry out the emergency program functions of the agency.
(f) Prior to activating the NDER unit, the head of the agency shall notify, in writing, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism of the impending activation.
Sec. 502. Consultants. The head of each agency otherwise delegated functions under this order is delegated the authority of the President under sections 710(b) and (c) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(b), (c), to employ persons of outstanding experience and ability without compensation and to employ experts, consultants, or organizations. The authority delegated by this section may not be redelegated.
PART VI - LABOR REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 601. Secretary of Labor. (a) The Secretary of Labor, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other agencies, as deemed appropriate by the Secretary of Labor, shall:
(1) collect and maintain data necessary to make a continuing appraisal of the Nation's workforce needs for purposes of national defense;
(2) upon request by the Director of Selective Service, and in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, assist the Director of Selective Service in development of policies regulating the induction and deferment of persons for duty in the armed services;
(3) upon request from the head of an agency with authority under this order, consult with that agency with respect to: (i) the effect of contemplated actions on labor demand and utilization; (ii) the relation of labor demand to materials and facilities requirements; and (iii) such other matters as will assist in making the exercise of priority and allocations functions consistent with effective utilization and distribution of labor;
(4) upon request from the head of an agency with authority under this order: (i) formulate plans, programs, and policies for meeting the labor requirements of actions to be taken for national defense purposes; and (ii) estimate training needs to help address national defense requirements and promote necessary and appropriate training programs; and
(5) develop and implement an effective labor management relations policy to support the activities and programs under this order, with the cooperation of other agencies as deemed appropriate by the Secretary of Labor, including the National Labor Relations Board, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the National Mediation Board, and the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.
(b) All agencies shall cooperate with the Secretary of Labor, upon request, for the purposes of this section, to the extent permitted by law.
PART VII - DEFENSE PRODUCTION ACT COMMITTEE
Sec. 701. The Defense Production Act Committee. (a) The Defense Production Act Committee (Committee) shall be composed of the following members, in accordance with section 722(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171(b):
(1) The Secretary of State;
(2) The Secretary of the Treasury;
(3) The Secretary of Defense;
(4) The Attorney General;
(5) The Secretary of the Interior;
(6) The Secretary of Agriculture;
(7) The Secretary of Commerce;
(8) The Secretary of Labor;
(9) The Secretary of Health and Human Services;
(10) The Secretary of Transportation;
(11) The Secretary of Energy;
(12) The Secretary of Homeland Security;
(13) The Director of National Intelligence;
(14) The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency;
(15) The Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers;
(16) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and
(17) The Administrator of General Services.
(b) The Director of OMB and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall be invited to participate in all Committee meetings and activities in an advisory role. The Chairperson, as designated by the President pursuant to section 722 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171, may invite the heads of other agencies or offices to participate in Committee meetings and activities in an advisory role, as appropriate.
Sec. 702. Offsets. The Secretary of Commerce shall prepare and submit to the Congress the annual report required by section 723 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2172, in consultation with the Secretaries of State, the Treasury, Defense, and Labor, the United States Trade Representative, the Director of National Intelligence, and the heads of other agencies as appropriate. The heads of agencies shall provide the Secretary of Commerce with such information as may be necessary for the effective performance of this function.
PART VIII - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 801. Definitions. In addition to the definitions in section 702 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2152, the following definitions apply throughout this order:
(a) "Civil transportation" includes movement of persons and property by all modes of transportation in interstate, intrastate, or foreign commerce within the United States, its territories and possessions, and the District of Columbia, and related public storage and warehousing, ports, services, equipment and facilities, such as transportation carrier shop and repair facilities. "Civil transportation" also shall include direction, control, and coordination of civil transportation capacity regardless of ownership. "Civil transportation" shall not include transportation owned or controlled by the Department of Defense, use of petroleum and gas pipelines, and coal slurry pipelines used only to supply energy production facilities directly.
(b) "Energy" means all forms of energy including petroleum, gas (both natural and manufactured), electricity, solid fuels (including all forms of coal, coke, coal chemicals, coal liquification, and coal gasification), solar, wind, other types of renewable energy, atomic energy, and the production, conservation, use, control, and distribution (including pipelines) of all of these forms of energy.
(c) "Farm equipment" means equipment, machinery, and repair parts manufactured for use on farms in connection with the production or preparation for market use of food resources.
(d) "Fertilizer" means any product or combination of products that contain one or more of the elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for use as a plant nutrient.
(e) "Food resources" means all commodities and products, (simple, mixed, or compound), or complements to such commodities or products, that are capable of being ingested by either human beings or animals, irrespective of other uses to which such commodities or products may be put, at all stages of processing from the raw commodity to the products thereof in vendible form for human or animal consumption. "Food resources" also means potable water packaged in commercially marketable containers, all starches, sugars, vegetable and animal or marine fats and oils, seed, cotton, hemp, and flax fiber, but does not mean any such material after it loses its identity as an agricultural commodity or agricultural product.
(f) "Food resource facilities" means plants, machinery, vehicles (including on farm), and other facilities required for the production, processing, distribution, and storage (including cold storage) of food resources, and for the domestic distribution of farm equipment and fertilizer (excluding transportation thereof).
(g) "Functions" include powers, duties, authority, responsibilities, and discretion.
(h) "Head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense" means the heads of the Departments of State, Justice, the Interior, and Homeland Security, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the General Services Administration, and all other agencies with authority delegated under section 201 of this order.
(i) "Health resources" means drugs, biological products, medical devices, materials, facilities, health supplies, services and equipment required to diagnose, mitigate or prevent the impairment of, improve, treat, cure, or restore the physical or mental health conditions of the population.
(j) "National defense" means programs for military and energy production or construction, military or critical infrastructure assistance to any foreign nation, homeland security, stockpiling, space, and any directly related activity. Such term includes emergency preparedness activities conducted pursuant to title VI of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. 5195 et seq., and critical infrastructure protection and restoration.
(k) "Offsets" means compensation practices required as a condition of purchase in either government to government or commercial sales of defense articles and/or defense services as defined by the Arms Export Control Act, 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq., and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, 22 C.F.R. 120.1 130.17.
(l) "Special priorities assistance" means action by resource departments to assist with expediting deliveries, placing rated orders, locating suppliers, resolving production or delivery conflicts between various rated orders, addressing problems that arise in the fulfillment of a rated order or other action authorized by a delegated agency, and determining the validity of rated orders.
(m) "Strategic and critical materials" means materials (including energy) that (1) would be needed to supply the military, industrial, and essential civilian needs of the United States during a national emergency, and (2) are not found or produced in the United States in sufficient quantities to meet such need and are vulnerable to the termination or reduction of the availability of the material.
(n) "Water resources" means all usable water, from all sources, within the jurisdiction of the United States, that can be managed, controlled, and allocated to meet emergency requirements, except "water resources" does not include usable water that qualifies as "food resources."
Sec. 802. General. (a) Except as otherwise provided in section 802(c) of this order, the authorities vested in the President by title VII of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2151 et seq., are delegated to the head of each agency in carrying out the delegated authorities under the Act and this order, by the Secretary of Labor in carrying out part VI of this order, and by the Secretary of the Treasury in exercising the functions assigned in Executive Order 11858, as amended.
(b) The authorities that may be exercised and performed pursuant to section 802(a) of this order shall include:
(1) the power to redelegate authorities, and to authorize the successive redelegation of authorities to agencies, officers, and employees of the Government; and
(2) the power of subpoena under section 705 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2155, with respect to (i) authorities delegated in parts II, III, and section 702 of this order, and (ii) the functions assigned to the Secretary of the Treasury in Executive Order 11858, as amended, provided that the subpoena power referenced in subsections (i) and (ii) shall be utilized only after the scope and purpose of the investigation, inspection, or inquiry to which the subpoena relates have been defined either by the appropriate officer identified in section 802(a) of this order or by such other person or persons as the officer shall designate.
(c) Excluded from the authorities delegated by section 802(a) of this order are authorities delegated by parts IV and V of this order, authorities in section 721 and 722 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2170 2171, and the authority with respect to fixing compensation under section 703 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2153.
Sec. 803. Authority. (a) Executive Order 12919 of June 3, 1994, and sections 401(3) (4) of Executive Order 12656 of November 18, 1988, are revoked. All other previously issued orders, regulations, rulings, certificates, directives, and other actions relating to any function affected by this order shall remain in effect except as they are inconsistent with this order or are subsequently amended or revoked under proper authority. Nothing in this order shall affect the validity or force of anything done under previous delegations or other assignment of authority under the Act.
(b) Nothing in this order shall affect the authorities assigned under Executive Order 11858 of May 7, 1975, as amended, except as provided in section 802 of this order.
(c) Nothing in this order shall affect the authorities assigned under Executive Order 12472 of April 3, 1984, as amended.
Sec. 804. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect functions of the Director of OMB relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
BARACK OBAMA
THE WHITE HOUSE,
March 16, 2012.
Long Story Short...
3
Trump never revoked it and Biden has done nothing.
If you know more about the Gay Agenda of converting Black men into homosexuals than this.....then you are truly misinformed and clueless.
Executive Order -- National Defense Resources Preparedness
March 16, 2012
Executive Order -- National Defense Resources Preparedness
EXECUTIVE ORDER NATIONAL DEFENSE RESOURCES PREPAREDNESS
obamawhitehouse.archives.gov
EXECUTIVE ORDER
NATIONAL DEFENSE RESOURCES PREPAREDNESS
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2061 et seq.), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:
PART I - PURPOSE, POLICY, AND IMPLEMENTATION
Section 101. Purpose. This order delegates authorities and addresses national defense resource policies and programs under the Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (the "Act").
Sec. 102. Policy. The United States must have an industrial and technological base capable of meeting national defense requirements and capable of contributing to the technological superiority of its national defense equipment in peacetime and in times of national emergency. The domestic industrial and technological base is the foundation for national defense preparedness. The authorities provided in the Act shall be used to strengthen this base and to ensure it is capable of responding to the national defense needs of the United States.
Sec. 103. General Functions. Executive departments and agencies (agencies) responsible for plans and programs relating to national defense (as defined in section 801(j) of this order), or for resources and services needed to support such plans and programs, shall:
(a) identify requirements for the full spectrum of emergencies, including essential military and civilian demand;
(b) assess on an ongoing basis the capability of the domestic industrial and technological base to satisfy requirements in peacetime and times of national emergency, specifically evaluating the availability of the most critical resource and production sources, including subcontractors and suppliers, materials, skilled labor, and professional and technical personnel;
(c) be prepared, in the event of a potential threat to the security of the United States, to take actions necessary to ensure the availability of adequate resources and production capability, including services and critical technology, for national defense requirements;
(d) improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the domestic industrial base to support national defense requirements; and
(e) foster cooperation between the defense and commercial sectors for research and development and for acquisition of materials, services, components, and equipment to enhance industrial base efficiency and responsiveness.
Sec. 104. Implementation. (a) The National Security Council and Homeland Security Council, in conjunction with the National Economic Council, shall serve as the integrated policymaking forum for consideration and formulation of national defense resource preparedness policy and shall make recommendations to the President on the use of authorities under the Act.
(b) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall:
(1) advise the President on issues of national defense resource preparedness and on the use of the authorities and functions delegated by this order;
(2) provide for the central coordination of the plans and programs incident to authorities and functions delegated under this order, and provide guidance to agencies assigned functions under this order, developed in consultation with such agencies; and
(3) report to the President periodically concerning all program activities conducted pursuant to this order.
(c) The Defense Production Act Committee, described in section 701 of this order, shall:
(1) in a manner consistent with section 2(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2062(b), advise the President through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism, and the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy on the effective use of the authorities under the Act; and
(2) prepare and coordinate an annual report to the Congress pursuant to section 722(d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171(d).
(d) The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and other agencies, shall:
(1) analyze potential effects of national emergencies on actual production capability, taking into account the entire production system, including shortages of resources, and develop recommended preparedness measures to strengthen capabilities for production increases in national emergencies; and
(2) perform industry analyses to assess capabilities of the industrial base to support the national defense, and develop policy recommendations to improve the international competitiveness of specific domestic industries and their abilities to meet national defense program needs.
PART II - PRIORITIES AND ALLOCATIONS
Sec. 201. Priorities and Allocations Authorities. (a) The authority of the President conferred by section 101 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071, to require acceptance and priority performance of contracts or orders (other than contracts of employment) to promote the national defense over performance of any other contracts or orders, and to allocate materials, services, and facilities as deemed necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense, is delegated to the following agency heads:
(1) the Secretary of Agriculture with respect to food resources, food resource facilities, livestock resources, veterinary resources, plant health resources, and the domestic distribution of farm equipment and commercial fertilizer;
(2) the Secretary of Energy with respect to all forms of energy;
(3) the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to health resources;
(4) the Secretary of Transportation with respect to all forms of civil transportation;
(5) the Secretary of Defense with respect to water resources; and
(6) the Secretary of Commerce with respect to all other materials, services, and facilities, including construction materials.
(b) The Secretary of each agency delegated authority under subsection (a) of this section (resource departments) shall plan for and issue regulations to prioritize and allocate resources and establish standards and procedures by which the authority shall be used to promote the national defense, under both emergency and non-emergency conditions. Each Secretary shall authorize the heads of other agencies, as appropriate, to place priority ratings on contracts and orders for materials, services, and facilities needed in support of programs approved under section 202 of this order.
(c) Each resource department shall act, as necessary and appropriate, upon requests for special priorities assistance, as defined by section 801(l) of this order, in a time frame consistent with the urgency of the need at hand. In situations where there are competing program requirements for limited resources, the resource department shall consult with the Secretary who made the required determination under section 202 of this order. Such Secretary shall coordinate with and identify for the resource department which program requirements to prioritize on the basis of operational urgency. In situations involving more than one Secretary making such a required determination under section 202 of this order, the Secretaries shall coordinate with and identify for the resource department which program requirements should receive priority on the basis of operational urgency.
(d) If agreement cannot be reached between two such Secretaries, then the issue shall be referred to the President through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism.
(e) The Secretary of each resource department, when necessary, shall make the finding required under section 101(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(b). This finding shall be submitted for the President's approval through the Assistant to the President and National Security Advisor and the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism. Upon such approval, the Secretary of the resource department that made the finding may use the authority of section 101(a) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(a), to control the general distribution of any material (including applicable services) in the civilian market.
Sec. 202. Determinations. Except as provided in section 201(e) of this order, the authority delegated by section 201 of this order may be used only to support programs that have been determined in writing as necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense:
(a) by the Secretary of Defense with respect to military production and construction, military assistance to foreign nations, military use of civil transportation, stockpiles managed by the Department of Defense, space, and directly related activities;
(b) by the Secretary of Energy with respect to energy production and construction, distribution and use, and directly related activities; and
(c) by the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to all other national defense programs, including civil defense and continuity of Government.
Sec. 203. Maximizing Domestic Energy Supplies. The authorities of the President under section 101(c)(1) (2) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(c)(1) (2), are delegated to the Secretary of Commerce, with the exception that the authority to make findings that materials (including equipment), services, and facilities are critical and essential, as described in section 101(c)(2)(A) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2071(c)(2)(A), is delegated to the Secretary of Energy.
Sec. 204. Chemical and Biological Warfare. The authority of the President conferred by section 104(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2074(b), is delegated to the Secretary of Defense. This authority may not be further delegated by the Secretary.
PART III - EXPANSION OF PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AND SUPPLY
Sec. 301. Loan Guarantees. (a) To reduce current or projected shortfalls of resources, critical technology items, or materials essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense, as defined in section 801(h) of this order, is authorized pursuant to section 301 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, to guarantee loans by private institutions.
(b) Each guaranteeing agency is designated and authorized to: (1) act as fiscal agent in the making of its own guarantee contracts and in otherwise carrying out the purposes of section 301 of the Act; and (2) contract with any Federal Reserve Bank to assist the agency in serving as fiscal agent.
(c) Terms and conditions of guarantees under this authority shall be determined in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The guaranteeing agency is authorized, following such consultation, to prescribe: (1) either specifically or by maximum limits or otherwise, rates of interest, guarantee and commitment fees, and other charges which may be made in connection with such guarantee contracts; and (2) regulations governing the forms and procedures (which shall be uniform to the extent practicable) to be utilized in connection therewith.
Sec. 302. Loans. To reduce current or projected shortfalls of resources, critical technology items, or materials essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 302 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2092, to make loans thereunder. Terms and conditions of loans under this authority shall be determined in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of OMB.
Sec. 303. Additional Authorities. (a) To create, maintain, protect, expand, or restore domestic industrial base capabilities essential for the national defense, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, to make provision for purchases of, or commitments to purchase, an industrial resource or a critical technology item for Government use or resale, and to make provision for the development of production capabilities, and for the increased use of emerging technologies in security program applications, and to enable rapid transition of emerging technologies.
(b) Materials acquired under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, that exceed the needs of the programs under the Act may be transferred to the National Defense Stockpile, if, in the judgment of the Secretary of Defense as the National Defense Stockpile Manager, such transfers are in the public interest.
Sec. 304. Subsidy Payments. To ensure the supply of raw or nonprocessed materials from high cost sources, or to ensure maximum production or supply in any area at stable prices of any materials in light of a temporary increase in transportation cost, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(c) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(c), to make subsidy payments, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of OMB.
Sec. 305. Determinations and Findings. (a) Pursuant to budget authority provided by an appropriations act in advance for credit assistance under section 301 or 302 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, 2092, and consistent with the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, as amended (FCRA), 2 U.S.C. 661 et seq., the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority to make the determinations set forth in sections 301(a)(2) and 302(b)(2) of the Act, in consultation with the Secretary making the required determination under section 202 of this order; provided, that such determinations shall be made after due consideration of the provisions of OMB Circular A 129 and the credit subsidy score for the relevant loan or loan guarantee as approved by OMB pursuant to FCRA.
(b) Other than any determination by the President under section 303(a)(7)(b) of the Act, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority to make the required determinations, judgments, certifications, findings, and notifications defined under section 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093, in consultation with the Secretary making the required determination under section 202 of this order.
Sec. 306. Strategic and Critical Materials. The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of the Interior in consultation with the Secretary of Defense as the National Defense Stockpile Manager, are each delegated the authority of the President under section 303(a)(1)(B) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(a)(1)(B), to encourage the exploration, development, and mining of strategic and critical materials and other materials.
Sec. 307. Substitutes. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(g) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(g), to make provision for the development of substitutes for strategic and critical materials, critical components, critical technology items, and other resources to aid the national defense.
Sec. 308. Government-Owned Equipment. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 303(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(e), to:
(a) procure and install additional equipment, facilities, processes, or improvements to plants, factories, and other industrial facilities owned by the Federal Government and to procure and install Government owned equipment in plants, factories, or other industrial facilities owned by private persons;
(b) provide for the modification or expansion of privately owned facilities, including the modification or improvement of production processes, when taking actions under sections 301, 302, or 303 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2091, 2092, 2093; and
(c) sell or otherwise transfer equipment owned by the Federal Government and installed under section 303(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2093(e), to the owners of such plants, factories, or other industrial facilities.
Sec. 309. Defense Production Act Fund. The Secretary of Defense is designated the Defense Production Act Fund Manager, in accordance with section 304(f) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2094(f), and shall carry out the duties specified in section 304 of the Act, in consultation with the agency heads having approved, and appropriated funds for, projects under title III of the Act.
Sec. 310. Critical Items. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 107(b)(1) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2077(b)(1), to take appropriate action to ensure that critical components, critical technology items, essential materials, and industrial resources are available from reliable sources when needed to meet defense requirements during peacetime, graduated mobilization, and national emergency. Appropriate action may include restricting contract solicitations to reliable sources, restricting contract solicitations to domestic sources (pursuant to statutory authority), stockpiling critical components, and developing substitutes for critical components or critical technology items.
