Here's a break down of the laws in D.C., Maryland and Virginia:
D.C.
The District does not have a law targeted specifically to a home intruder. In terms of self-defense, D.C. has a law that states a person can defend themselves when they truly believe that they're in danger of bodily harm or death. However, the law also states the person is required to take reasonable measures by stepping back or walking away.
Section 22-40503.01 of D.C.'s law allows someone to use a firearm if it's done in legitimate self-defense. For more information on the laws,
click here.
Maryland
The castle doctrine in Maryland states that when a person is inside their home, they do not have to retreat. A homeowner is allowed to stand their ground and attempt to defend themselves against an intruder, as long as the use of force is reasonable.
Maryland also has a duty to retreat law that states if a person is defending themselves outside of their home, they have a duty to retreat. For more information on the laws,
click here.
Virginia
Virginia law defines a justifiable act of self-defense as when the person acting in self-defense did not provoke the attack. An excusable self-defense is defined in the law as a situation when a person provoked the attack, but tried to retreat from the attack before using deadly force in self-defense.
Section 18.2-282 of Virginia law also states that it is unlawful to display a firearm in attempts to scare another person unless a person is engaged in a justifiable or excusable self-defense situation. For more information on the laws,
click here.
Mind you in a lot of places if the intruder is fleeing you can get into trouble if they make it outside your door threshold (or something like that).