UPDATE: Donald Trump Takes Office as the 47th US President

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Black in Palestine, the story of Afro-Palestinians​

Staff WriterLast Updated: April 18, 2024
5 minutes read
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An Afro-Palestinian / © Ehimetalor Akhere Unuabona / Unsplash
The African-Palestinian community has survived in the tiny African quarter of Jerusalem and are fiercely proud of their origins and newly-forged identity.

The African-Palestinian community is a small, but rich community situated in the African quarter of Jerusalem, numbering approximately hundreds of people. This Afro-Arab community exists in the intersections of African ancestry and Palestinian nationality, under the authority of Israeli forces occupying Jerusalem and other areas of Palestine.


The majority of the Afro-Palestinian population lives in a section of Jerusalem referred to as The African Quarter or Little Harlem. However, there are also Afro-descendant communities in Gaza and the West Bank town of Jericho.

The Afro-Palestinian community mainly resides in two neighborhoods, Ribat al Mansuriand and Ribat al-Busari. These neighborhoods are situated between two Israeli checkpoints, through which only residents may pass.

One of these compounds leads into the Al-Aqsa Mosque, considered the third-holiest site in Islam. The process behind which the Afro-Palestinian community came to reside on this holy land is of historical importance.

55678_JerusalemSaraHassan9_1557991488750.jpg
Inside the African-Palestinian community compound. (Sara Hassan / TRTWorld)

The Afro-descendent community in Jerusalem was granted residency by the Islamci Waqf as recognition for their devotion both to their faith and to the Al-Asqua Mosque. The Mosque became a site of tension between local Palestinian residents and Israeli forces. In 2021, Israeli security forces descended on the Mosque during Ramadan, and fired rubber-coated bullets at worshippers, throwing tear gas and stun grenades.

This resulted in an eleven day siege between Israeli forces and Palestinian militants, approximately 250 people were killed and 2000 were wounded. 70 of the victims were children.

Origins

During the 12th century, African Muslims made regular pilgrimages to the Middle East, including the tenth leader of the Mali Empire, Mansa Musa. Many African Muslims who participated in the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, would visit the Al Aqsa Mosque on their return journey.

Over the years, some African pilgrims settled permanently in Palestine, marrying local Palestinian women and having Afro-Arab families. A number of Africans also came to Palestine during the Ottoman Empire.

The neighbourhoods of Ribat al-Mansuri and Ribat al-Busari served as hostels for Muslim pilgrims from 1916 to 1918. During the Arab Revolt of World War I, Ottoman forces converted these compounds into two prisons. These prisons were gruesomely known as ‘The Blood Prison,’ and ‘The Hanging Prison’ where they detained and executed perceived dissidents.

During World War I, the British general, Edmund Allenby led a military campaign against Ottoman forces. This resulted in the British hiring conscripted labourers from Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal and Chad to build railroads and lay pipes in Jerusalem, as part of the British engineering corps. The number of African migrants in Jerusalem grew steadily during the British mandate in Palestine in the 1930s.

29f864f0456a381cd7b1f1ba23b99bd9.jpg

In 1948, when conflict occurred between Arab and Zionist forces, this culminated in the state of Israel being founded. Many African Muslims who had traveled to Palestine at that time, ended up settling in the region due to the borders being tightly controlled.

Some Africans even joined the Arab Liberation Army and fought on the side of Palestinians to defend the Al-Asqua Mosque as well as their presence in Jerusalem.

Protesting Israeli occupation​

Today, the Afro-Palestinian community is accepted in the wider Palestinian community. In recent years Afro-Palestinians have spoken out about the racist prejudice they’ve been subjected to under Israeli occupation. Many of the Afro-Palestinians who have protested Israeli occupation have found themselves detained, harassed or even imprisoned.

Because the neighbourhoods of Ribat al Mansuri and Ribat al-Busari are situated between two Israeli checkpoints, there’s been heightened security and restricted movement in the African quarter of Jerusalem. This has impacted the African quarter’s local businesses, and puts an already marginalized community in an even more precarious position.

“It’s hard not to get detained here,” 16-year-old Abdallah Balalawi, an Afro-Palestinian from Chad, told Al Jazeera from his home in the Old City. “I have to be aware of the way I look and even the way I walk to avoid making the Israelis suspicious.”

1_16a08436149.2018513_3611414220_16a08436149_large.jpg


Black people in Gaza constitute a minority of 1% of the total population of two million people inhabitants living in Gaza Strip.

At just 17, Abdallah’s cousin, Jibrin, has already been detained five times by Israeli forces, mostly over allegations that he threw stones at Israeli police and military officers. While he and his friends face the same harassment as other Palestinians, he said, they sometimes experience “double-racism” for both being Palestinian and having dark skin.

“The soldiers are always cursing at me and interrogating me when I pass them. They try to provoke me so that I do something they could get me in trouble for,” Jibrin told Al Jazeera, noting that he has been beaten several times by Israeli police and soldiers during detentions.

“Most of those in my generation have the same experiences,” he added with a shrug.
“It’s routine.”