Sec. 311. Strengthening Domestic Capability. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense is delegated the authority of the President under section 107(a) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2077(a), to utilize the authority of title III of the Act or any other provision of law to provide appropriate incentives to develop, maintain, modernize, restore, and expand the productive capacities of domestic sources for critical components, critical technology items, materials, and industrial resources essential for the execution of the national security strategy of the United States.
Sec. 312. Modernization of Equipment. The head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense, in accordance with section 108(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2078(b), may utilize the authority of title III of the Act to guarantee the purchase or lease of advance manufacturing equipment, and any related services with respect to any such equipment for purposes of the Act. In considering title III projects, the head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense shall provide a strong preference for proposals submitted by a small business supplier or subcontractor in accordance with section 108(b)(2) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2078(b)(2).
PART IV - VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS AND ADVISORY COMMITTEES
Sec. 401. Delegations. The authority of the President under sections 708(c) and (d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(c), (d), is delegated to the heads of agencies otherwise delegated authority under this order. The status of the use of such delegations shall be furnished to the Secretary of Homeland Security.
Sec. 402. Advisory Committees. The authority of the President under section 708(d) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(d), and delegated in section 401 of this order (relating to establishment of advisory committees) shall be exercised only after consultation with, and in accordance with, guidelines and procedures established by the Administrator of General Services.
Sec. 403. Regulations. The Secretary of Homeland Security, after approval of the Attorney General, and after consultation by the Attorney General with the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, shall promulgate rules pursuant to section 708(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(e), incorporating standards and procedures by which voluntary agreements and plans of action may be developed and carried out. Such rules may be adopted by other agencies to fulfill the rulemaking requirement of section 708(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2158(e).
PART V - EMPLOYMENT OF PERSONNEL
Sec. 501. National Defense Executive Reserve. (a) In accordance with section 710(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(e), there is established in the executive branch a National Defense Executive Reserve (NDER) composed of persons of recognized expertise from various segments of the private sector and from Government (except full time Federal employees) for training for employment in executive positions in the Federal Government in the event of a national defense emergency.
(b) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall issue necessary guidance for the NDER program, including appropriate guidance for establishment, recruitment, training, monitoring, and activation of NDER units and shall be responsible for the overall coordination of the NDER program. The authority of the President under section 710(e) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(e), to determine periods of national defense emergency is delegated to the Secretary of Homeland Security.
(c) The head of any agency may implement section 501(a) of this order with respect to NDER operations in such agency.
(d) The head of each agency with an NDER unit may exercise the authority under section 703 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2153, to employ civilian personnel when activating all or a part of its NDER unit. The exercise of this authority shall be subject to the provisions of sections 501(e) and (f) of this order and shall not be redelegated.
(e) The head of an agency may activate an NDER unit, in whole or in part, upon the written determination of the Secretary of Homeland Security that an emergency affecting the national defense exists and that the activation of the unit is necessary to carry out the emergency program functions of the agency.
(f) Prior to activating the NDER unit, the head of the agency shall notify, in writing, the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism of the impending activation.
Sec. 502. Consultants. The head of each agency otherwise delegated functions under this order is delegated the authority of the President under sections 710(b) and (c) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2160(b), (c), to employ persons of outstanding experience and ability without compensation and to employ experts, consultants, or organizations. The authority delegated by this section may not be redelegated.
PART VI - LABOR REQUIREMENTS
Sec. 601. Secretary of Labor. (a) The Secretary of Labor, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other agencies, as deemed appropriate by the Secretary of Labor, shall:
(1) collect and maintain data necessary to make a continuing appraisal of the Nation's workforce needs for purposes of national defense;
(2) upon request by the Director of Selective Service, and in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, assist the Director of Selective Service in development of policies regulating the induction and deferment of persons for duty in the armed services;
(3) upon request from the head of an agency with authority under this order, consult with that agency with respect to: (i) the effect of contemplated actions on labor demand and utilization; (ii) the relation of labor demand to materials and facilities requirements; and (iii) such other matters as will assist in making the exercise of priority and allocations functions consistent with effective utilization and distribution of labor;
(4) upon request from the head of an agency with authority under this order: (i) formulate plans, programs, and policies for meeting the labor requirements of actions to be taken for national defense purposes; and (ii) estimate training needs to help address national defense requirements and promote necessary and appropriate training programs; and
(5) develop and implement an effective labor management relations policy to support the activities and programs under this order, with the cooperation of other agencies as deemed appropriate by the Secretary of Labor, including the National Labor Relations Board, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the National Mediation Board, and the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service.
(b) All agencies shall cooperate with the Secretary of Labor, upon request, for the purposes of this section, to the extent permitted by law.
PART VII - DEFENSE PRODUCTION ACT COMMITTEE
Sec. 701. The Defense Production Act Committee. (a) The Defense Production Act Committee (Committee) shall be composed of the following members, in accordance with section 722(b) of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171(b):
(1) The Secretary of State;
(2) The Secretary of the Treasury;
(3) The Secretary of Defense;
(4) The Attorney General;
(5) The Secretary of the Interior;
(6) The Secretary of Agriculture;
(7) The Secretary of Commerce;
(8) The Secretary of Labor;
(9) The Secretary of Health and Human Services;
(10) The Secretary of Transportation;
(11) The Secretary of Energy;
(12) The Secretary of Homeland Security;
(13) The Director of National Intelligence;
(14) The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency;
(15) The Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers;
(16) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and
(17) The Administrator of General Services.
(b) The Director of OMB and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall be invited to participate in all Committee meetings and activities in an advisory role. The Chairperson, as designated by the President pursuant to section 722 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2171, may invite the heads of other agencies or offices to participate in Committee meetings and activities in an advisory role, as appropriate.
Sec. 702. Offsets. The Secretary of Commerce shall prepare and submit to the Congress the annual report required by section 723 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2172, in consultation with the Secretaries of State, the Treasury, Defense, and Labor, the United States Trade Representative, the Director of National Intelligence, and the heads of other agencies as appropriate. The heads of agencies shall provide the Secretary of Commerce with such information as may be necessary for the effective performance of this function.
PART VIII - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 801. Definitions. In addition to the definitions in section 702 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2152, the following definitions apply throughout this order:
(a) "Civil transportation" includes movement of persons and property by all modes of transportation in interstate, intrastate, or foreign commerce within the United States, its territories and possessions, and the District of Columbia, and related public storage and warehousing, ports, services, equipment and facilities, such as transportation carrier shop and repair facilities. "Civil transportation" also shall include direction, control, and coordination of civil transportation capacity regardless of ownership. "Civil transportation" shall not include transportation owned or controlled by the Department of Defense, use of petroleum and gas pipelines, and coal slurry pipelines used only to supply energy production facilities directly.
(b) "Energy" means all forms of energy including petroleum, gas (both natural and manufactured), electricity, solid fuels (including all forms of coal, coke, coal chemicals, coal liquification, and coal gasification), solar, wind, other types of renewable energy, atomic energy, and the production, conservation, use, control, and distribution (including pipelines) of all of these forms of energy.
(c) "Farm equipment" means equipment, machinery, and repair parts manufactured for use on farms in connection with the production or preparation for market use of food resources.
(d) "Fertilizer" means any product or combination of products that contain one or more of the elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for use as a plant nutrient.
(e) "Food resources" means all commodities and products, (simple, mixed, or compound), or complements to such commodities or products, that are capable of being ingested by either human beings or animals, irrespective of other uses to which such commodities or products may be put, at all stages of processing from the raw commodity to the products thereof in vendible form for human or animal consumption. "Food resources" also means potable water packaged in commercially marketable containers, all starches, sugars, vegetable and animal or marine fats and oils, seed, cotton, hemp, and flax fiber, but does not mean any such material after it loses its identity as an agricultural commodity or agricultural product.
(f) "Food resource facilities" means plants, machinery, vehicles (including on farm), and other facilities required for the production, processing, distribution, and storage (including cold storage) of food resources, and for the domestic distribution of farm equipment and fertilizer (excluding transportation thereof).
(g) "Functions" include powers, duties, authority, responsibilities, and discretion.
(h) "Head of each agency engaged in procurement for the national defense" means the heads of the Departments of State, Justice, the Interior, and Homeland Security, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the General Services Administration, and all other agencies with authority delegated under section 201 of this order.
(i) "Health resources" means drugs, biological products, medical devices, materials, facilities, health supplies, services and equipment required to diagnose, mitigate or prevent the impairment of, improve, treat, cure, or restore the physical or mental health conditions of the population.
(j) "National defense" means programs for military and energy production or construction, military or critical infrastructure assistance to any foreign nation, homeland security, stockpiling, space, and any directly related activity. Such term includes emergency preparedness activities conducted pursuant to title VI of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. 5195 et seq., and critical infrastructure protection and restoration.
(k) "Offsets" means compensation practices required as a condition of purchase in either government to government or commercial sales of defense articles and/or defense services as defined by the Arms Export Control Act, 22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq., and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, 22 C.F.R. 120.1 130.17.
(l) "Special priorities assistance" means action by resource departments to assist with expediting deliveries, placing rated orders, locating suppliers, resolving production or delivery conflicts between various rated orders, addressing problems that arise in the fulfillment of a rated order or other action authorized by a delegated agency, and determining the validity of rated orders.
(m) "Strategic and critical materials" means materials (including energy) that (1) would be needed to supply the military, industrial, and essential civilian needs of the United States during a national emergency, and (2) are not found or produced in the United States in sufficient quantities to meet such need and are vulnerable to the termination or reduction of the availability of the material.
(n) "Water resources" means all usable water, from all sources, within the jurisdiction of the United States, that can be managed, controlled, and allocated to meet emergency requirements, except "water resources" does not include usable water that qualifies as "food resources."
Sec. 802. General. (a) Except as otherwise provided in section 802(c) of this order, the authorities vested in the President by title VII of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2151 et seq., are delegated to the head of each agency in carrying out the delegated authorities under the Act and this order, by the Secretary of Labor in carrying out part VI of this order, and by the Secretary of the Treasury in exercising the functions assigned in Executive Order 11858, as amended.
(b) The authorities that may be exercised and performed pursuant to section 802(a) of this order shall include:
(1) the power to redelegate authorities, and to authorize the successive redelegation of authorities to agencies, officers, and employees of the Government; and
(2) the power of subpoena under section 705 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2155, with respect to (i) authorities delegated in parts II, III, and section 702 of this order, and (ii) the functions assigned to the Secretary of the Treasury in Executive Order 11858, as amended, provided that the subpoena power referenced in subsections (i) and (ii) shall be utilized only after the scope and purpose of the investigation, inspection, or inquiry to which the subpoena relates have been defined either by the appropriate officer identified in section 802(a) of this order or by such other person or persons as the officer shall designate.
(c) Excluded from the authorities delegated by section 802(a) of this order are authorities delegated by parts IV and V of this order, authorities in section 721 and 722 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2170 2171, and the authority with respect to fixing compensation under section 703 of the Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 2153.
Sec. 803. Authority. (a) Executive Order 12919 of June 3, 1994, and sections 401(3) (4) of Executive Order 12656 of November 18, 1988, are revoked. All other previously issued orders, regulations, rulings, certificates, directives, and other actions relating to any function affected by this order shall remain in effect except as they are inconsistent with this order or are subsequently amended or revoked under proper authority. Nothing in this order shall affect the validity or force of anything done under previous delegations or other assignment of authority under the Act.
(b) Nothing in this order shall affect the authorities assigned under Executive Order 11858 of May 7, 1975, as amended, except as provided in section 802 of this order.
(c) Nothing in this order shall affect the authorities assigned under Executive Order 12472 of April 3, 1984, as amended.
Sec. 804. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect functions of the Director of OMB relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
BARACK OBAMA
THE WHITE HOUSE,
March 16, 2012.
Long Story Short...
Internet conspiracies sre schoolyard rumors for adults. It has that bobby brown, big daddy kane caug'ght aids type energy.
George Bush Sr took UFO secrets to the grave – because ‘Americans couldn’t handle the truth’, lobbyist claims
American UFO lobbyist Steve Bassett said Bush Sr could have ended the UFO "cover up" - but decided not to
Emma Parry
18 Dec 2018
www.thesun.co.uk
The 41st President of the United States, who died last month aged 94, was a former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and was briefed daily by spooks while in the White House.
And according to UFO researchers he would have been the "ideal" president to disclose the truth about UFOs as he was so well informed.
But he kept all his UFO knowledge a secret right up until he died at his home in Houston, Texas.
Steve Bassett, an American UFO lobbyist, told Sun Online Bush knew the truth about extra terrestrial life and could have ended the UFO cover-up.
He said: "The consensus among researchers is George H. W. Bush would have been briefed on the extra-terrestrial presence to whatever extent he so desired.
"There is no clear evidence George H. W. Bush wanted 'Disclosure'. That said, it is my view the military/intelligence complex would have been quite comfortable with 'Disclosure' taking place during a second term of President George H. W. Bush.
"He would have been the ideal 'Disclosure' President from their perspective. The Cold War was over and the door was now open to end a very expensive and complex truth embargo."
While director of the CIA, Bush is said to have even blocked former president Jimmy Carter's attempts to obtain UFO information during an alleged briefing on November 19, 1976.
Bush told the president-elect he didn't have the need to know but if he wanted information he should ask the Congressional Research Service (CRS) to prepare a briefing for the new administration.
Carter had pledged he would disclose to US citizens what the government knew about UFOs if elected after witnessing a strange light while governor of Georgia in 1969.
Bassett, the executive director of UFO campaign group Paradigm Research Group, thinks Bush rebuffed Carter as he knew some UFOs were extra-terrestrial in origin.
He said: "We do know the newly elected President Carter approached CIA Director Bush regarding a study the White House wished to initiate regarding the extra-terrestrial issue.
"Bush declined to cooperate and referred him to another agency. This may have guaranteed he would not be able to stay on as CIA Director - or not.
"Carter fired him shortly thereafter. One might ask, 'If there was no truth to the extra-terrestrial hypothesis, why would Bush disrespect a presidential request?'"
While campaigning with his son Jeb Bush in the 1980s, Bush was asked about UFOs by a journalist. He replied: "Americans can't handle the truth."
Bush was also quizzed by UFO researcher Charles Huffer during a presidential rally trip to Rogers, Arkansas, in 1988 during which he asked Bush: "Will you tell the people the truth about UFOs?"
Bush replied: "Yeah. if we can find it, what it is. We are really interested." When pressed further Bush replied: "I know some. I know a fair amount."
Bush also supported space exploration, and was once quoted in a speech as saying: "We will travel to neighbouring stars, to new worlds, to discover the unknown."
Bassett, who organised the Citizens Hearings in 2012 - which saw dozens of military, government and intelligence officers give evidence about UFOs to six former members of Congress - believes Bush was also aware of the infamous Roswell UFO crash in July 1947.
He added: "It is my view Bush was quite knowledgeable about the history of the extra-terrestrial presence to the extent he required. Did that include the July 1947 Roswell events? Almost certainly yes."
Last year Bush's son George appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live show to plug his autobiography but remained tight-lipped when asked about UFOs.
Kimmel said: "This is a question I think is very important to me and very important to the country.
"When you were in office - and I don't know when this ever or if it happened - did you go through the secret files, the UFO documents? Because if I was president that would be the first thing I did."
But instead of laughing off the question or branding Kimmel a crackpot, the former US leader replied: "Maybe."
He then went on to reveal his daughters Barbara and Jenna asked him the same question when he served as the 43rd President of the United States but he couldn't tell them anything.
Bush was one of three former presidents and presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton, to go on Kimmel to discuss the UFO topic.
Barack Obama, Hillary and Bill Clinton have all previously spoken out about UFOs on the show.
Hillary vowed to launch a probe if she made it to the White House but she was pipped by Donald Trump.
President George H.W. Bush
American UFO lobbyist Steve Bassett said Bush Sr could have ended the UFO "cover up" - but decided not to
Emma Parry
18 Dec 2018
George Bush Sr took UFO secrets to the grave – because ‘Americans couldn’t handle the truth’, lobbyist claims
FORMER US president George Bush Sr knew UFOs were real but took his secrets to the grave because the American people “could not handle the truth”, a lobbyist has claimed. The 41st Presi…
www.thesun.co.uk
The 41st President of the United States, who died last month aged 94, was a former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and was briefed daily by spooks while in the White House.
And according to UFO researchers he would have been the "ideal" president to disclose the truth about UFOs as he was so well informed.
But he kept all his UFO knowledge a secret right up until he died at his home in Houston, Texas.
Steve Bassett, an American UFO lobbyist, told Sun Online Bush knew the truth about extra terrestrial life and could have ended the UFO cover-up.
He said: "The consensus among researchers is George H. W. Bush would have been briefed on the extra-terrestrial presence to whatever extent he so desired.
"There is no clear evidence George H. W. Bush wanted 'Disclosure'. That said, it is my view the military/intelligence complex would have been quite comfortable with 'Disclosure' taking place during a second term of President George H. W. Bush.
"He would have been the ideal 'Disclosure' President from their perspective. The Cold War was over and the door was now open to end a very expensive and complex truth embargo."
While director of the CIA, Bush is said to have even blocked former president Jimmy Carter's attempts to obtain UFO information during an alleged briefing on November 19, 1976.
Bush told the president-elect he didn't have the need to know but if he wanted information he should ask the Congressional Research Service (CRS) to prepare a briefing for the new administration.
Carter had pledged he would disclose to US citizens what the government knew about UFOs if elected after witnessing a strange light while governor of Georgia in 1969.
Bassett, the executive director of UFO campaign group Paradigm Research Group, thinks Bush rebuffed Carter as he knew some UFOs were extra-terrestrial in origin.
He said: "We do know the newly elected President Carter approached CIA Director Bush regarding a study the White House wished to initiate regarding the extra-terrestrial issue.
"Bush declined to cooperate and referred him to another agency. This may have guaranteed he would not be able to stay on as CIA Director - or not.
"Carter fired him shortly thereafter. One might ask, 'If there was no truth to the extra-terrestrial hypothesis, why would Bush disrespect a presidential request?'"
While campaigning with his son Jeb Bush in the 1980s, Bush was asked about UFOs by a journalist. He replied: "Americans can't handle the truth."
Bush was also quizzed by UFO researcher Charles Huffer during a presidential rally trip to Rogers, Arkansas, in 1988 during which he asked Bush: "Will you tell the people the truth about UFOs?"
Bush replied: "Yeah. if we can find it, what it is. We are really interested." When pressed further Bush replied: "I know some. I know a fair amount."
Bush also supported space exploration, and was once quoted in a speech as saying: "We will travel to neighbouring stars, to new worlds, to discover the unknown."
Bassett, who organised the Citizens Hearings in 2012 - which saw dozens of military, government and intelligence officers give evidence about UFOs to six former members of Congress - believes Bush was also aware of the infamous Roswell UFO crash in July 1947.
He added: "It is my view Bush was quite knowledgeable about the history of the extra-terrestrial presence to the extent he required. Did that include the July 1947 Roswell events? Almost certainly yes."
Last year Bush's son George appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live show to plug his autobiography but remained tight-lipped when asked about UFOs.
Kimmel said: "This is a question I think is very important to me and very important to the country.
"When you were in office - and I don't know when this ever or if it happened - did you go through the secret files, the UFO documents? Because if I was president that would be the first thing I did."
But instead of laughing off the question or branding Kimmel a crackpot, the former US leader replied: "Maybe."
