(I was raised near there and I had not heard of this.)
The
Colfax massacre, sometimes referred to as the
Colfax riot, occurred on
Easter Sunday, April 13, 1873, in
Colfax, Louisiana, the
parish seat of
Grant Parish. An estimated 62–153 Black men were murdered while surrendering to a mob of former Confederate soldiers and members of the
Ku Klux Klan. Three White men also died during the confrontation.
After the contested
1872 election for
governor of Louisiana and local offices, a group of White men armed with rifles and a small
cannon overpowered Black
freedmen and state
militia occupying the Grant Parish
courthouse in Colfax.<a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-Eric_Foner_p.437-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a><a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a> Most of the freedmen were killed after surrendering, and nearly another 50 were killed later that night after being held as prisoners for several hours. Estimates of the number of dead have varied over the years, ranging from 62 to 153; three Whites died but the number of Black victims was difficult to determine because many bodies were thrown into the
Red River or removed for burial, possibly at mass graves.<a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a>
Historian
Eric Foner described the massacre as the worst instance of racial violence during
Reconstruction.<a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-Eric_Foner_p.437-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a> In Louisiana, it had the most fatalities of any of the numerous violent events occurring after the disputed gubernatorial contest in 1872 between
Republicans and
Democrats. Foner wrote, "...every election [in Louisiana] between 1868 and 1876 was marked by rampant violence and pervasive fraud".<a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-Eric_Foner_1989,_p._550-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a> Although the
Fusionist-dominated state "returning board," which ruled on vote validity, initially declared
John McEnery and his Democratic slate the winners, the board eventually divided, with a faction declaring Republican
William P. Kellogg the victor. A Republican federal judge in New Orleans ruled that the Republican-majority legislature be seated.<a href="
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax_massacre#cite_note-5"
en.m.wikipedia.org
The new memorial lists the names of 57 Black people killed in the Colfax Massacre in 1873.
www.nbcnews.com