He then went on to reveal his daughters Barbara and Jenna asked him the same question when he served as the 43rd President of the United States but he couldn't tell them anything.
Bush was one of three former presidents and presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton, to go on Kimmel to discuss the UFO topic.
Barack Obama, Hillary and Bill Clinton have all previously spoken out about UFOs on the show.
Hillary vowed to launch a probe if she made it to the White House but she was pipped by Donald Trump.
President George H.W. Bush
This is for the Covid-19 Conspiracy Cats.
Page 21 should interest you…
SUMMARY OF MAJOR EVENTS and PROBLEMS
United States Army Chemical Corps
Fiscal Year 1959
Declassified Report From Ft. Detrick, MD
Page 21 should interest you…
SUMMARY OF MAJOR EVENTS and PROBLEMS
United States Army Chemical Corps
Fiscal Year 1959
Declassified Report From Ft. Detrick, MD
If you a true conspiracy head, then you have your opinions on this facility.
Svalbard Global Seed Vault
www.seedvault.no
Our Purpose
We offer safe, free and long-term storage of seed duplicates from all genebanks and nations participating in the global community’s joint effort to ensure the world’s future food supply. The facility serves a humanitarian purpose and is part of the international system for conserving plant genetic diversity guided by the UN organisation for Food and Agriculturen (FAO). While there may be a role for the Seed Vault in the event of a global catastrophe, its value is considered to lie much more in providing back-up to individual collections in the event that the original samples, and their duplicates in conventional genebanks, are lost due to natural disasters, human conflict, changing policies, mismanagement, or any other circumstances.
Protecting maximum amount of plants of importance to humanity
Crop diversity is the foundation of our food production. It allows our food crops to adapt to the climate and population changes that are coming. The United Nations predicts the globalpopulation will increase from the 2020 population of 7.8 billion to 9.7 billion by 2050. Changing weather patterns cause changes in growing seasons and the environment, impacting the ability of today’s agricultural crops to thrive or even to survive.
The seeds contain the raw material that scientists and plant breeders might need to improve the yield, resilience or disease resistance of the agricultural varieties that farmers plant. The world’s gene banks are the first line of resistance to the external problems that agriculture faces.
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, function as safety depository for orthodox seeds, primarily of domesticated plants and their wild relatives that are important to food and agriculture.
A perfect location
Svalbard is the Norwegian archipelago half way between the Norhern pole and Mainland Norway. This location are in many ways a perfect location for the worlds seed backup. Norway is a quiet and safe corner at the top of the world, and a long distance from the seed vaults housing the original collections, which are mostly located in the Sothern regions. Even though Svalbard is affected by global warming, it is still expected to remain one of world’s coldest places. The seeds are placed in the chambers inside the frozen mountain and artifical cooling plants are keep the temperatures at a constant minus 18C. The permafrost in the mountains surrounding the Seed Vault is certain to keep the seeds cold for a long time, even in the event of no artificial cooling.
In accordance with the most appropriate techniques…
With a view to preparing the Seed Vault for a wetter and warmer climate in the future, Norway has taken precautionary measures and carried out a major upgrade of the facility from 2016 to 2019. The Seed Vault’s entrance tunnel was made waterproof which, together with the installation of a more efficient and environmentally friendly cooling system, has made the Seed Vault well prepared in the face of future climate change. We will continue to monitor the Seed Vault and follow the developments in the climatic and natural conditions on Svalbard. It is good to know that Norway remains prepared to take any steps necessary to secure the seeds, even in the face of new situations in the future.
Svalbard Global Seed Vault
Svalbard Global Seed Vault
Svalbard Global Seed Vault: Safeguarding Seeds for the Future Latest news
www.seedvault.no
Our Purpose
We offer safe, free and long-term storage of seed duplicates from all genebanks and nations participating in the global community’s joint effort to ensure the world’s future food supply. The facility serves a humanitarian purpose and is part of the international system for conserving plant genetic diversity guided by the UN organisation for Food and Agriculturen (FAO). While there may be a role for the Seed Vault in the event of a global catastrophe, its value is considered to lie much more in providing back-up to individual collections in the event that the original samples, and their duplicates in conventional genebanks, are lost due to natural disasters, human conflict, changing policies, mismanagement, or any other circumstances.
Protecting maximum amount of plants of importance to humanity
Crop diversity is the foundation of our food production. It allows our food crops to adapt to the climate and population changes that are coming. The United Nations predicts the globalpopulation will increase from the 2020 population of 7.8 billion to 9.7 billion by 2050. Changing weather patterns cause changes in growing seasons and the environment, impacting the ability of today’s agricultural crops to thrive or even to survive.
The seeds contain the raw material that scientists and plant breeders might need to improve the yield, resilience or disease resistance of the agricultural varieties that farmers plant. The world’s gene banks are the first line of resistance to the external problems that agriculture faces.
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, function as safety depository for orthodox seeds, primarily of domesticated plants and their wild relatives that are important to food and agriculture.
A perfect location
Svalbard is the Norwegian archipelago half way between the Norhern pole and Mainland Norway. This location are in many ways a perfect location for the worlds seed backup. Norway is a quiet and safe corner at the top of the world, and a long distance from the seed vaults housing the original collections, which are mostly located in the Sothern regions. Even though Svalbard is affected by global warming, it is still expected to remain one of world’s coldest places. The seeds are placed in the chambers inside the frozen mountain and artifical cooling plants are keep the temperatures at a constant minus 18C. The permafrost in the mountains surrounding the Seed Vault is certain to keep the seeds cold for a long time, even in the event of no artificial cooling.
In accordance with the most appropriate techniques…
With a view to preparing the Seed Vault for a wetter and warmer climate in the future, Norway has taken precautionary measures and carried out a major upgrade of the facility from 2016 to 2019. The Seed Vault’s entrance tunnel was made waterproof which, together with the installation of a more efficient and environmentally friendly cooling system, has made the Seed Vault well prepared in the face of future climate change. We will continue to monitor the Seed Vault and follow the developments in the climatic and natural conditions on Svalbard. It is good to know that Norway remains prepared to take any steps necessary to secure the seeds, even in the face of new situations in the future.
TR3B
Black Manta
www.military.com
It doesn't exist officially. It uses highly pressured mercury accelerated by nuclear energy to produce a plasma that creates a field of anti-gravity around the ship. Conventional thrusters located at the tips of the craft allow it to perform all manner of rapid high speed maneuvers along all three axes. Interestingly, the plasma generated also reduces radar signature significantly. So it'll be almost invisible on radar & remain undetected. This literally means that it can go to any country it likes without being detected by air traffic control & air defence systems.
Black Manta
TR-3B Anti-Gravity Spacecrafts
It doesn't exist officially. It uses highly pressured mercury accelerated by nuclear energy to produce a plasma that creates a field of anti-gravity around the ship. See more.
It doesn't exist officially. It uses highly pressured mercury accelerated by nuclear energy to produce a plasma that creates a field of anti-gravity around the ship. Conventional thrusters located at the tips of the craft allow it to perform all manner of rapid high speed maneuvers along all three axes. Interestingly, the plasma generated also reduces radar signature significantly. So it'll be almost invisible on radar & remain undetected. This literally means that it can go to any country it likes without being detected by air traffic control & air defence systems.
UVB-76
Radio Station
“The Buzzer”
UVB-76, also known by the nickname "The Buzzer", is a shortwave radio station that broadcasts on the frequencies 4625 and 4810 kHz. It broadcasts a short, monotonous About this soundbuzz tone, repeating at a rate of approximately 25 tones per minute, 24 hours per day. Sometimes, the buzzer signal is interrupted and a voice transmission in Russian takes place. The start date of broadcasting is disputed. However, it was allegedly reported to start broadcasting sometime in the 1970s.
Russia's Ghost Radio Station: What is the Mysterious Sound Heard on UVB-76?
No one knows for sure what is being heard when tuned into radio frequency 4625 kHz. Secret, coded messages sent across airwaves between governments and spies? A signal ready to sound an alarm? Or a mysterious transmission tuned to interact with the ionosphere? Known to be of Russian origin, though this has never been confirmed by the Russian government, the signal was a continuous broadcast of repeated pip that has since become an unsettling looping and buzzing tone.
UVB-76 - The Buzzer Breakdown - 25 July 2016
"The Buzzer" is a famous and mysterious shortwave radio station. Suddenly, something very strange happened... A technical failure? This is the original recording of a bizarre breakdown.
Recorded: 25 July 2016
Radio Station
“The Buzzer”
UVB-76, also known by the nickname "The Buzzer", is a shortwave radio station that broadcasts on the frequencies 4625 and 4810 kHz. It broadcasts a short, monotonous About this soundbuzz tone, repeating at a rate of approximately 25 tones per minute, 24 hours per day. Sometimes, the buzzer signal is interrupted and a voice transmission in Russian takes place. The start date of broadcasting is disputed. However, it was allegedly reported to start broadcasting sometime in the 1970s.
Russia's Ghost Radio Station: What is the Mysterious Sound Heard on UVB-76?
No one knows for sure what is being heard when tuned into radio frequency 4625 kHz. Secret, coded messages sent across airwaves between governments and spies? A signal ready to sound an alarm? Or a mysterious transmission tuned to interact with the ionosphere? Known to be of Russian origin, though this has never been confirmed by the Russian government, the signal was a continuous broadcast of repeated pip that has since become an unsettling looping and buzzing tone.
UVB-76 - The Buzzer Breakdown - 25 July 2016
"The Buzzer" is a famous and mysterious shortwave radio station. Suddenly, something very strange happened... A technical failure? This is the original recording of a bizarre breakdown.
Recorded: 25 July 2016
Mt. Rushmore
Hall of Records
There are a lot of theories on what is actually down inside this area. It was never completed to the design specs of the original sculptor.
But there are theories that the US Govt is storing some stuff in there. The sculptor also had connections with the KKK and its possible the FreeMason's may have something in there.
The Idea
Gutzon Borglum had long dreamed of creating a written description to accompany the giant sculpture on Mount Rushmore. The original idea for the memorial included a large inscription or entablature to be carved alongside the figures. The entablature would describe the nine most important events in the history of the United States from 1776 to 1906 (From Washington to Roosevelt. It was to be about 80 by 120 feet in the shape of the Louisiana Purchase. This plan failed for two critical reasons. First, the text could not be made large enough to read at such a great distance. Also, after relocating the Jefferson head, that section of the mountain was needed for the Lincoln head. Because of these difficulties, another more lasting plan was developed.
Location
Borglum next planned to create a large room within the mountain. This chamber would hold the documents and artifacts most central to American democratic history. The proposed large room, 80 by 100 feet was to be drilled into the north wall of the small canyon behind the faces. His scheme also called for an 800-foot granite stairway to reach the room. The steps would begin near his studio, rise gradually to meet the canyon mouth behind Lincoln’s head, and then lead to the entrance of the great hall.
The Plan
The recesses inside this hall would house bronze and glass cabinets containing important historical documents, such as the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. Also included in the hall would be busts of famous Americans and a list of U.S. contributions to the world in science, industry and the arts.
The entrance would be 20 feet high by 14 feet wide with cast glass doors opening into a higher chamber. A bronze eagle, with a wingspread of 38 feet, would be placed above the door. Words inscribed over the eagle would read: "America’s Onward March" and "The Hall of Records."
Construction
Construction of the hall took place between July 1938 and July 1939, when a 70-foot tunnel was blasted into the mountain. It remains very rough cut, and tapers to a point at the back. Work halted in 1939 when Congress directed that construction should be executed only on the faces. With Borglum’s death in 1941 and American involvement in World War II, all work on the memorial came to a close on October 31, 1941.
The Hall of Records Today
Although Borglum’s grand scheme for the Hall of Records had to be abandoned, the idea remained. On August 9, 1998, Gutzon Borglum’s dream was completed when a repository of records was placed in the floor of the hall entry. This repository consists of a teakwood box, inside a titanium vault, covered by a granite capstone. Etched on the capstone is the following quote by Gutzon Borglum:
"...let us place there, carved high, as close to heaven as we can, the words of our leaders, their faces, to show posterity what manner of men they were. Then breathe a prayer that these records will endure until the wind and rain alone shall wear them away."
The repository contains sixteen porcelain enamel panels. Inscribed on the panels is the story of how Mount Rushmore came to be carved, who carved it, the reasons for selecting the four presidents depicted on the mountain and a short history of the United States. This repository is not accessible to visitors but is left as a record for people thousands of years from now who may wonder how and why Mount Rushmore was carved.
4
Hall of Records
There are a lot of theories on what is actually down inside this area. It was never completed to the design specs of the original sculptor.
But there are theories that the US Govt is storing some stuff in there. The sculptor also had connections with the KKK and its possible the FreeMason's may have something in there.
The Idea
Gutzon Borglum had long dreamed of creating a written description to accompany the giant sculpture on Mount Rushmore. The original idea for the memorial included a large inscription or entablature to be carved alongside the figures. The entablature would describe the nine most important events in the history of the United States from 1776 to 1906 (From Washington to Roosevelt. It was to be about 80 by 120 feet in the shape of the Louisiana Purchase. This plan failed for two critical reasons. First, the text could not be made large enough to read at such a great distance. Also, after relocating the Jefferson head, that section of the mountain was needed for the Lincoln head. Because of these difficulties, another more lasting plan was developed.
Location
Borglum next planned to create a large room within the mountain. This chamber would hold the documents and artifacts most central to American democratic history. The proposed large room, 80 by 100 feet was to be drilled into the north wall of the small canyon behind the faces. His scheme also called for an 800-foot granite stairway to reach the room. The steps would begin near his studio, rise gradually to meet the canyon mouth behind Lincoln’s head, and then lead to the entrance of the great hall.
The Plan
The recesses inside this hall would house bronze and glass cabinets containing important historical documents, such as the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. Also included in the hall would be busts of famous Americans and a list of U.S. contributions to the world in science, industry and the arts.
The entrance would be 20 feet high by 14 feet wide with cast glass doors opening into a higher chamber. A bronze eagle, with a wingspread of 38 feet, would be placed above the door. Words inscribed over the eagle would read: "America’s Onward March" and "The Hall of Records."
Construction
Construction of the hall took place between July 1938 and July 1939, when a 70-foot tunnel was blasted into the mountain. It remains very rough cut, and tapers to a point at the back. Work halted in 1939 when Congress directed that construction should be executed only on the faces. With Borglum’s death in 1941 and American involvement in World War II, all work on the memorial came to a close on October 31, 1941.
The Hall of Records Today
Although Borglum’s grand scheme for the Hall of Records had to be abandoned, the idea remained. On August 9, 1998, Gutzon Borglum’s dream was completed when a repository of records was placed in the floor of the hall entry. This repository consists of a teakwood box, inside a titanium vault, covered by a granite capstone. Etched on the capstone is the following quote by Gutzon Borglum:
"...let us place there, carved high, as close to heaven as we can, the words of our leaders, their faces, to show posterity what manner of men they were. Then breathe a prayer that these records will endure until the wind and rain alone shall wear them away."
The repository contains sixteen porcelain enamel panels. Inscribed on the panels is the story of how Mount Rushmore came to be carved, who carved it, the reasons for selecting the four presidents depicted on the mountain and a short history of the United States. This repository is not accessible to visitors but is left as a record for people thousands of years from now who may wonder how and why Mount Rushmore was carved.
Dr. Jacques Vallée: UFO Disclosure Could Trigger Complex Religious , Security Questions
George Knapp
April 25, 2025
A highly respected UFO investigator warns that disclosing the truth, linked to documented human injuries and national security concerns, requires a carefully crafted strategy to avoid chaos.
George Knapp
April 25, 2025
A highly respected UFO investigator warns that disclosing the truth, linked to documented human injuries and national security concerns, requires a carefully crafted strategy to avoid chaos.
If you wondering what Elon Musk and his DOGE Minions are up to.
This should give you an idea….
CHINA’S SOCIAL CREDIT SYSTEM
nhseb.org
velocityglobal.com
amp.scmp.com
On June 14, 2014, China’s State Council announced a plan to establish a social credit system, which would assign “social credit scores” to citizens based on their behavior [1]. A citizen’s social credit score goes up based on socially desirable actions, like paying taxes or purchasing Chinese products; it declines if a person engages in behaviors that the State Council deems dishonest or otherwise problematic, such as committing crimes or making negative statements about the government. Access to social benefits, like receiving a home loan or travelling on an airplane, would be partly determined by one’s social credit score. With this social credit system, the Chinese government aims to create a more honest and harmonious society.
The Chinese State Council postulates that if citizens are rewarded for good behavior and punished for bad behavior, then people will want to act better. Citizens in China are already seeing the positive effects of this system. As one Chinese citizen explained, “I feel like in the past six months, people’s behavior has gotten better and better . . . For example, when we drive, now we always stop in front of crosswalks. If you don’t stop, you will lose your points. At first, we just worried about losing points, but now we got used to it”. When there are negative consequences, people may think twice about engaging in bad or illegal activities. Over time, when citizens of a society are following laws and acting honestly, the society as a whole becomes just, fair, and peaceful.
Critics, however, regard it as an invasion of privacy and personal freedom. One concern is that the ability for the government to assign these ratings is dependent on China’s increasingly dense network of surveillance cameras and the advancement of artificial intelligence technology. Additionally, some critics argue that the system has flaws and may be subject to error or even abuse by the government. For example, the social credit score of Liu Hu, a Chinese journalist, placed him on the untrustworthy list, and as a result, he was prohibited from flying, buying a home, and sending his child to private school. His low score was due to a series of tweets that the government did not approve of. According to Liu, “You feel you're being controlled by the list all the time”. Critics on the international stage worry that policies like China’s will spread.
For example, Tyler Grant has argued that “[t]he free world is not far behind if we don’t protect privacy, deny our policymakers’ desire to expand the reach of government, and resist the urge to commercially or socially punish those who don't share our political ideology. Privacy and liberty are never more than one generation away from extinction” [6]. Finally, some people might be concerned that by generating external incentives to engage in pro-social behaviors, programs like this actually undermine intrinsic moral motivation, making people less likely to do the right thing for the right reason.
China Ranks ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Citizens With Social Credit’ System
In China, where millions of people have their faces scanned on a daily basis, authorities are developing a so-called "social credit" system. Citizens’ behavior is monitored and scrutinised – they are given scores and ranked according to rules set by the government. "Model" citizens enjoy perks such as reduced bus fares, but those with low scores lose certain rights and are blacklisted.
This should give you an idea….
CHINA’S SOCIAL CREDIT SYSTEM
China’s Social Credit System — National High School Ethics Bowl
On June 14, 2014, China’s State Council announced a plan to establish a social credit system, which would assign “social credit scores” to citizens based on their behavior. Chinese State Council say being rewarded for good behavior will make citizens want to be better, but critics view this as an in
nhseb.org
The Chinese Social Credit System: What to Know as a Business Owner
China is a great choice for any organization looking to expand its business abroad.
China’s complex social credit system evolves with 23 new guidelines from Beijing
Guidelines also establish ‘seriously discredited entities’ list for specific sectors – and those on the list could face restrictions or bans on issuing stocks and bonds.
amp.scmp.com
On June 14, 2014, China’s State Council announced a plan to establish a social credit system, which would assign “social credit scores” to citizens based on their behavior [1]. A citizen’s social credit score goes up based on socially desirable actions, like paying taxes or purchasing Chinese products; it declines if a person engages in behaviors that the State Council deems dishonest or otherwise problematic, such as committing crimes or making negative statements about the government. Access to social benefits, like receiving a home loan or travelling on an airplane, would be partly determined by one’s social credit score. With this social credit system, the Chinese government aims to create a more honest and harmonious society.
The Chinese State Council postulates that if citizens are rewarded for good behavior and punished for bad behavior, then people will want to act better. Citizens in China are already seeing the positive effects of this system. As one Chinese citizen explained, “I feel like in the past six months, people’s behavior has gotten better and better . . . For example, when we drive, now we always stop in front of crosswalks. If you don’t stop, you will lose your points. At first, we just worried about losing points, but now we got used to it”. When there are negative consequences, people may think twice about engaging in bad or illegal activities. Over time, when citizens of a society are following laws and acting honestly, the society as a whole becomes just, fair, and peaceful.
Critics, however, regard it as an invasion of privacy and personal freedom. One concern is that the ability for the government to assign these ratings is dependent on China’s increasingly dense network of surveillance cameras and the advancement of artificial intelligence technology. Additionally, some critics argue that the system has flaws and may be subject to error or even abuse by the government. For example, the social credit score of Liu Hu, a Chinese journalist, placed him on the untrustworthy list, and as a result, he was prohibited from flying, buying a home, and sending his child to private school. His low score was due to a series of tweets that the government did not approve of. According to Liu, “You feel you're being controlled by the list all the time”. Critics on the international stage worry that policies like China’s will spread.
For example, Tyler Grant has argued that “[t]he free world is not far behind if we don’t protect privacy, deny our policymakers’ desire to expand the reach of government, and resist the urge to commercially or socially punish those who don't share our political ideology. Privacy and liberty are never more than one generation away from extinction” [6]. Finally, some people might be concerned that by generating external incentives to engage in pro-social behaviors, programs like this actually undermine intrinsic moral motivation, making people less likely to do the right thing for the right reason.
China Ranks ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Citizens With Social Credit’ System
In China, where millions of people have their faces scanned on a daily basis, authorities are developing a so-called "social credit" system. Citizens’ behavior is monitored and scrutinised – they are given scores and ranked according to rules set by the government. "Model" citizens enjoy perks such as reduced bus fares, but those with low scores lose certain rights and are blacklisted.
Former Bush Housing Official Claims Government Has Spent $21 Trillion Building an Underground Doomsday ‘Base’
BY CHARLIE LANKSTON
MAY 3, 2025
A former housing official who worked under President George H. W. Bush has made an astonishing claim that the U.S. government spent years funneling money into the creation of a secret underground "city" where the rich and powerful can shelter in the event of a "near-extinction event."
Catherine Austin Fitts, who served as the assistant secretary of Housing and Urban Development for Housing between 1989 and 1990, made the shocking allegations during an appearance on former Fox News host Tucker Carlson's podcast, although there is no concrete evidence to support her claims.
Fitts, 74, who is originally from Philadelphia, cited research by Michigan State University economist Mark Skidmore, who released a report in 2017 stating that he and a team of scholars had uncovered $21 trillion in "unauthorized spending in the departments of Defense and Housing and Urban Development for the years 1998-2015."
At the time, Skidmore noted that he first began investigating the unreported spending after he heard Fitts "refer to a report which indicated the Army had $6.5 trillion in unsupported adjustments, or spending, in fiscal 2015."
"Given the Army’s $122 billion budget, that meant unsupported adjustments were 54 times spending authorized by Congress. Typically, such adjustments in public budgets are only a small fraction of authorized spending," the report noted.
Former Bush Housing Official, Catherine Austin Fitts, who worked in George H. W. Bush's administration, has made a shocking allegation that the U.S. government has secretly spent $21 trillion building an underground "city" in preparation for a "catastrophe."
Fitts served as Bush's assistant secretary of Housing and Urban Development between 1989 and 1990.
Initially, Skidmore said he thought Fitts had made a mistake, stating that he assumed she had meant to say $6.5 billion, not trillion.
“So I found the report myself and sure enough it was $6.5 trillion," he said.
According to Fitts, who worked as an investment banker before joining Bush's administration, that money was used to fund the development of what she described as an "underground base, city infrastructure and transportation system" that has been kept hidden from the public.
"One of the things I've looked at in the process of looking at where all this money is going is the underground base, city infrastructure, and transportation system that's been built," she said.
"We have built an extraordinary number of underground bases and, supposedly, transportation systems."
She told Carlson that she spent two years researching where the $21 trillion had gone, alleging that she uncovered evidence that there are 170 secret facilities in the U.S. alone, explaining that she and a team of investigators combed through "all the data and all the allegations on underground bases" in order to make a "guess" as to how many might exist.
Additionally, Fitts alleged that several of these bases are located beneath oceans—not just underground.
"We systematically went through and tried to guess estimate our guess—this is totally a guess—of how many underground bases [there are], both underground in the United States, but also underground under the ocean around the United States.
"And our estimate was 170 with a transportation network connecting them," she said.
When Carlson asked what the "purpose" of these underground bases is, Fitts responded that they would be used if a "near-extinction event" was believed to be on the horizon.
Tucker Carlson alleged to Fitts that he knew a contractor who worked on one of the underground facilities.
The shocking claims were made months after a company unveiled plans to build a $300 million luxury, members-only doomsday bunker in Virginia.
However, she added that she believes these so-called bases could also be used by the government to carry out "secret" projects, such as a "secret space program."
Carlson responded by claiming that he actually knew "a contractor who worked on one in Washington, D.C.," stating: "I remember him telling me about a power box, like a transformer box, on Constitution Avenue. ... He told me [that] was actually the exit, the egress from the White House.
"And I thought, that's kind of crazy in the middle of this big city where I live ... you could build something like that without me knowing it."
Carlson said he had always assumed that those kinds of bases were only located in D.C.—and that they were meant specifically for some kind of "nuclear war," to which Fitts responded: "Some of it is. It's preparation for catastrophe."
As for how these alleged cities and facilities are powered, Fitts said she believes the government has found a way to generate breakthrough energy that she believes is being used to keep them going.
"I'm convinced that this energy exists. If you look at a lot of the really fast ships, flying around the planet, they're not using classical electricity," she claimed.
Fitts' controversial claims come just a few months after a Virginia-based company called SAFE (Strategically Armored & Fortified Environments), unveiled plans for a $300 million luxury, members-only doomsday bunker called "Aerie."
The company says the facility will offer "AI-powered" medical care, "wellness programs," and the ability to "blend protection and luxury" in a way that has never been done before.
SAFE says it planned to build the bunkers—which will cost each entrant a $20 million membership fee—in all 50 states, but was going to construct the first in Virginia because of its proximity to D.C.
"It's the wealthiest state per capita," a company spokesperson previously told Realtor.com®. "It's ground zero for the finest demographic for something like this in the world."
Underground Bases, Cities and Transportation
Tucker Carlson and Samantha Fitts
Catherine Fitts: Power Grids, Bankers Vs. The West, Secret Underground Bases and Extinction Events
Full Interview
April 29, 2025
Former Bush administration official Catherine Austin Fitts on how America’s leaders gave up on the country in the 1990s, began stealing trillions and built a digital prison to control the population.
BY CHARLIE LANKSTON
MAY 3, 2025
A former housing official who worked under President George H. W. Bush has made an astonishing claim that the U.S. government spent years funneling money into the creation of a secret underground "city" where the rich and powerful can shelter in the event of a "near-extinction event."
Catherine Austin Fitts, who served as the assistant secretary of Housing and Urban Development for Housing between 1989 and 1990, made the shocking allegations during an appearance on former Fox News host Tucker Carlson's podcast, although there is no concrete evidence to support her claims.
Fitts, 74, who is originally from Philadelphia, cited research by Michigan State University economist Mark Skidmore, who released a report in 2017 stating that he and a team of scholars had uncovered $21 trillion in "unauthorized spending in the departments of Defense and Housing and Urban Development for the years 1998-2015."
At the time, Skidmore noted that he first began investigating the unreported spending after he heard Fitts "refer to a report which indicated the Army had $6.5 trillion in unsupported adjustments, or spending, in fiscal 2015."
"Given the Army’s $122 billion budget, that meant unsupported adjustments were 54 times spending authorized by Congress. Typically, such adjustments in public budgets are only a small fraction of authorized spending," the report noted.
Former Bush Housing Official, Catherine Austin Fitts, who worked in George H. W. Bush's administration, has made a shocking allegation that the U.S. government has secretly spent $21 trillion building an underground "city" in preparation for a "catastrophe."
Fitts served as Bush's assistant secretary of Housing and Urban Development between 1989 and 1990.
Initially, Skidmore said he thought Fitts had made a mistake, stating that he assumed she had meant to say $6.5 billion, not trillion.
“So I found the report myself and sure enough it was $6.5 trillion," he said.
According to Fitts, who worked as an investment banker before joining Bush's administration, that money was used to fund the development of what she described as an "underground base, city infrastructure and transportation system" that has been kept hidden from the public.
"One of the things I've looked at in the process of looking at where all this money is going is the underground base, city infrastructure, and transportation system that's been built," she said.
"We have built an extraordinary number of underground bases and, supposedly, transportation systems."
She told Carlson that she spent two years researching where the $21 trillion had gone, alleging that she uncovered evidence that there are 170 secret facilities in the U.S. alone, explaining that she and a team of investigators combed through "all the data and all the allegations on underground bases" in order to make a "guess" as to how many might exist.
Additionally, Fitts alleged that several of these bases are located beneath oceans—not just underground.
"We systematically went through and tried to guess estimate our guess—this is totally a guess—of how many underground bases [there are], both underground in the United States, but also underground under the ocean around the United States.
"And our estimate was 170 with a transportation network connecting them," she said.
When Carlson asked what the "purpose" of these underground bases is, Fitts responded that they would be used if a "near-extinction event" was believed to be on the horizon.
Tucker Carlson alleged to Fitts that he knew a contractor who worked on one of the underground facilities.
The shocking claims were made months after a company unveiled plans to build a $300 million luxury, members-only doomsday bunker in Virginia.
However, she added that she believes these so-called bases could also be used by the government to carry out "secret" projects, such as a "secret space program."
Carlson responded by claiming that he actually knew "a contractor who worked on one in Washington, D.C.," stating: "I remember him telling me about a power box, like a transformer box, on Constitution Avenue. ... He told me [that] was actually the exit, the egress from the White House.
"And I thought, that's kind of crazy in the middle of this big city where I live ... you could build something like that without me knowing it."
Carlson said he had always assumed that those kinds of bases were only located in D.C.—and that they were meant specifically for some kind of "nuclear war," to which Fitts responded: "Some of it is. It's preparation for catastrophe."
As for how these alleged cities and facilities are powered, Fitts said she believes the government has found a way to generate breakthrough energy that she believes is being used to keep them going.
"I'm convinced that this energy exists. If you look at a lot of the really fast ships, flying around the planet, they're not using classical electricity," she claimed.
Fitts' controversial claims come just a few months after a Virginia-based company called SAFE (Strategically Armored & Fortified Environments), unveiled plans for a $300 million luxury, members-only doomsday bunker called "Aerie."
The company says the facility will offer "AI-powered" medical care, "wellness programs," and the ability to "blend protection and luxury" in a way that has never been done before.
SAFE says it planned to build the bunkers—which will cost each entrant a $20 million membership fee—in all 50 states, but was going to construct the first in Virginia because of its proximity to D.C.
"It's the wealthiest state per capita," a company spokesperson previously told Realtor.com®. "It's ground zero for the finest demographic for something like this in the world."
Underground Bases, Cities and Transportation
Tucker Carlson and Samantha Fitts
Catherine Fitts: Power Grids, Bankers Vs. The West, Secret Underground Bases and Extinction Events
Full Interview
April 29, 2025
Former Bush administration official Catherine Austin Fitts on how America’s leaders gave up on the country in the 1990s, began stealing trillions and built a digital prison to control the population.
If you wondering what Elon Musk and his DOGE Minions are up to.
This should give you an idea….
CHINA’S SOCIAL CREDIT SYSTEM
China’s Social Credit System — National High School Ethics Bowl
On June 14, 2014, China’s State Council announced a plan to establish a social credit system, which would assign “social credit scores” to citizens based on their behavior. Chinese State Council say being rewarded for good behavior will make citizens want to be better, but critics view this as an inThe Chinese Social Credit System: What to Know as a Business Owner
China is a great choice for any organization looking to expand its business abroad.China’s complex social credit system evolves with 23 new guidelines from Beijing
Guidelines also establish ‘seriously discredited entities’ list for specific sectors – and those on the list could face restrictions or bans on issuing stocks and bonds.
On June 14, 2014, China’s State Council announced a plan to establish a social credit system, which would assign “social credit scores” to citizens based on their behavior [1]. A citizen’s social credit score goes up based on socially desirable actions, like paying taxes or purchasing Chinese products; it declines if a person engages in behaviors that the State Council deems dishonest or otherwise problematic, such as committing crimes or making negative statements about the government. Access to social benefits, like receiving a home loan or travelling on an airplane, would be partly determined by one’s social credit score. With this social credit system, the Chinese government aims to create a more honest and harmonious society.
The Chinese State Council postulates that if citizens are rewarded for good behavior and punished for bad behavior, then people will want to act better. Citizens in China are already seeing the positive effects of this system. As one Chinese citizen explained, “I feel like in the past six months, people’s behavior has gotten better and better . . . For example, when we drive, now we always stop in front of crosswalks. If you don’t stop, you will lose your points. At first, we just worried about losing points, but now we got used to it”. When there are negative consequences, people may think twice about engaging in bad or illegal activities. Over time, when citizens of a society are following laws and acting honestly, the society as a whole becomes just, fair, and peaceful.
Critics, however, regard it as an invasion of privacy and personal freedom. One concern is that the ability for the government to assign these ratings is dependent on China’s increasingly dense network of surveillance cameras and the advancement of artificial intelligence technology. Additionally, some critics argue that the system has flaws and may be subject to error or even abuse by the government. For example, the social credit score of Liu Hu, a Chinese journalist, placed him on the untrustworthy list, and as a result, he was prohibited from flying, buying a home, and sending his child to private school. His low score was due to a series of tweets that the government did not approve of. According to Liu, “You feel you're being controlled by the list all the time”. Critics on the international stage worry that policies like China’s will spread.
For example, Tyler Grant has argued that “[t]he free world is not far behind if we don’t protect privacy, deny our policymakers’ desire to expand the reach of government, and resist the urge to commercially or socially punish those who don't share our political ideology. Privacy and liberty are never more than one generation away from extinction” [6]. Finally, some people might be concerned that by generating external incentives to engage in pro-social behaviors, programs like this actually undermine intrinsic moral motivation, making people less likely to do the right thing for the right reason.
China Ranks ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Citizens With Social Credit’ System
In China, where millions of people have their faces scanned on a daily basis, authorities are developing a so-called "social credit" system. Citizens’ behavior is monitored and scrutinised – they are given scores and ranked according to rules set by the government. "Model" citizens enjoy perks such as reduced bus fares, but those with low scores lose certain rights and are blacklisted.
It has begun…
Has Big Brother arrived? Inside the secretive Trump effort to centralize government data on millions of Americans
Effort spans key agencies, including Homeland Security, the IRS, and Social Security
Josh Marcus
31 May 2025
Has Big Brother arrived? Trump’s secret effort to gather government data on millions
Effort spans key agencies, including Homeland Security, the IRS, and Social Security
www.independent.co.uk
The campaign has raised alarms from critics that the company could be furthering Musk’s DOGE effort to vacuum up and potentially weaponize – or sell – mass amounts of sensitive personal data, particularly against vulnerable groups like immigrants and political dissidents.
In March, the president signed an executive order dedicated to “stopping waste, fraud, and abuse by eliminating information silos,” a euphemism for pooling vast stores of data on Americans under the federal government.
To carry out the data effort, the administration has deepened the federal government’s longstanding partnership with Palantir, a tech firm specializing in building big data applications, which was co-founded by Silicon Valley investor, GOP donor, and JD Vance mentor Peter Thiel.
Since Trump took office, the administration has reportedly spent more than $113 million with Palantir through new and existing contracts, while the company is slated to begin work on a new $795 million deal with the Defense Department.
DOGE has reportedly sought to centralize data at key agencies
Palantir is reportedly working with the administration in the Pentagon, the Department of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and the Internal Revenue Service, according to The New York Times.
Within these agencies, the firm is reportedly building tools to track the movement of migrants in real time and streamline all tax data.
The company is also reportedly in talks about deploying its technology at the Social Security Administration and the Department of Education, both of which have been targets of DOGE, and which store sensitive information about Americans’ identities and finances.
Donald Trump shakes the hand of Palantir founder Peter Thiel during a meeting in 2016.
“We act as a data processor, not a data controller,” the company insisted in response to the Times report. “Our software and services are used under direction from the organizations that license our products. These organizations define what can and cannot be done with their data; they control the Palantir accounts in which analysis is conducted.”
The Trump administration has reportedly pursued a variety of efforts to use big data to support its priorities, including social media surveillance of immigrants to detect alleged pro-terror views, and American activists who disagree wit Donal Trump’s views..
Earlier this month, a group of former Palantir employees warned in an open letter that the company was “normalizing authoritarianism under the guise of a ‘revolution’ led by oligarchs.”
“By supporting Trump’s administration, Elon Musk’s DOGE initiative, and dangerous expansions of executive power, they have abandoned their responsibility and are in violation of Palantir’s Code of Conduct,” the employees wrote.
Previous reporting from CNN and WIRED has described efforts at the Department of Homeland Security to build mass data tools to support tracking and surveilling undocumented immigrants, a key priority for the White House as deportations still aren’t reaching levels necessary to meet Trump’s promise of rapidly removing millions of people from the country.
The effort has involved merging data from outside agencies like Social Security and the IRS, according to WIRED.
Elon Musk and Palantir CEO Alex Karp at the "AI Insight Forum" on Capitol Hill in 2023.
“They are trying to amass a huge amount of data,” a senior DHS official told the magazine. “It has nothing to do with finding fraud or wasteful spending … They are already cross-referencing immigration with SSA and IRS, as well as voter data.”
Since Trump took office, DOGE operatives, many of whom are unknown to the public nor have been vetted, have rapidly sought access to data at key agencies, including the Departments of Education and the Treasury, as well as the Social Security Administration, often over the objections of senior staff.
The efforts have prompted scores of lawsuits against DOGE.
At Social Security, the administration also moved thousands of living, mostly Latino undocumented immigrants into the agency’s “Death Master File” in an attempt to pressure them to leave the country.
DOGE itself is reportedly under audit for its action by the Government Accountability Office, a federal watchdog.
An April letter from Democrats on the House Oversight Committee warned of DOGE’s “extreme negligence and an alarmingly cavalier attitude” toward sensitive data. It claimed a whistleblower had described how “DOGE engineers have tried to create specialized computers for themselves that simultaneously give full access to networks and databases across different agencies.”
The “whistleblower information obtained by the Committee, combined with public reporting, paints a picture of chaos at SSA [Social Security Administration] as DOGE is rapidly, haphazardly, and unlawfully working to implement changes that could disrupt Social Security payments and expose Americans’ sensitive data,” the letter reads.”
The Mysterious "Lost Cosmonaut" Recording
In 1961, two amateur Italian radio engineers recorded what many believe to be the voice of a female cosmonaut burning up on re-entry. If real, this would have been the first woman in space.
In 1961, two amateur Italian radio engineers recorded what many believe to be the voice of a female cosmonaut burning up on re-entry. If real, this would have been the first woman in space.
United States of Secrets: Part One (full documentary) | FRONTLINE
FRONTLINE tells the inside story of the U.S. government’s massive and controversial secret surveillance program that began in the wake of September 11 -- and the lengths they went to trying to keep it hidden from the public. (Aired 2014)
From the investigative team behind FRONTLINE’s award-winning “Money, Power & Wall Street,” comes the definitive history of domestic surveillance in a post-9/11 world. In part one of this two part series, FRONTLINE filmmaker Michael Kirk pieces together the secret political history of “The Program,” which began in the wake of Sept. 11 and continues today — even after the revelations of its existence by Edward Snowden.
United States of Secrets: Part Two (full documentary) | FRONTLINE
In part two of this two part series, FRONTLINE explores the secret relationship between Silicon Valley and the National Security Agency, investigating how the U.S. government and tech companies worked together to gather and warehouse personal data. (Aired 2014)
How did big tech companies react when the government asked them to turn over data on millions of ordinary American citizens? And what do companies like Google, Facebook and Yahoo! really know about you? FRONTLINE Producer Martin Smith ("Money, Power and Wall Street" and "Obama's War") investigates the ways Silicon Valley has played a role in the NSA’s dragnet, and blurred the boundaries of privacy for us all.
FRONTLINE tells the inside story of the U.S. government’s massive and controversial secret surveillance program that began in the wake of September 11 -- and the lengths they went to trying to keep it hidden from the public. (Aired 2014)
From the investigative team behind FRONTLINE’s award-winning “Money, Power & Wall Street,” comes the definitive history of domestic surveillance in a post-9/11 world. In part one of this two part series, FRONTLINE filmmaker Michael Kirk pieces together the secret political history of “The Program,” which began in the wake of Sept. 11 and continues today — even after the revelations of its existence by Edward Snowden.
United States of Secrets: Part Two (full documentary) | FRONTLINE
In part two of this two part series, FRONTLINE explores the secret relationship between Silicon Valley and the National Security Agency, investigating how the U.S. government and tech companies worked together to gather and warehouse personal data. (Aired 2014)
How did big tech companies react when the government asked them to turn over data on millions of ordinary American citizens? And what do companies like Google, Facebook and Yahoo! really know about you? FRONTLINE Producer Martin Smith ("Money, Power and Wall Street" and "Obama's War") investigates the ways Silicon Valley has played a role in the NSA’s dragnet, and blurred the boundaries of privacy for us all.
US Government Documents on UFO Technology Prior To 1948
Part One
majesticdocuments.com
Memo General George Marshall to President FDR. 27 February 1942
This is the memo that links the UFO crashes with the Los Angeles Air Raid of 1942, since it occurred only three days earlier. It alludes to “atomic secrets learned from study of celestial devices” and authorizes “Dr. Bush to proceed with the project without further delay.”
The reference to “this new wonder” is, to our knowledge, a unique phrase for the time.
The writing of Source S-2 shows at the bottom of the page. Authenticity, for a retyped memo like this, is nearly hopeless to prove in court. Format details might be of some help if they are consistent with the style of the time.
George C. Marshall to Franklin D. Roosevelt, 5 March 1942
On March 5, 1942, George C. Marshall writes a top-secret memo to the President, which states: “regarding the air raid over Los Angeles it was learned by Army G2 that Rear Admiral Anderson recovered an unidentified airplane off the coast of California with no bearing on conventional explanation… This Headquarters has come to the determination that the mystery airplanes are in fact not earthly and according to secret intelligence sources they are in all probability of interplanetary origin.”
Marshall goes on to state: “As a consequence I have issued orders to Army G2 that a special intelligence unit be created to further investigate the phenomenon and report any significant connection between recent incidents and those collected by the director the office of Coordinator of Information.”
The memo bears correct Office of Chief of Staff (OCS) file numbers and has “Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit” (IPU) typed on it at a later time by a different typewriter. It is logical to believe that this is the order that sets up the IPU.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Memo on Non-Terrestrial Science and Technology, 22 February 1944
On February 22, 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt writes a DOUBLE TOP SECRET memo on White House stationary for “The special committee on non-terrestrial science and technology.” Both the title and the content clearly allude to extraterrestrial life, the former using the word “non-terrestrial” and the latter talks about “coming to grips with the reality that our planet is not the only one harboring intelligent life the universe.”
Remarkably, the last four words are exactly the title of Sagan’s book co-authored with the Soviet scientist Shklovsky. Clearly the situation was that we had recovered at least one craft by then, probably the Cape Girardeau crash of 1941, and came to realize the wealth of technology that lay there for the pickings. Apparently the “Special Committee on Non-terrestrial Science and Technology” had been working some time in order to define a clear action.
Dr. Bush had presumably presented a proposal from the Committee for an aggressive separate program to apply “non-terrestrial know how” to the war effort, but FDR thought that it would threaten the atomic bomb program. Thus, he carefully avoids saying “no,” but says that we will “take every advantage of such wonders that have come to us” after we have won the war. Very gracious letter. The classification “double top secret” was a legitimate one.
We are currently (May 2000) requesting copies of similar correspondence from the Roosevelt Library for format and typography comparison. The signature, although not a strong discriminant, is consistent with other authentic signatures.
Oppenheimer-Einstein Draft, June 1947
This six-page document titled, “Relationships with Inhabitants of Celestial Bodies”, is the first document to use the phrase Extraterrestrial Biological Entities, or EBEs. It says the presence of unidentified spacecraft is accepted as de facto by the military – and this is dated June 1947.
It deals with the subjects that you would expect competent scientists to deal with – i.e., where do they come from, what does the law say about it, what should we do in the event of colonization and/or integration of peoples, and why are they here? The document suggests that in the event that EBE’s desire to settle here on earth there will be “profound change in traditional concepts” of law and the possible need for a new “Law Among Planetary Peoples.”
There is also propositions concerning the necessary creation of a “Cosmic International law” that would protect the rights of all celestial states to lay claim on otherwise unclaimed solar territories. Finally, the document addresses the presence of celestial astroplanes in our atmosphere as a result of actions of military experiments with fission and fusion devices of warfare.
The authors of this document encourage consideration of our potential future situation and safety due to our present and past actions in space. How can we avoid a perilous fate?
General Eisenhower Memo to Col. K. W. Ireland, 30 June 1947
In this one-page unclassified memo dated 30 June 1947, Eisenhower orders Col. K. W. Ireland to take good care of Archbishop Francis J. Spellman on his tour through New Mexico.
What seems unusual is President Truman’s personal involvement in this matter. The memo states: “By personal direction of the President of the United States, Archbishop Francis J. Spellman in his capacity as Military Vicar of the Armed Forces of the Army, Army Air Forces and the Navy, is making a tour of military bases in New Mexico, afterwards is making a trip over the routes of the Air Transport Command.”
It is strange that this is a classified trip, as evidenced by the following statement: “General Webster has assured me that the Archbishop will have complete security at all times and that his presence at any air field will not be disclosed as his flight schedule is considered classified by order of AC/AS General Vandenberg.”
Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit Field Order, 4 July 1947
This one page order directs the officer in charge (OIC) to take a counter intelligence team to the UFO crash site and report to the G2 (intelligence) at Condron Field, New Mexico, which, of course, is Roswell. OIC is to take along a non-commissioned OIC, an aeronautical engineer, a scientist, a security officer and a medical doctor, and to provide a report by the 28th of July.
Vannevar Bush Letter to President Truman, 5 July 1947
On July 5, 1947, possibly as a result of the New Mexico events, Vannevar Bush writes a memo to Truman recapping the status of the earlier investigations. As an apparent follow up by FDR to Bush, FDR wrote another letter (which we don’t have) in April 1944 requesting recommendations on four specific points.
This letter is Bush’s answer. It is presumed that the Top Secret/Eyes Only Operation Majestic-12 classification was added at a later date. The letter also shows an “OK” and a Harry Truman signature. This letter is stamped with the known authentic “original” stamp, and was probably produced by a typewriter because of the uniformity of letter spacing.
We expect to show, of course, that this format was commonly used by OSRD typewriters of the era. Bush restates the FDR questions for Truman’s benefit, mentions the assistance of distinguished committees, alludes to the “many meetings since the events of this summer,” transmits the full reports as appendices, and proposes a “single mechanism for implementing the recommendations of the several committees.”
Could this be one hugely classified program called “Majestic Twelve” at the end of the summer? The date of the letter, 5 July, was, of course, coincident with the recoveries going on in New Mexico at that very time. Harry Truman’s “OK” may have been prophetic.
Directive to General Twining by Eisenhower, 8 July 1947
On the 8th of July, Eisenhower got around to signing the authorization for General Nathan Twining, the head of the Air Materiel Command, to go to White Sands to “…make an appraisal of the reported unidentified objects being kept there.” With a team of experts, technicians, scientists and assistants, Twining was directed to not only appraise the unidentified object, but also to deal with the military, political, and psychological situation surrounding its existence in New Mexico.
Directive to General Twining by President Truman, 9 July 1947
On the 9th of July, Harry Truman signed a virtually identical letter authorizing Twining to re-visit White Sands to make another appraisal of the object being kept. It was desired that he “proceed with detachment from any opinions or feelings expressed by personnel involved which do not conform to sound reasoning with regard to possible outcome”. Someone apparently thought it was so important that the Commander-in-Chief put his name on the spot without “passing the buck.” Alternatively, Ike himself may have requested a “back-up” memo.
Air Accident Report by Twining to Headquarters, 16 July 1947
This three page bureaucratic report provides the first glimpses of Lt. General Nathan F. Twinning’s Air Accident Report originally published in Leonard Stringfield’s (now deceased) Status Report VII, in 1994.
Twining apparently describes in first order detail the inside of a “flying disc”, everything from the typewriter-like keys that control the propulsion system to a thirty-five foot doughnut shaped one-inch tube inside the craft filled with a clear substance and a coil of copper-like material.
Twining, engineers from Engineering Division T-3, scientific personnel from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and other educated experts report that the object was not manufactured by the US, Germany, or Russia for a variety of reasons including; lack of any known design resemblance, lack of external propulsion system and power plant, and the lack of Identifying markings and/or numbers.
The experts theorized about how the craft is powered, how it moves, and how and where it is controlled from, but there is no real knowledge beyond the theories. The inability for the experts to prove the object to be made in any of the advanced technological societies on earth is intriguing and thought provoking. The significance and consistency of the technical content has not been evaluated, although it is clear that the writing is consistent with 1947 state of the art, not modern.
Metallurgical Lab Personnel
Interesting list of metallurgical lab personnel as of July 17, 1947, that may have been unwittingly involved in analyzing and reverse engineering crashed wreckage.
Lt. Gen. Nathan Twining to Curtis LeMay: Meteorological R & D Memo, 18 July 1947
This two page memo from Lt General Nathan Twining to Curtis LeMay activates a new laboratory to conduct meteorological research and development and upper air research with the Electronics Subdivision of the Engineering Division of the AMC.
It states in part, “In view of the close relationship and interdependence of research in meteorology and research in electromagnetic compressional wave propagation, action is being taken to reorganize the present Applied Propagation Laboratory of Watson laboratories in the Atmospheric Laboratory, and expand its functions to include research and development in meteorology and related geophysical fields.”
Later the memo goes on to state that “funds requested for F.Y. 1949 Project 680-11, Atmospheric Research and applied scientific research of the upper atmosphere, a total sum of $6,000,000 has been specified” What a huge sum of money in 1949 to study the “upper atmosphere;” a more logical interpretation is that we are analyzing flying saucers, their technology, why they are here, and what are we going to do about it.
Counter Intelligence Corps/Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit Report, 22 July 1947
This seven page document by the Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit begins by saying “…the extraordinary recovery of fallen airborne objects in the State of New Mexico between 4 July and 6 July 1947.”
That’s the subject, and it goes on to state what the coordinates are, and other fascinating details of the recovery operations and discoveries. The most interesting being the discovery and basic detailed appearance of several bodies that were taken to the hospital at Roswell AAF and other near by hospitals (listed, but not disclosed for security reasons).
The conclusion arrived at by the team of experts was unclear because of the limitations of contemporary science and appropriate budgets for future investigation, but leans to the possibility of a very well orchestrated Hoax by US societal outsiders or that “our country has played host to beings from another planet.”
Part One
Documents Dated Prior to 1948 | Majestic Documents
Memo to George Marshall from FDR, 27 February 1942 (49k) This is the memo that links the UFO crashes with the Los Angeles Air Raid of 1942, since it occurred only three days earlier. It alludes to "atomic secrets learned from study of celestial devices" and authorizes "Dr. Bush to proceed with the
majesticdocuments.com
Memo General George Marshall to President FDR. 27 February 1942
This is the memo that links the UFO crashes with the Los Angeles Air Raid of 1942, since it occurred only three days earlier. It alludes to “atomic secrets learned from study of celestial devices” and authorizes “Dr. Bush to proceed with the project without further delay.”
The reference to “this new wonder” is, to our knowledge, a unique phrase for the time.
The writing of Source S-2 shows at the bottom of the page. Authenticity, for a retyped memo like this, is nearly hopeless to prove in court. Format details might be of some help if they are consistent with the style of the time.
George C. Marshall to Franklin D. Roosevelt, 5 March 1942
On March 5, 1942, George C. Marshall writes a top-secret memo to the President, which states: “regarding the air raid over Los Angeles it was learned by Army G2 that Rear Admiral Anderson recovered an unidentified airplane off the coast of California with no bearing on conventional explanation… This Headquarters has come to the determination that the mystery airplanes are in fact not earthly and according to secret intelligence sources they are in all probability of interplanetary origin.”
Marshall goes on to state: “As a consequence I have issued orders to Army G2 that a special intelligence unit be created to further investigate the phenomenon and report any significant connection between recent incidents and those collected by the director the office of Coordinator of Information.”
The memo bears correct Office of Chief of Staff (OCS) file numbers and has “Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit” (IPU) typed on it at a later time by a different typewriter. It is logical to believe that this is the order that sets up the IPU.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Memo on Non-Terrestrial Science and Technology, 22 February 1944
On February 22, 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt writes a DOUBLE TOP SECRET memo on White House stationary for “The special committee on non-terrestrial science and technology.” Both the title and the content clearly allude to extraterrestrial life, the former using the word “non-terrestrial” and the latter talks about “coming to grips with the reality that our planet is not the only one harboring intelligent life the universe.”
Remarkably, the last four words are exactly the title of Sagan’s book co-authored with the Soviet scientist Shklovsky. Clearly the situation was that we had recovered at least one craft by then, probably the Cape Girardeau crash of 1941, and came to realize the wealth of technology that lay there for the pickings. Apparently the “Special Committee on Non-terrestrial Science and Technology” had been working some time in order to define a clear action.
Dr. Bush had presumably presented a proposal from the Committee for an aggressive separate program to apply “non-terrestrial know how” to the war effort, but FDR thought that it would threaten the atomic bomb program. Thus, he carefully avoids saying “no,” but says that we will “take every advantage of such wonders that have come to us” after we have won the war. Very gracious letter. The classification “double top secret” was a legitimate one.
We are currently (May 2000) requesting copies of similar correspondence from the Roosevelt Library for format and typography comparison. The signature, although not a strong discriminant, is consistent with other authentic signatures.
Oppenheimer-Einstein Draft, June 1947
This six-page document titled, “Relationships with Inhabitants of Celestial Bodies”, is the first document to use the phrase Extraterrestrial Biological Entities, or EBEs. It says the presence of unidentified spacecraft is accepted as de facto by the military – and this is dated June 1947.
It deals with the subjects that you would expect competent scientists to deal with – i.e., where do they come from, what does the law say about it, what should we do in the event of colonization and/or integration of peoples, and why are they here? The document suggests that in the event that EBE’s desire to settle here on earth there will be “profound change in traditional concepts” of law and the possible need for a new “Law Among Planetary Peoples.”
There is also propositions concerning the necessary creation of a “Cosmic International law” that would protect the rights of all celestial states to lay claim on otherwise unclaimed solar territories. Finally, the document addresses the presence of celestial astroplanes in our atmosphere as a result of actions of military experiments with fission and fusion devices of warfare.
The authors of this document encourage consideration of our potential future situation and safety due to our present and past actions in space. How can we avoid a perilous fate?
General Eisenhower Memo to Col. K. W. Ireland, 30 June 1947
In this one-page unclassified memo dated 30 June 1947, Eisenhower orders Col. K. W. Ireland to take good care of Archbishop Francis J. Spellman on his tour through New Mexico.
What seems unusual is President Truman’s personal involvement in this matter. The memo states: “By personal direction of the President of the United States, Archbishop Francis J. Spellman in his capacity as Military Vicar of the Armed Forces of the Army, Army Air Forces and the Navy, is making a tour of military bases in New Mexico, afterwards is making a trip over the routes of the Air Transport Command.”
It is strange that this is a classified trip, as evidenced by the following statement: “General Webster has assured me that the Archbishop will have complete security at all times and that his presence at any air field will not be disclosed as his flight schedule is considered classified by order of AC/AS General Vandenberg.”
Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit Field Order, 4 July 1947
This one page order directs the officer in charge (OIC) to take a counter intelligence team to the UFO crash site and report to the G2 (intelligence) at Condron Field, New Mexico, which, of course, is Roswell. OIC is to take along a non-commissioned OIC, an aeronautical engineer, a scientist, a security officer and a medical doctor, and to provide a report by the 28th of July.
Vannevar Bush Letter to President Truman, 5 July 1947
On July 5, 1947, possibly as a result of the New Mexico events, Vannevar Bush writes a memo to Truman recapping the status of the earlier investigations. As an apparent follow up by FDR to Bush, FDR wrote another letter (which we don’t have) in April 1944 requesting recommendations on four specific points.
This letter is Bush’s answer. It is presumed that the Top Secret/Eyes Only Operation Majestic-12 classification was added at a later date. The letter also shows an “OK” and a Harry Truman signature. This letter is stamped with the known authentic “original” stamp, and was probably produced by a typewriter because of the uniformity of letter spacing.
We expect to show, of course, that this format was commonly used by OSRD typewriters of the era. Bush restates the FDR questions for Truman’s benefit, mentions the assistance of distinguished committees, alludes to the “many meetings since the events of this summer,” transmits the full reports as appendices, and proposes a “single mechanism for implementing the recommendations of the several committees.”
Could this be one hugely classified program called “Majestic Twelve” at the end of the summer? The date of the letter, 5 July, was, of course, coincident with the recoveries going on in New Mexico at that very time. Harry Truman’s “OK” may have been prophetic.
Directive to General Twining by Eisenhower, 8 July 1947
On the 8th of July, Eisenhower got around to signing the authorization for General Nathan Twining, the head of the Air Materiel Command, to go to White Sands to “…make an appraisal of the reported unidentified objects being kept there.” With a team of experts, technicians, scientists and assistants, Twining was directed to not only appraise the unidentified object, but also to deal with the military, political, and psychological situation surrounding its existence in New Mexico.
Directive to General Twining by President Truman, 9 July 1947
On the 9th of July, Harry Truman signed a virtually identical letter authorizing Twining to re-visit White Sands to make another appraisal of the object being kept. It was desired that he “proceed with detachment from any opinions or feelings expressed by personnel involved which do not conform to sound reasoning with regard to possible outcome”. Someone apparently thought it was so important that the Commander-in-Chief put his name on the spot without “passing the buck.” Alternatively, Ike himself may have requested a “back-up” memo.
Air Accident Report by Twining to Headquarters, 16 July 1947
This three page bureaucratic report provides the first glimpses of Lt. General Nathan F. Twinning’s Air Accident Report originally published in Leonard Stringfield’s (now deceased) Status Report VII, in 1994.
Twining apparently describes in first order detail the inside of a “flying disc”, everything from the typewriter-like keys that control the propulsion system to a thirty-five foot doughnut shaped one-inch tube inside the craft filled with a clear substance and a coil of copper-like material.
Twining, engineers from Engineering Division T-3, scientific personnel from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and other educated experts report that the object was not manufactured by the US, Germany, or Russia for a variety of reasons including; lack of any known design resemblance, lack of external propulsion system and power plant, and the lack of Identifying markings and/or numbers.
The experts theorized about how the craft is powered, how it moves, and how and where it is controlled from, but there is no real knowledge beyond the theories. The inability for the experts to prove the object to be made in any of the advanced technological societies on earth is intriguing and thought provoking. The significance and consistency of the technical content has not been evaluated, although it is clear that the writing is consistent with 1947 state of the art, not modern.
Metallurgical Lab Personnel
Interesting list of metallurgical lab personnel as of July 17, 1947, that may have been unwittingly involved in analyzing and reverse engineering crashed wreckage.
Lt. Gen. Nathan Twining to Curtis LeMay: Meteorological R & D Memo, 18 July 1947
This two page memo from Lt General Nathan Twining to Curtis LeMay activates a new laboratory to conduct meteorological research and development and upper air research with the Electronics Subdivision of the Engineering Division of the AMC.
It states in part, “In view of the close relationship and interdependence of research in meteorology and research in electromagnetic compressional wave propagation, action is being taken to reorganize the present Applied Propagation Laboratory of Watson laboratories in the Atmospheric Laboratory, and expand its functions to include research and development in meteorology and related geophysical fields.”
Later the memo goes on to state that “funds requested for F.Y. 1949 Project 680-11, Atmospheric Research and applied scientific research of the upper atmosphere, a total sum of $6,000,000 has been specified” What a huge sum of money in 1949 to study the “upper atmosphere;” a more logical interpretation is that we are analyzing flying saucers, their technology, why they are here, and what are we going to do about it.
Counter Intelligence Corps/Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit Report, 22 July 1947
This seven page document by the Interplanetary Phenomenon Unit begins by saying “…the extraordinary recovery of fallen airborne objects in the State of New Mexico between 4 July and 6 July 1947.”
That’s the subject, and it goes on to state what the coordinates are, and other fascinating details of the recovery operations and discoveries. The most interesting being the discovery and basic detailed appearance of several bodies that were taken to the hospital at Roswell AAF and other near by hospitals (listed, but not disclosed for security reasons).
The conclusion arrived at by the team of experts was unclear because of the limitations of contemporary science and appropriate budgets for future investigation, but leans to the possibility of a very well orchestrated Hoax by US societal outsiders or that “our country has played host to beings from another planet.”
US Government Documents on UFO Technology Prior To 1948
Part 2
CWO Marcrau Memo to Commanding General Army Air Forces, 12 August 1947
This one page memo discusses the control of Restricted Data, which was used for both atomic activities and alien activities stemming from the New Mexico events.
Cantwheel, the alleged source of much of these new documents, typed on the bottom of the document, “SAC wanted to keep certain AAF personnel from accessing the out-going messages from Roswell AAF to SAC headquarters that would identify AAF personnel responsible for the transport of classified material to Wright Field, and the personnel who were responsible for disposition of the wreckage and bodies found near Socorro and Corona, New Mexico.”
Flying Saucer Analytical Report, 2 September 1947
This two-page Top Secret MAJIC Eyes Only report to General C. P. Cabell and commanding General of the Air Materiel Command from the Research and Development Laboratory is dated 2 September 1947. It provides a credible glimpse into the problems that faced the first analytical team to examine real crashed extraterrestrial hardware.
Here are some quotes: “some nation has reached a stage of flight development in which the present ideas are entirely obsolete” and “the absence of riveting and surface over-lapping indicates a “‘simplistic’ concept that confronts our technology to match the “‘careful and well-considered compromises in respect to weight, aerodynamic refinement and design.'”
A general description of the flying saucer craft is presented including a host of historically accurate AISI metallurgical tests. The research team did have success in identifying some control surfaces and exhaust ports and concluded the spherical reactor (hydrogen isotope type) was connected to propulsion motors.
Hillenkoetter Memo to Joint Intelligence Committee, 19 September 1947
The title of this document is “Memorandum for the Military Assessment of the Joint Intelligence Committee.” And for those of you paying special attention, you’ll notice that the acronym is MAJIC, which in fact turned out to be the code word selected. The four paragraphs say we need a classified intelligence project; we recovered one craft, captured one.
It says no coordinated scientific examination is possible until we get a clear directive from the president. It also says Wright Field has a new biological laboratory, the Joint Research and Development Board and the FBI, MI5, MI6 are helping.
Twining’s “White Hot” Report: Mission Assessment of Recovered Lenticular Aerodyne Objects, 19 September 1947
“No one, without express permission from the President, may disseminate the information contained in this report or communicate it to any unauthorized person not possessing MAJIC SECURITY CLEARANCE.” The White Hot report is a 19-page document, dated 19 September 1947 and signed by an appropriate cadre of military leaders on 24 September 1947.
Several accounts of individual pilots were reported in 1947 with varying details that make each encounter a unique piece in a puzzle of phenomenon. In this particular year, sightings were reported “not only in the United States, but also in Sweden, Germany, Holland, Paraguay, Scandinavia, Greece, and by ships at sea.” Studied by classified teams of experts, many interesting and provocative details were recorded in this report of unidentifiable crash remains.
The document is broken down into various sections that address concerns specifically: Preliminary Intelligence Estimate, Technical Evaluation, Scientific Probabilities, Political Considerations, and National Security Structure. In the preliminary estimate, experts of the AMC and ONR speculate that “the unidentified lenticular-shaped aerodynelacking conventional wing, fuselage, nacelle, control, and fuel systems” is not only foreign to United States technology, but is also unlikely to be of Russian origin, or for that matter, unlikely to have been designed to operate within the earth’s atmosphere.
Several bodies were discovered along with the material of the crash, their existence and death just as mysterious as the cause of the crash itself. More interesting than these basic facts is the evidence that suggests “a symbionic relationship between operator and the functions of the aerodyne’s operation.”
This particular leaked governmental document has a plethora of factual information linked to the retrieval and appraisal of the evidence collected from the recovered exhibits that “AMC, ASP, NEAP, ACE, ONR, NACKA, JED, RAND, USAF, SAG, and MIT, are deemed extraterrestrial in nature.” The White Hot report not only covers the factual evidence of the retrieval, but also sheds light on a number of conceptual concerns surrounding politics, National Security, nuclear weaponry, and the reasons behind keeping knowledge of this nature out of the public’s grasp indefinitely.
It concludes, for the well being of the public, of course, and the protection of national security, that “the US must be perceived as being the top of the heap, and every effort must be made to insure that there is, and never has been, a threat to the country.”
Malcolm Grow to Lt. Gen. Twining – Aero Medical Laboratory, 20 September 1947
Brig. Gen. Malcolm C. Grow writes a two page memo for General Twining describing the preliminary results of the post-mortem examination of the Air Accident Reportfiled 17 July 1947 (see above). Note the wide-ranging distribution list from people like Dr. Detlev Bronk and Dr. Randolph Lovelace to the AAF Scientific Advisory Group and Intelligence Departments.
This perfunctory preliminary report is clear in its references to a UFO: “Collision in full flight with object other than conventional aircraft,” “Artifacts collected and assembled indicate that the unidentified aircraft,” “The functions of the instruments found in the cockpit area are unknown at present; so there is no way to determine if the craft was manned or remotely controlled.”
Lt. Col. Tucker Memo to Office of Air Surgeon, 22 September 1947
A bureaucratic memo with excellent checkable references discusses an Analysis of Factors Contributing to “Pilot-Error” Experiences in Operating Experimental Aircraft Controls written by Lt. Col. Tucker. Tucker and his correct period phone extension, memo format, and writing style have been verified in the National Archives. Tucker was part of the Aero Medical Laboratory, Psychological Branch. It discusses two incidents on 25 March and 4 July 1947 about S-Aircraft (PF) and interactions with symbolic instrumentation with tactile manipulation of flight controls.
Secretary of State Marshall, Memo to The President, 24 September 1947
Marshall writes a memo to the President concerning the “Presentation of Report to the President Re; ULAT” dated September 24, 1947 that expresses concern about the timing of the internal release of this report. “It would be better to discuss the report during the meeting (National Security Council).
This would give the members a better picture of the situation rather than having it released piecemeal.” Marshall goes on to say, “I further suggest that Twining present the findings of the Majestic-12 briefing to be given be the Director of Central Intelligence with a detailed showing of visual as well as written materials.” File references, format, and signatures suggest authenticity.
President Truman to Secretary of Defense James Forrestal, 24 September 1947
So, five days later, President Truman, in that busy week of the 24th of September, 1947, decided that he would sign this document, which says, “Hereafter this matter shall be referred to only as Operation Majestic Twelve.” Unfortunately, researcher Stanton Friedman found another memo, with a nearly identical signature in this same week signed by Truman to Dr. Bush. How can that be? See the Authentication section for a possible answer.
Memo to General Spaatz, 25 September 1947 (with Cantwheel commentsl; retyped copy)
This one page unclassified memo dated 25 September 1947 is directed to General Spaatz. It voices concern about the quality of the briefing given that day and wants the presentation package improved for the National Security Council (NSC) meeting the following day. Cantwheel’s comments typed in capital letters at the bottom sum up the sentiment,
“The Secretary of Defense was unhappy with briefing of the AMC and R&D; briefing officers and Symington wanted Bush and Twining to meet with Truman before NSC meeting on the 26th so that a more concise and explainable report of the discovery would be made.”
Secretary of State Marshall to President Truman, 25 September 1947
This memo was signed top secret, MAJIC eyes only. It says “cryptographic (misspelled in original) security does not apply,” thereby revealing that this subject would normally be encrypted, but to expedite it they did not. The memo says that no indication of its contents is to be divulged to the public, referring to Twinning’s White Hot report discussed earlier.
So this is Marshall telling Humelsine, the secretary to President Truman, to make sure that Truman realizes that he’s not going to let anything out to the public, and even suggests a “cover story.” The similarity of the handwriting to that in other documents poses an authentication challenge.
Twining’s Report to The President, Parts I-V, 26 September 1947
General Nathan Twining writes to the President on 26 September 1947 and respectfully submits his report on Flying Saucers. This is “In accordance with your instructions, advisors from State, Treasury, War, and Navy departments assisted me in a two month exploratory mission concerning the reality of other-world visitation.” The memo is impressive for its authentic looking pentagon Joint Chiefs of Staff and Combined Chiefs of Staff filing references along with clear older sized paper markings.
Secretary of State George C. Marshall to Carl Humelsine, 27 September 1947
On 27 September 1947 George C. Marshall writes to his Executive secretary Carl Humelsine about the tragic consequences if the present rumors about New Mexico events are disclosed to the public. Humelsine is resistant to sign an agreement to remain quiet concerning these events because he has already heard about them through other sources.
The memo states in part, “(a) you are unwilling to commit yourself to any agreement regarding not communicating its contents to any other person in view of the fact that you felt you already knew certain of the things probably referred to in the memo, as suggested to you by seeing the security reference ‘MAJIC’ and b) you could not feel that such a letter as this could have been addressed to you without the knowledge of the President.”
This ozalid (early carbon duplication) printing process memo is authentic for the era and would be difficult to fake.
“Unidentified Aircraft Sightings Over the United States,” Top Secret Eyes Only Intelligence Estimate, 30 September 1947
This presidential briefing document is an intelligence estimate dated September 30, 1947 titled “Unidentified Aircraft Sighting Over the United States.” Prepared by the Special Studies and Evaluation State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee and the Office of National Estimates Central Intelligence Agency. It references both a TS Control No. 7300405, NSA authority and a NSCID (National Security Council Intelligence Directive) 6 Authority, NIA Directive.
The six page Top Secret Eyes Only covers essential elements of information, however, no discussion of wreckage, alien bodies etc., after all the briefing is about unidentified aircraft sightings. Main headings are: estimates of Soviet capabilities, domestic capabilities, estimate of the situation, estimates of interplanetary capabilities, and conclusions. The estimate of the situation and interplanetary capabilities make for very interesting reading.
The document is retyped and Source S-2 has handwritten at the bottom this is the best version available. It is allegedly annotated by Harry Truman “I want the Director of NSA to have this for future reference. October 24, 1952”
General Vandenberg to Chief of Staff, 17 December 1947
This memo from Vandenberg to the Army Chief of Staff does not clearly relate to UFOs. However, it is clear that the decision process at White Sands and Alamogordo was in turmoil and that clarification was needed. Possibly as a result of the UFO wreckage being stored there and different access requests and priorities.
The addition of a senior Army Ordnance Officer being permanently assigned to work with the joint committee for range coordination was the resolution to improve local decision making. What could be so important that would involve top generals to clarify decision making?
The leaked version (page 1), is nearly identical to a document we found at the National Archives, RG 341, Entry 174, Box 141 (page 2), showing the same language in Paragraph 1 but an additional clarifying paragraph has been added which states: “This agreement concerns only decisions on joint range problems and does not extend into command and administration matters at Alamogordo Air Base.”
It is possible that either Vandenberg or the Army Chief of Staff upon seeing or reviewing the first memo might say “we need to clarify this so that no one misconstrues our intent and screws up the basic functions of Alamogordo Air Base.”
Part 2
CWO Marcrau Memo to Commanding General Army Air Forces, 12 August 1947
This one page memo discusses the control of Restricted Data, which was used for both atomic activities and alien activities stemming from the New Mexico events.
Cantwheel, the alleged source of much of these new documents, typed on the bottom of the document, “SAC wanted to keep certain AAF personnel from accessing the out-going messages from Roswell AAF to SAC headquarters that would identify AAF personnel responsible for the transport of classified material to Wright Field, and the personnel who were responsible for disposition of the wreckage and bodies found near Socorro and Corona, New Mexico.”
Flying Saucer Analytical Report, 2 September 1947
This two-page Top Secret MAJIC Eyes Only report to General C. P. Cabell and commanding General of the Air Materiel Command from the Research and Development Laboratory is dated 2 September 1947. It provides a credible glimpse into the problems that faced the first analytical team to examine real crashed extraterrestrial hardware.
Here are some quotes: “some nation has reached a stage of flight development in which the present ideas are entirely obsolete” and “the absence of riveting and surface over-lapping indicates a “‘simplistic’ concept that confronts our technology to match the “‘careful and well-considered compromises in respect to weight, aerodynamic refinement and design.'”
A general description of the flying saucer craft is presented including a host of historically accurate AISI metallurgical tests. The research team did have success in identifying some control surfaces and exhaust ports and concluded the spherical reactor (hydrogen isotope type) was connected to propulsion motors.
Hillenkoetter Memo to Joint Intelligence Committee, 19 September 1947
The title of this document is “Memorandum for the Military Assessment of the Joint Intelligence Committee.” And for those of you paying special attention, you’ll notice that the acronym is MAJIC, which in fact turned out to be the code word selected. The four paragraphs say we need a classified intelligence project; we recovered one craft, captured one.
It says no coordinated scientific examination is possible until we get a clear directive from the president. It also says Wright Field has a new biological laboratory, the Joint Research and Development Board and the FBI, MI5, MI6 are helping.
Twining’s “White Hot” Report: Mission Assessment of Recovered Lenticular Aerodyne Objects, 19 September 1947
“No one, without express permission from the President, may disseminate the information contained in this report or communicate it to any unauthorized person not possessing MAJIC SECURITY CLEARANCE.” The White Hot report is a 19-page document, dated 19 September 1947 and signed by an appropriate cadre of military leaders on 24 September 1947.
Several accounts of individual pilots were reported in 1947 with varying details that make each encounter a unique piece in a puzzle of phenomenon. In this particular year, sightings were reported “not only in the United States, but also in Sweden, Germany, Holland, Paraguay, Scandinavia, Greece, and by ships at sea.” Studied by classified teams of experts, many interesting and provocative details were recorded in this report of unidentifiable crash remains.
The document is broken down into various sections that address concerns specifically: Preliminary Intelligence Estimate, Technical Evaluation, Scientific Probabilities, Political Considerations, and National Security Structure. In the preliminary estimate, experts of the AMC and ONR speculate that “the unidentified lenticular-shaped aerodynelacking conventional wing, fuselage, nacelle, control, and fuel systems” is not only foreign to United States technology, but is also unlikely to be of Russian origin, or for that matter, unlikely to have been designed to operate within the earth’s atmosphere.
Several bodies were discovered along with the material of the crash, their existence and death just as mysterious as the cause of the crash itself. More interesting than these basic facts is the evidence that suggests “a symbionic relationship between operator and the functions of the aerodyne’s operation.”
This particular leaked governmental document has a plethora of factual information linked to the retrieval and appraisal of the evidence collected from the recovered exhibits that “AMC, ASP, NEAP, ACE, ONR, NACKA, JED, RAND, USAF, SAG, and MIT, are deemed extraterrestrial in nature.” The White Hot report not only covers the factual evidence of the retrieval, but also sheds light on a number of conceptual concerns surrounding politics, National Security, nuclear weaponry, and the reasons behind keeping knowledge of this nature out of the public’s grasp indefinitely.
It concludes, for the well being of the public, of course, and the protection of national security, that “the US must be perceived as being the top of the heap, and every effort must be made to insure that there is, and never has been, a threat to the country.”
Malcolm Grow to Lt. Gen. Twining – Aero Medical Laboratory, 20 September 1947
Brig. Gen. Malcolm C. Grow writes a two page memo for General Twining describing the preliminary results of the post-mortem examination of the Air Accident Reportfiled 17 July 1947 (see above). Note the wide-ranging distribution list from people like Dr. Detlev Bronk and Dr. Randolph Lovelace to the AAF Scientific Advisory Group and Intelligence Departments.
This perfunctory preliminary report is clear in its references to a UFO: “Collision in full flight with object other than conventional aircraft,” “Artifacts collected and assembled indicate that the unidentified aircraft,” “The functions of the instruments found in the cockpit area are unknown at present; so there is no way to determine if the craft was manned or remotely controlled.”
Lt. Col. Tucker Memo to Office of Air Surgeon, 22 September 1947
A bureaucratic memo with excellent checkable references discusses an Analysis of Factors Contributing to “Pilot-Error” Experiences in Operating Experimental Aircraft Controls written by Lt. Col. Tucker. Tucker and his correct period phone extension, memo format, and writing style have been verified in the National Archives. Tucker was part of the Aero Medical Laboratory, Psychological Branch. It discusses two incidents on 25 March and 4 July 1947 about S-Aircraft (PF) and interactions with symbolic instrumentation with tactile manipulation of flight controls.
Secretary of State Marshall, Memo to The President, 24 September 1947
Marshall writes a memo to the President concerning the “Presentation of Report to the President Re; ULAT” dated September 24, 1947 that expresses concern about the timing of the internal release of this report. “It would be better to discuss the report during the meeting (National Security Council).
This would give the members a better picture of the situation rather than having it released piecemeal.” Marshall goes on to say, “I further suggest that Twining present the findings of the Majestic-12 briefing to be given be the Director of Central Intelligence with a detailed showing of visual as well as written materials.” File references, format, and signatures suggest authenticity.
President Truman to Secretary of Defense James Forrestal, 24 September 1947
So, five days later, President Truman, in that busy week of the 24th of September, 1947, decided that he would sign this document, which says, “Hereafter this matter shall be referred to only as Operation Majestic Twelve.” Unfortunately, researcher Stanton Friedman found another memo, with a nearly identical signature in this same week signed by Truman to Dr. Bush. How can that be? See the Authentication section for a possible answer.
Memo to General Spaatz, 25 September 1947 (with Cantwheel commentsl; retyped copy)
This one page unclassified memo dated 25 September 1947 is directed to General Spaatz. It voices concern about the quality of the briefing given that day and wants the presentation package improved for the National Security Council (NSC) meeting the following day. Cantwheel’s comments typed in capital letters at the bottom sum up the sentiment,
“The Secretary of Defense was unhappy with briefing of the AMC and R&D; briefing officers and Symington wanted Bush and Twining to meet with Truman before NSC meeting on the 26th so that a more concise and explainable report of the discovery would be made.”
Secretary of State Marshall to President Truman, 25 September 1947
This memo was signed top secret, MAJIC eyes only. It says “cryptographic (misspelled in original) security does not apply,” thereby revealing that this subject would normally be encrypted, but to expedite it they did not. The memo says that no indication of its contents is to be divulged to the public, referring to Twinning’s White Hot report discussed earlier.
So this is Marshall telling Humelsine, the secretary to President Truman, to make sure that Truman realizes that he’s not going to let anything out to the public, and even suggests a “cover story.” The similarity of the handwriting to that in other documents poses an authentication challenge.
Twining’s Report to The President, Parts I-V, 26 September 1947
General Nathan Twining writes to the President on 26 September 1947 and respectfully submits his report on Flying Saucers. This is “In accordance with your instructions, advisors from State, Treasury, War, and Navy departments assisted me in a two month exploratory mission concerning the reality of other-world visitation.” The memo is impressive for its authentic looking pentagon Joint Chiefs of Staff and Combined Chiefs of Staff filing references along with clear older sized paper markings.
Secretary of State George C. Marshall to Carl Humelsine, 27 September 1947
On 27 September 1947 George C. Marshall writes to his Executive secretary Carl Humelsine about the tragic consequences if the present rumors about New Mexico events are disclosed to the public. Humelsine is resistant to sign an agreement to remain quiet concerning these events because he has already heard about them through other sources.
The memo states in part, “(a) you are unwilling to commit yourself to any agreement regarding not communicating its contents to any other person in view of the fact that you felt you already knew certain of the things probably referred to in the memo, as suggested to you by seeing the security reference ‘MAJIC’ and b) you could not feel that such a letter as this could have been addressed to you without the knowledge of the President.”
This ozalid (early carbon duplication) printing process memo is authentic for the era and would be difficult to fake.
“Unidentified Aircraft Sightings Over the United States,” Top Secret Eyes Only Intelligence Estimate, 30 September 1947
This presidential briefing document is an intelligence estimate dated September 30, 1947 titled “Unidentified Aircraft Sighting Over the United States.” Prepared by the Special Studies and Evaluation State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee and the Office of National Estimates Central Intelligence Agency. It references both a TS Control No. 7300405, NSA authority and a NSCID (National Security Council Intelligence Directive) 6 Authority, NIA Directive.
The six page Top Secret Eyes Only covers essential elements of information, however, no discussion of wreckage, alien bodies etc., after all the briefing is about unidentified aircraft sightings. Main headings are: estimates of Soviet capabilities, domestic capabilities, estimate of the situation, estimates of interplanetary capabilities, and conclusions. The estimate of the situation and interplanetary capabilities make for very interesting reading.
The document is retyped and Source S-2 has handwritten at the bottom this is the best version available. It is allegedly annotated by Harry Truman “I want the Director of NSA to have this for future reference. October 24, 1952”
General Vandenberg to Chief of Staff, 17 December 1947
This memo from Vandenberg to the Army Chief of Staff does not clearly relate to UFOs. However, it is clear that the decision process at White Sands and Alamogordo was in turmoil and that clarification was needed. Possibly as a result of the UFO wreckage being stored there and different access requests and priorities.
The addition of a senior Army Ordnance Officer being permanently assigned to work with the joint committee for range coordination was the resolution to improve local decision making. What could be so important that would involve top generals to clarify decision making?
The leaked version (page 1), is nearly identical to a document we found at the National Archives, RG 341, Entry 174, Box 141 (page 2), showing the same language in Paragraph 1 but an additional clarifying paragraph has been added which states: “This agreement concerns only decisions on joint range problems and does not extend into command and administration matters at Alamogordo Air Base.”
It is possible that either Vandenberg or the Army Chief of Staff upon seeing or reviewing the first memo might say “we need to clarify this so that no one misconstrues our intent and screws up the basic functions of Alamogordo Air Base.”
China's lunar rover spots mysterious "hut" on far side of moon
BY CHRISTOPHER BRITO
DECEMBER 7, 2021 / 3:24 PM / CBS NEWS
]https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/china-lunar-rover-mystery-hut-moon/
China's Yutu 2 rover has spotted a mysterious object described as a "hut" or "house" on the far side of the moon, according to a recent log of the lunar rover's activities.
Yutu 2 encountered the cube-shaped object while driving across the Von Kármán crater last month during the mission's 36th lunar day, according to a post published on "Our Space" — a Chinese media channel affiliated with the China National Space Administration — Space.com reported.
The rover, which landed on the far side of the moon in January 2019, sent back images of the object on the horizon. According to the post, the rover was located 80 meters away (about 262 feet) and is expected to reach the site in another two to three months of trekking.
Space.com pointed out that "mystery hut" is used as a placeholder name based on its appearance — it is not literally a hut. The site also offered a possible explanation for the object's true origin: It could be a large boulder that was "excavated by an impact event.
China landed Yutu 2 on the far side of the moon as part of its unmanned Chang'e 4 mission. The rover's journey has involved hill-climbing and moving through rocky terrain in the Von Kármán crater.
The attention over the latest discovery comes as China has been accelerating its space program. In October, China launched a three-person crew for a six-month mission aboard its own space station, aiming to set a new record for the length of time spent in space by Chinese astronauts. Earlier this year, China successfully landed a solar-powered rover in Mars.
China's Yutu 2 rover has spotted a "mysterious hut" on the far side of the moon.
BY CHRISTOPHER BRITO
DECEMBER 7, 2021 / 3:24 PM / CBS NEWS
]https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/china-lunar-rover-mystery-hut-moon/
China's Yutu 2 rover has spotted a mysterious object described as a "hut" or "house" on the far side of the moon, according to a recent log of the lunar rover's activities.
Yutu 2 encountered the cube-shaped object while driving across the Von Kármán crater last month during the mission's 36th lunar day, according to a post published on "Our Space" — a Chinese media channel affiliated with the China National Space Administration — Space.com reported.
The rover, which landed on the far side of the moon in January 2019, sent back images of the object on the horizon. According to the post, the rover was located 80 meters away (about 262 feet) and is expected to reach the site in another two to three months of trekking.
Space.com pointed out that "mystery hut" is used as a placeholder name based on its appearance — it is not literally a hut. The site also offered a possible explanation for the object's true origin: It could be a large boulder that was "excavated by an impact event.
China landed Yutu 2 on the far side of the moon as part of its unmanned Chang'e 4 mission. The rover's journey has involved hill-climbing and moving through rocky terrain in the Von Kármán crater.
The attention over the latest discovery comes as China has been accelerating its space program. In October, China launched a three-person crew for a six-month mission aboard its own space station, aiming to set a new record for the length of time spent in space by Chinese astronauts. Earlier this year, China successfully landed a solar-powered rover in Mars.
China's Yutu 2 rover has spotted a "mysterious hut" on the far side of the moon.
Battelle Memorial Institute
If you are deep into UFO’s, then you are familiar with this company that does contractor work for the US Government.
They specialize in advanced metals, biology, chemistry and engineering.
They are HQ not far from Wright-Paterson AFB which also is in Ohio where Battelle is HQ. The conspiracy is they are heavily involved in reverse engineering captured alien wreckage recovered by the US military. They most likely were involved with the Roswell crash.
The below link is supposedly from a disclassifed file on their history.
Read it and make your decision with what you know.
The below link leads to more in-depth information.
If you are deep into UFO’s, then you are familiar with this company that does contractor work for the US Government.
They specialize in advanced metals, biology, chemistry and engineering.
They are HQ not far from Wright-Paterson AFB which also is in Ohio where Battelle is HQ. The conspiracy is they are heavily involved in reverse engineering captured alien wreckage recovered by the US military. They most likely were involved with the Roswell crash.
The below link is supposedly from a disclassifed file on their history.
Read it and make your decision with what you know.
The below link leads to more in-depth information.
Operation Sea-Spray
Sep 20, 1950 – Sep 27, 1950
If you think the Covid pandemic was some devious plan to take out Black folks, you are way out of the loop.
The US Govt has been up to its shenanagins with the general US population for decades.
Overview
Operation Sea-Spray was a 1950 U.S. Navy secret biological warfare experiment in which Serratia marcescens and Bacillus globigii bacteria were sprayed over the San Francisco Bay Area in California, in order to determine how vulnerable a city like San Francisco may be to a bioweapon attack.
In 1950, the U.S. Released a Bioweapon in San Francisco
This was one of hundreds of bioweapon simulations carried out in the 1950s and 1960s
Helen Thompson
July 6, 2015
www.smithsonianmag.com
The bacterium Serratia marcescens lives in soil and water, and is best known for its ability to produce bright red pigment. This flashy trait makes this particular microbe useful in experiments—because it is so bright, it's easy to see where it is. And in 1950, the U.S. military harnessed that power in a large-scale biowarefare test, writes Rebecca Kreston on her blog “Body Horrors” for Scientific American.
Beginning on September 26, 1950, the crew of a U.S. Navy minesweeper ship spent six days spraying Serratia marcescens into the air about two miles off the northern California coast. The project was called “Operation Sea Spray,” and its aim was to determine the susceptibility of a big city like San Francisco to a bioweapon attack by terrorists.
In the following days, the military took samples at 43 sites to track the bacteria's spread, and found that it had quickly infested not only the city but surrounding suburbs as well. During the test, residents of these areas would have inhaled millions of bacterial spores. Clearly, their test showed, San Francisco and cities with similar size and topography could face germ warfare threats. “In this regard, the experiment was a success,” writes Kreston.
But there was a catch. At the time, the US military thought that Serratia couldn’t harm humans. The bug was mostly known for the red spots it produced on infested foods and had not been widely linked to clinical conditions. That changed when one week after the test, 11 local residents checked into a Stanford University Hospital complaining of urinary tract infections.
Upon testing their pee, doctors noticed that the pathogen had a red hue. “Infection with Serratia was so rare that the outbreak was extensively investigated by the University to identify the origins of this scarlet letter bug,” writes Kreston. After scientists identified the microbe, the cases collectively became the first recorded outbreak of Serratia marcescens. One patient, a man named Edward Nevin who was recovering from prostate surgery, died, and some have suggested that the release forever changed the area's microbial ecology, as Bernadette Tansey pointed out for the San Francisco Chronicle in 2004.
The military had performed similar tests in other cities across the country over the next two decades, until Richard Nixon halted all germ warfare research in 1969. The San Francisco experiment didn’t become public knowledge until 1976.
Click Above LInk To Access Links For More Information
Sep 20, 1950 – Sep 27, 1950
If you think the Covid pandemic was some devious plan to take out Black folks, you are way out of the loop.
The US Govt has been up to its shenanagins with the general US population for decades.
Overview
Operation Sea-Spray was a 1950 U.S. Navy secret biological warfare experiment in which Serratia marcescens and Bacillus globigii bacteria were sprayed over the San Francisco Bay Area in California, in order to determine how vulnerable a city like San Francisco may be to a bioweapon attack.
In 1950, the U.S. Released a Bioweapon in San Francisco
This was one of hundreds of bioweapon simulations carried out in the 1950s and 1960s
Helen Thompson
July 6, 2015
In 1950, the U.S. Released a Bioweapon in San Francisco
This was one of hundreds of bioweapon simulations carried out in the 1950s and 1960s
The bacterium Serratia marcescens lives in soil and water, and is best known for its ability to produce bright red pigment. This flashy trait makes this particular microbe useful in experiments—because it is so bright, it's easy to see where it is. And in 1950, the U.S. military harnessed that power in a large-scale biowarefare test, writes Rebecca Kreston on her blog “Body Horrors” for Scientific American.
Beginning on September 26, 1950, the crew of a U.S. Navy minesweeper ship spent six days spraying Serratia marcescens into the air about two miles off the northern California coast. The project was called “Operation Sea Spray,” and its aim was to determine the susceptibility of a big city like San Francisco to a bioweapon attack by terrorists.
In the following days, the military took samples at 43 sites to track the bacteria's spread, and found that it had quickly infested not only the city but surrounding suburbs as well. During the test, residents of these areas would have inhaled millions of bacterial spores. Clearly, their test showed, San Francisco and cities with similar size and topography could face germ warfare threats. “In this regard, the experiment was a success,” writes Kreston.
But there was a catch. At the time, the US military thought that Serratia couldn’t harm humans. The bug was mostly known for the red spots it produced on infested foods and had not been widely linked to clinical conditions. That changed when one week after the test, 11 local residents checked into a Stanford University Hospital complaining of urinary tract infections.
Upon testing their pee, doctors noticed that the pathogen had a red hue. “Infection with Serratia was so rare that the outbreak was extensively investigated by the University to identify the origins of this scarlet letter bug,” writes Kreston. After scientists identified the microbe, the cases collectively became the first recorded outbreak of Serratia marcescens. One patient, a man named Edward Nevin who was recovering from prostate surgery, died, and some have suggested that the release forever changed the area's microbial ecology, as Bernadette Tansey pointed out for the San Francisco Chronicle in 2004.
The military had performed similar tests in other cities across the country over the next two decades, until Richard Nixon halted all germ warfare research in 1969. The San Francisco experiment didn’t become public knowledge until 1976.
Click Above LInk To Access Links For More Information
An Israeli general said aliens are real but avoiding humanity. That checks out.
If aliens are out there, I would absolutely recommend they avoid the Earth and all its issues for now.
By Hayes Brown, MSNBC Opinion Columnist
Dec. 11, 2020, 5:37 AM EST
www.msnbc.com
A retired Israeli general made headlines by sharing with the world what he said has been a closely guarded secret. According to 87-year-old professor Haim Eshed, there really is life among the stars — and it thinks most of humanity isn't ready to meet it yet. And, quite frankly, I can't say that I blame it, whatever "it" is, for being skeptical of us right now.
Eshed isn't just some random crank. He's the former head of the Israeli Defense Ministry's space directorate, which means he knows his way around a nebula. So when Eshed told the Israeli newspaper Yediot Aharonot that a "Galactic Federation" has secretly made contact with Earth, it's no wonder the story caught our attention in a tractor beam. (Especially his claim that President Donald Trump had to be talked out of blabbing about the aliens too soon.) The story went viral soon after The Jerusalem Post published clips from the interview in English.
Broadly speaking, there's a chance Eshed is correct. Not about the part where he claims that we've apparently set up a joint Terran-alien exploration base on Mars. But possibly about the part where, as the famous Drake Equation shows, the odds are good that there's some kind of extraterrestrial life out there. Humans are definitely on the lookout: China has spent more than $180 million on the world's first radio observatory with a core mission of looking for signs of alien life.
As it stands, though, I'm very glad that nobody else in the galaxy has to deal with humanity. Not yet, anyway. Because, my friends, I have to say it — we are a mess.
Eshed's "Galactic Federation" quickly drew the obvious comparisons to "Star Trek's" United Federation of Planets. The first contact between the people of Earth and an alien race in the "Star Trek" canon was depicted in the aptly named movie "Star Trek: First Contact." In the film, because humans had already gone through our apocalypse — a series of nuclear wars near the start of the 21st century — humanity was finally open to putting aside its problems for something better.
It's a nice sentiment, baked in from the beginning of the franchise. One day, "Star Trek" creator Gene Roddenberry promises in his vision, there will be no need for money and no poverty, and peace will be the default political status. My favorite of the successor series, "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine," actively questioned whether that sort of utopia could exist and whether humanity could ever evolve to that point.
The show went deep on that exploration in its two-part episode "Past Tense," which first aired in 1995. Thanks to a classic bit of time-travel mumbo jumbo, the season-three episode was mostly set in the characters' pasts. It was a little distressing to realize on a recent rewatch that the crew had traveled back to 2024 — a nearer future than I was expecting when I'd pressed play.
And while the U.S. may not have implemented the "sanctuary zones" the show depicts, cordoning off major cities' homeless and unemployed populations to keep them out of sight, Earth's problems haven't exactly improved since the series' original airdate.
It's one of the most overtly political episodes of "Star Trek," and it avoids some of the clunky heavy-handedness of earlier series' attempts to weave in political allegories. Dr. Julian Bashir, played by Alexander Siddig, acts as the audience surrogate, venting his outrage at the conditions he finds 21st-century Americans living in. Bashir's ignorance of the time mirrors the privilege that the writers could rightly assume many viewers had, having never faced down some of the stigmas and despair depicted on-screen. Bashir finds himself unable to process why mental health issues he's spotted among the degenerate, which could be treated with medicine available at the time, are not addressed.
"It's not that they don't give a damn," Bashir's commanding officer, Cmdr. Benjamin Sisko (played by Avery Brooks), tells him. "They've just given up. The social problems they face seem too enormous to deal with."
Viewers grappled with it at the time, too, with some rejecting the idea that things could really be as bad as depicted. "People are still even writing that we only presented 'one side' in 'Past Tense' and that we should have presented 'both sides' and not just the 'liberal' point of view — and I'm still trying to think what that means," episode co-writer Ira Steven Behr told Star Trek Monthly magazine in 1996.
When they finally make it back to the 24th century, Bashir asks Sisko, "How could they have let things get so bad?" Sisko responds: "That's a good question. I wish I had an answer.
Four years from when the episode would take place, here in 2020, I find myself asking the same question. The world is in the middle of a pandemic that has spread unchecked in the United States because of government inaction. More than 8 million people are newly impoverished thanks to federal aid's drying up. Food insecurity and chronic hunger are spiking, as is the rate of people shoplifting basic foods like bread and pasta, The Washington Post reported Thursday.
Meanwhile, Eshed said, the aliens were waiting for us to "develop and reach a stage where we will understand, in general, what space and spaceships are" before making themselves known. As it turns out, two of the richest men on Earth, Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk, are in the middle of a race to privatize space. And in the process, they will reportedly avoid paying taxes on the millions of dollars spent on their projects, using a tax break meant to help poor communities.
The Galactic Federation probably doesn't exist. But if it did, I somehow doubt it would want us as members just yet.
If aliens are out there, I would absolutely recommend they avoid the Earth and all its issues for now.
By Hayes Brown, MSNBC Opinion Columnist
Dec. 11, 2020, 5:37 AM EST
An Israeli general said aliens are real but avoiding humanity. That checks out.
If aliens are out there, I would absolutely recommend they avoid the Earth and all its issues for now.
A retired Israeli general made headlines by sharing with the world what he said has been a closely guarded secret. According to 87-year-old professor Haim Eshed, there really is life among the stars — and it thinks most of humanity isn't ready to meet it yet. And, quite frankly, I can't say that I blame it, whatever "it" is, for being skeptical of us right now.
Eshed isn't just some random crank. He's the former head of the Israeli Defense Ministry's space directorate, which means he knows his way around a nebula. So when Eshed told the Israeli newspaper Yediot Aharonot that a "Galactic Federation" has secretly made contact with Earth, it's no wonder the story caught our attention in a tractor beam. (Especially his claim that President Donald Trump had to be talked out of blabbing about the aliens too soon.) The story went viral soon after The Jerusalem Post published clips from the interview in English.
Broadly speaking, there's a chance Eshed is correct. Not about the part where he claims that we've apparently set up a joint Terran-alien exploration base on Mars. But possibly about the part where, as the famous Drake Equation shows, the odds are good that there's some kind of extraterrestrial life out there. Humans are definitely on the lookout: China has spent more than $180 million on the world's first radio observatory with a core mission of looking for signs of alien life.
As it stands, though, I'm very glad that nobody else in the galaxy has to deal with humanity. Not yet, anyway. Because, my friends, I have to say it — we are a mess.
Eshed's "Galactic Federation" quickly drew the obvious comparisons to "Star Trek's" United Federation of Planets. The first contact between the people of Earth and an alien race in the "Star Trek" canon was depicted in the aptly named movie "Star Trek: First Contact." In the film, because humans had already gone through our apocalypse — a series of nuclear wars near the start of the 21st century — humanity was finally open to putting aside its problems for something better.
It's a nice sentiment, baked in from the beginning of the franchise. One day, "Star Trek" creator Gene Roddenberry promises in his vision, there will be no need for money and no poverty, and peace will be the default political status. My favorite of the successor series, "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine," actively questioned whether that sort of utopia could exist and whether humanity could ever evolve to that point.
The show went deep on that exploration in its two-part episode "Past Tense," which first aired in 1995. Thanks to a classic bit of time-travel mumbo jumbo, the season-three episode was mostly set in the characters' pasts. It was a little distressing to realize on a recent rewatch that the crew had traveled back to 2024 — a nearer future than I was expecting when I'd pressed play.
And while the U.S. may not have implemented the "sanctuary zones" the show depicts, cordoning off major cities' homeless and unemployed populations to keep them out of sight, Earth's problems haven't exactly improved since the series' original airdate.
It's one of the most overtly political episodes of "Star Trek," and it avoids some of the clunky heavy-handedness of earlier series' attempts to weave in political allegories. Dr. Julian Bashir, played by Alexander Siddig, acts as the audience surrogate, venting his outrage at the conditions he finds 21st-century Americans living in. Bashir's ignorance of the time mirrors the privilege that the writers could rightly assume many viewers had, having never faced down some of the stigmas and despair depicted on-screen. Bashir finds himself unable to process why mental health issues he's spotted among the degenerate, which could be treated with medicine available at the time, are not addressed.
"It's not that they don't give a damn," Bashir's commanding officer, Cmdr. Benjamin Sisko (played by Avery Brooks), tells him. "They've just given up. The social problems they face seem too enormous to deal with."
Viewers grappled with it at the time, too, with some rejecting the idea that things could really be as bad as depicted. "People are still even writing that we only presented 'one side' in 'Past Tense' and that we should have presented 'both sides' and not just the 'liberal' point of view — and I'm still trying to think what that means," episode co-writer Ira Steven Behr told Star Trek Monthly magazine in 1996.
When they finally make it back to the 24th century, Bashir asks Sisko, "How could they have let things get so bad?" Sisko responds: "That's a good question. I wish I had an answer.
Four years from when the episode would take place, here in 2020, I find myself asking the same question. The world is in the middle of a pandemic that has spread unchecked in the United States because of government inaction. More than 8 million people are newly impoverished thanks to federal aid's drying up. Food insecurity and chronic hunger are spiking, as is the rate of people shoplifting basic foods like bread and pasta, The Washington Post reported Thursday.
Meanwhile, Eshed said, the aliens were waiting for us to "develop and reach a stage where we will understand, in general, what space and spaceships are" before making themselves known. As it turns out, two of the richest men on Earth, Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk, are in the middle of a race to privatize space. And in the process, they will reportedly avoid paying taxes on the millions of dollars spent on their projects, using a tax break meant to help poor communities.
The Galactic Federation probably doesn't exist. But if it did, I somehow doubt it would want us as members just yet.
Human Cloning
Anybody gave it any thought before I mentioned it?
The last time the Government made any mention of it was President Bill Clinton giving a statement on the successful cloning of Dolly the Sheep in relation to human cloning back in 1997.
And President George Bush mentioned it in his State of the Union address in 2006 at the 2:20 mark.
Anybody who been around long enough knows when the Government says not to do something and puts laws on the books against it….they ain’t following it themselves.
The question now is how far has the US Government accomplished in the science of human cloning?
And how are they using it?
20 Years after Dolly the Sheep Led the Way—Where Is Cloning Now?
Cloning has had a bigger impact on science, but a smaller one on human life, than many expected
By Karen Weintraub
July 5, 2016
www.scientificamerican.com
It was a glorious day in the hills above Edinburgh, Scotland, when old friends and scientific colleagues Ian Wilmut and Alan Trounson set off on a hike two decades ago. High over the city, Wilmut confided that he had a secret to share. As part of a larger study, he and several co-workers had successfully birthed a lamb in the lab—not from egg and sperm but from DNA taken from an adult sheep’s mammary gland. They had cloned a mammal. “Crikey, I was stunned,” says Trounson, who is now—as then—a stem cell biologist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. He remembers sitting down hard on a nearby stone. It was a warm day but Trounson felt a chill pass over him as he realized the implications. “It changed everything.”
Cloning a mammal defied the scientific dogma of its time. The success led to dire and fantastic predictions: Humans would be cloned. Diseases would be prevented. Lost children rebirthed. Today, two decades after Dolly’s birth on July 5, 1996, the impact of cloning on basic science has surpassed expectations whereas the reality of what is technically called nuclear transfer—the form of cloning used with Dolly—has largely faded from public consciousness.
In 2016 cloning a person remains unfeasible, with no scientific benefit and an unacceptable level of risk, several scientists say. Most know of no one even considering the feat. And the cloning of animals remains limited—although it is likely growing. Some agricultural cloning is used in the U.S. and China to capitalize on the genes of a few extraordinary specimens, scientists say, but the European Parliament voted last year to ban cloning animals for food. One scientist in South Korea charges $100,000 to clone pets, although the level of demand for the service is unclear.
Cloning’s biggest impact, several researchers say, has been in the stem cell advances it has sparked. Stem cell biologist Shinya Yamanaka said via e-mail that Dolly’s cloning motivated him to begin developing stem cells derived from adult cells—an accomplishment that won him a Nobel Prize in 2012. “Dolly the Sheep told me that nuclear reprogramming is possible even in mammalian cells and encouraged me to start my own project, wrote Yamanaka, who splits his time between the University of California, San Francisco, and the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) at Kyoto University in Japan, which he directs.
He used adult cells—first in mice, although the technique is now feasible in human cells—to make stem cells that can form a wide range of other cells, essentially turning their cellular clocks back to infancy so they could mature into different adults. Because they are artificially created and can have a variety of futures, they are called induced pluripotent stem (or iPS) cells. The rise of these iPS cells has reduced the need for embryonic stem cells—which have long caused ethical concerns for some—and iPS cells now form the basis for most of today’s stem cell research.
Dolly’s birth was transformative because it proved that the nucleus of the adult cell had all the DNA necessary to give rise to another animal, says stem cell biologist Robin Lovell-Badge, head of the Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics at the Francis Crick Institute in London. Previous researchers had derived adult frogs from embryonic frog cells or embryonic frog cells from adults—at which point their development stalled. “Dolly was the first example of taking an adult cell and getting an adult,” Lovell-Badge says. “That meant you could reprogram an adult cell nucleus back to an embryonic stage.”
Dolly died on February 14, 2003, at age six from a lung infection common among animals who are not given access to the outdoors. It probably had nothing to do with her being a cloned animal, says Wilmut, now an emeritus professor at the The Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh where he did his initial work.
The sheep, made from breast cells, was famously named after Dolly Parton, the American singer known for her large chest as well as her voice. “It wasn’t meant to be disrespectful to the lady in question or to women in general,” Wilmut said recently, of the name suggested by a stockman. Rather, it helped humanize a research project that might otherwise have seemed detached from everyday life. “Science and its presentation can sometimes look terribly serious,” he said. “I think it was good for us—it made us look human.”
Wilmut admits Dolly’s birth was a lucky accident. He and his colleagues were trying to make clones from fetal cells and used adult ones as experimental controls—not expecting that they would actually generate an embryo of their own. “We didn’t set out to clone adult cells. We set out to work with—ideally—embryonic stem cells or things like that,” Wilmut says. “Being successful with adult cells was a very considerable, unexpected bonus.”
The initial aim of the research was to use an animal’s milk production system as a factory of sorts, manufacturing proteins to treat human diseases. But interest in that idea has declined with the rise of inexpensive synthetic chemicals.
Wilmut says he thinks it would be possible to clone a human—but highly unadvisable. The cloning technique used to create Dolly has been shown not to work in primates. He believes it could be possible using other techniques but said he is vehemently opposed to the idea of cloning a person. “Just because it may now work in the sense of producing offspring doesn’t mean to say we should do it,” he says. “The likelihood is you would get pregnancy losses, abnormal births.”
For example, one of the lambs his lab cloned soon after Dolly developed lung problems that caused it to hyperventilate and regularly pass out. “It was distressing enough to see that in an animal,” he says. “I wouldn’t want to be the person who looked a cloned child in the face and said ‘very sorry.’” With recent advances in gene-editing technology, the need for cloning to correct genetic errors will decline even further, he notes. “There’s even less reason for doing it now than before.”.
Trounson says he believes there is a large market for cloned livestock embryos. “It’s pretty busy out there, kind of surprisingly and below the surface,” he says.
“The benefits genomically for production excellence and driving up production parameters is very good,” adds Trounson, who recently stepped down after six years as president of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, a state agency that provides loans and grants for stem cell research. “That’s probably the driver that has kept companies doing it in the U.S.”
The U.S. government decided in 2008 that there were no discernable differences between cloned and noncloned cows, goats and pigs, so it allowed the process in those animals, although mainly for breeding rather than meat production. In China a company called Boyalife Group has plans to produce at least 100,0000 cloned beef cattle—a fraction of the total number of animals slaughtered each year in that country, a company spokesperson wrote via e-mail. “We might be at the best time to advance this technology into applications from both a technology perspective and from a market perspective [in China].”
Theoretically, cloning could also be used to bring back endangered species. There has been talk of using it to restore woolly mammoths, giant pandas and even Neandertals—ideas Lovell-Badge dismisses as “fairly silly.” Trounson says he still has a stash of skin samples from critically endangered northern hairy-nosed wombats stored in liquid nitrogen, in case someone ever wants to attempt to restore the species’s numbers. Clones, however, are created by taking an adult cell and fusing it to a recipient egg cell. Making a clone requires an intact nucleus, which would not be available for most extinct species.
Several researchers are now using cloning techniques to produce embryonic stem cells, thereby avoiding the need to collect new embryos. So-called somatic cell nuclear transfer may help researchers better understand early human embryogenesis and stem cell biology, according to Paul Knoepfler, a biologist at the University of California, Davis, who is not directly involved in the work. Knoepfler wrote via e-mail that he does not “see any imminent therapeutic benefit [to that work], but that could change in the future.”
The idea of cloning a deceased loved one—human or pet—has fallen out of favor in part because of the recognition that environment affects behavior. The genetics might be the same but would a clone still be the same lovable individual? “You’re never going to get Tibble back, or whatever,” Lovell-Badge says, noting that he thinks the idea of cloning a pet is “stupid.” He adds, “The only possible use that I can sort of vaguely think of is if you have a particular valuable dog,” with skills like super-sniffing that scientists would want to determine was inborn or behavioral.
Lovell-Badge is even more dismissive of the idea of cloning a person. “We’d have to know an awful lot more about reprogramming and how to make it 100 percent efficient,” he says. “I have never thought of a good enough reason for a human being.”
Dolly, center, was the world's first cloned sheep. Dolly was located at the Roslin Institute in Scotland.
5
Anybody gave it any thought before I mentioned it?
The last time the Government made any mention of it was President Bill Clinton giving a statement on the successful cloning of Dolly the Sheep in relation to human cloning back in 1997.
And President George Bush mentioned it in his State of the Union address in 2006 at the 2:20 mark.
Anybody who been around long enough knows when the Government says not to do something and puts laws on the books against it….they ain’t following it themselves.
The question now is how far has the US Government accomplished in the science of human cloning?
And how are they using it?
20 Years after Dolly the Sheep Led the Way—Where Is Cloning Now?
Cloning has had a bigger impact on science, but a smaller one on human life, than many expected
By Karen Weintraub
July 5, 2016
20 Years after Dolly the Sheep Led the Way—Where Is Cloning Now?
Cloning has had a bigger impact on science, but a smaller one on human life, than many expected
It was a glorious day in the hills above Edinburgh, Scotland, when old friends and scientific colleagues Ian Wilmut and Alan Trounson set off on a hike two decades ago. High over the city, Wilmut confided that he had a secret to share. As part of a larger study, he and several co-workers had successfully birthed a lamb in the lab—not from egg and sperm but from DNA taken from an adult sheep’s mammary gland. They had cloned a mammal. “Crikey, I was stunned,” says Trounson, who is now—as then—a stem cell biologist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. He remembers sitting down hard on a nearby stone. It was a warm day but Trounson felt a chill pass over him as he realized the implications. “It changed everything.”
Cloning a mammal defied the scientific dogma of its time. The success led to dire and fantastic predictions: Humans would be cloned. Diseases would be prevented. Lost children rebirthed. Today, two decades after Dolly’s birth on July 5, 1996, the impact of cloning on basic science has surpassed expectations whereas the reality of what is technically called nuclear transfer—the form of cloning used with Dolly—has largely faded from public consciousness.
In 2016 cloning a person remains unfeasible, with no scientific benefit and an unacceptable level of risk, several scientists say. Most know of no one even considering the feat. And the cloning of animals remains limited—although it is likely growing. Some agricultural cloning is used in the U.S. and China to capitalize on the genes of a few extraordinary specimens, scientists say, but the European Parliament voted last year to ban cloning animals for food. One scientist in South Korea charges $100,000 to clone pets, although the level of demand for the service is unclear.
Cloning’s biggest impact, several researchers say, has been in the stem cell advances it has sparked. Stem cell biologist Shinya Yamanaka said via e-mail that Dolly’s cloning motivated him to begin developing stem cells derived from adult cells—an accomplishment that won him a Nobel Prize in 2012. “Dolly the Sheep told me that nuclear reprogramming is possible even in mammalian cells and encouraged me to start my own project, wrote Yamanaka, who splits his time between the University of California, San Francisco, and the Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) at Kyoto University in Japan, which he directs.
He used adult cells—first in mice, although the technique is now feasible in human cells—to make stem cells that can form a wide range of other cells, essentially turning their cellular clocks back to infancy so they could mature into different adults. Because they are artificially created and can have a variety of futures, they are called induced pluripotent stem (or iPS) cells. The rise of these iPS cells has reduced the need for embryonic stem cells—which have long caused ethical concerns for some—and iPS cells now form the basis for most of today’s stem cell research.
Dolly’s birth was transformative because it proved that the nucleus of the adult cell had all the DNA necessary to give rise to another animal, says stem cell biologist Robin Lovell-Badge, head of the Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics at the Francis Crick Institute in London. Previous researchers had derived adult frogs from embryonic frog cells or embryonic frog cells from adults—at which point their development stalled. “Dolly was the first example of taking an adult cell and getting an adult,” Lovell-Badge says. “That meant you could reprogram an adult cell nucleus back to an embryonic stage.”
Dolly died on February 14, 2003, at age six from a lung infection common among animals who are not given access to the outdoors. It probably had nothing to do with her being a cloned animal, says Wilmut, now an emeritus professor at the The Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh where he did his initial work.
The sheep, made from breast cells, was famously named after Dolly Parton, the American singer known for her large chest as well as her voice. “It wasn’t meant to be disrespectful to the lady in question or to women in general,” Wilmut said recently, of the name suggested by a stockman. Rather, it helped humanize a research project that might otherwise have seemed detached from everyday life. “Science and its presentation can sometimes look terribly serious,” he said. “I think it was good for us—it made us look human.”
Wilmut admits Dolly’s birth was a lucky accident. He and his colleagues were trying to make clones from fetal cells and used adult ones as experimental controls—not expecting that they would actually generate an embryo of their own. “We didn’t set out to clone adult cells. We set out to work with—ideally—embryonic stem cells or things like that,” Wilmut says. “Being successful with adult cells was a very considerable, unexpected bonus.”
The initial aim of the research was to use an animal’s milk production system as a factory of sorts, manufacturing proteins to treat human diseases. But interest in that idea has declined with the rise of inexpensive synthetic chemicals.
Wilmut says he thinks it would be possible to clone a human—but highly unadvisable. The cloning technique used to create Dolly has been shown not to work in primates. He believes it could be possible using other techniques but said he is vehemently opposed to the idea of cloning a person. “Just because it may now work in the sense of producing offspring doesn’t mean to say we should do it,” he says. “The likelihood is you would get pregnancy losses, abnormal births.”
For example, one of the lambs his lab cloned soon after Dolly developed lung problems that caused it to hyperventilate and regularly pass out. “It was distressing enough to see that in an animal,” he says. “I wouldn’t want to be the person who looked a cloned child in the face and said ‘very sorry.’” With recent advances in gene-editing technology, the need for cloning to correct genetic errors will decline even further, he notes. “There’s even less reason for doing it now than before.”.
Trounson says he believes there is a large market for cloned livestock embryos. “It’s pretty busy out there, kind of surprisingly and below the surface,” he says.
“The benefits genomically for production excellence and driving up production parameters is very good,” adds Trounson, who recently stepped down after six years as president of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, a state agency that provides loans and grants for stem cell research. “That’s probably the driver that has kept companies doing it in the U.S.”
The U.S. government decided in 2008 that there were no discernable differences between cloned and noncloned cows, goats and pigs, so it allowed the process in those animals, although mainly for breeding rather than meat production. In China a company called Boyalife Group has plans to produce at least 100,0000 cloned beef cattle—a fraction of the total number of animals slaughtered each year in that country, a company spokesperson wrote via e-mail. “We might be at the best time to advance this technology into applications from both a technology perspective and from a market perspective [in China].”
Theoretically, cloning could also be used to bring back endangered species. There has been talk of using it to restore woolly mammoths, giant pandas and even Neandertals—ideas Lovell-Badge dismisses as “fairly silly.” Trounson says he still has a stash of skin samples from critically endangered northern hairy-nosed wombats stored in liquid nitrogen, in case someone ever wants to attempt to restore the species’s numbers. Clones, however, are created by taking an adult cell and fusing it to a recipient egg cell. Making a clone requires an intact nucleus, which would not be available for most extinct species.
Several researchers are now using cloning techniques to produce embryonic stem cells, thereby avoiding the need to collect new embryos. So-called somatic cell nuclear transfer may help researchers better understand early human embryogenesis and stem cell biology, according to Paul Knoepfler, a biologist at the University of California, Davis, who is not directly involved in the work. Knoepfler wrote via e-mail that he does not “see any imminent therapeutic benefit [to that work], but that could change in the future.”
The idea of cloning a deceased loved one—human or pet—has fallen out of favor in part because of the recognition that environment affects behavior. The genetics might be the same but would a clone still be the same lovable individual? “You’re never going to get Tibble back, or whatever,” Lovell-Badge says, noting that he thinks the idea of cloning a pet is “stupid.” He adds, “The only possible use that I can sort of vaguely think of is if you have a particular valuable dog,” with skills like super-sniffing that scientists would want to determine was inborn or behavioral.
Lovell-Badge is even more dismissive of the idea of cloning a person. “We’d have to know an awful lot more about reprogramming and how to make it 100 percent efficient,” he says. “I have never thought of a good enough reason for a human being.”
Dolly, center, was the world's first cloned sheep. Dolly was located at the Roslin Institute in Scotland.
5
LOL if they spilled the beans...it'd be worst than a nuclear war
Nice to see a couple of people agree with meHumans were created by aliens
Fact