Growing up under the constant presence of Israeli soldiers, police and checkpoints, Jibrin’s sister, Ruaa, 18, told Al Jazeera that the militarisation of the Old City felt “normal”. But watching Jibrin leave home every day fills her with dread, as Israeli forces “constantly harass young Palestinian men”, she said.

Ruaa wants to develop lectures for young Palestinians in occupied East Jerusalem, to teach them how to deal with Israeli police and soldiers [Jaclynn Ashly/Al Jazeera]
Ruaa wants to develop lectures for young Palestinians in occupied East Jerusalem, to teach them how to deal with Israeli police and soldiers [Jaclynn Ashly/Al Jazeera]

Many Afro-Palestinians remain proud of their African heritage, although because many haven’t visited the continent of Africa with each generation the African influences on the communities’ language, cuisine and customs fades.

There is however a grassroots welfare organization in Jerusalem called the African Community Society. Established in 1983, it is run by Moussa Qous, a Palestinian of Chadian descent. The society works to provide mentoring and support for vulnerable Afro-Palestinian youths.


According to Moussa, these workshops provide a safe space for Afro-Palestinian youths who have been disenfranchised by the violence and unrest they are surrounded by due to the occupation.

The Afro-Palestinian community has a remarkable history. Poised at the intersection of their African ancestry and Palestinian nationality, this Afro-Arab community also lives on contested ground, under the authority of Israeli forces occupying Jerusalem and other areas of Palestine.

Notable Figures

Ali Jiddah

One of the most notable Afro-Palestinians is Ali Jiddah, a former Palestianian resistance fighter. He is of Chadian descent, and his father is from the Salamat tribe and settled in Palestine after making a pilgrimage there. Ali Jiddah worked with the organization the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.

In response to the Israeli occupation of Jerusalem in 1968, he planted four hand grenades on Strauss Street in Jerusalem which injured nine Israelis. Ali Jiddah was sentenced to 25 years in prison, but was released seven years early in 1985.

download.jpg


Ali Jiddah

Following his release, Jiddah worked as a journalist and tour guide teaching people about life in the area under Israeli occupation. Today he lives in Beit Hanina in East Jerusalem, and has two sons.

Fatima Bernawi


One of the most notable Afro-Palestinian freedom fighters was Fatima Bernawi. Freedom fighters were Afro-Palestinians and non-Black Palestinians who fought back against an oppressive Israeli regime. Many Afro-Palestinians were routinely subjected to harassment and abuse from Israeli police, randomly having their passports checked or their homes raided.

download-2.jpg


Fatima Bernawi

Born in Jerusalem, Bernawi fled with her mother to a refugee camp near Amman during the 1936 Palestinian rebellion. Bernawi’s father, a migrant from Nigeria, stayed in Jerusalem to take part in the rebellion. It wouldn’t be long before Bernawi followed in her father’s footsteps.

In 1967, Bernawi became the first Palestinian woman to organize a military operation in occupied territory. She was arrested in the attempted bombing of Zion Cinema in West Jerusalem. Bernawi and other Afro-Palestinians were protesting a film showing the 1967 war.

 

AI is unmasking ICE officers. Can Washington do anything about it?​

Alfred Ng
Updated Fri, August 29, 2025 at 11:00 AM PDT
6 min read

4.6k
0a739e10-866a-11f0-bfce-3a78c6d4e863

WAPO
An activist has started using artificial intelligence to identify Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents beneath their masks — a use of the technology sparking new political concerns over AI-powered surveillance.

Dominick Skinner, a Netherlands-based immigration activist, estimates he and a group of volunteers have publicly identified at least 20 ICE officials recorded wearing masks during arrests. He told POLITICO his experts are “able to reveal a face using AI, if they have 35 percent or more of the face visible.”

The AI-powered project adds a new twist to the debates over both ICE masking and government surveillance tools, as immigration enforcement becomes more widespread and aggressive.


ICE says its agents need to wear masks to prevent being unfairly harassed for doing their jobs. To their critics, agents in masks have become a potent symbol of unaccountable government force. The masking, and the counter-campaign to identify agents, has prompted a crossfire of bills on Capitol Hill.

ICE agents “don't deserve to be hunted online by activists using AI,” said Sen. James Lankford (R-Okla.), who chairs the Senate Homeland Security subcommittee on border management and the federal workforce.

Some Democrats concerned about the masking are pushing for regulations to make it easier to identify law enforcement officials — but they still say they’re uneasy that vigilante campaigns have begun using technology to do it.

Sen. Gary Peters (D-Mich.), who co-sponsored a bill called the VISIBLE Act to require ICE officials to clearly identify themselves, has “serious concerns about the reliability, safety and privacy implications of facial recognition tools, whether used by law enforcement … or used by outside groups to identify agents,” an aide told POLITICO.


Skinner’s AI-powered unmasking project is part of a broader online campaign, the ICE List, that has published the names of more than 100 ICE employees, from field agents to back-office bureaucrats. It’s one of several anti-ICE campaigns that have drawn attention from the media and Homeland Security officials.

ICE did not comment on the accuracy of Skinner’s purported identifications, but in a statement, ICE spokesperson Tanya Roman said that the masks “are for safety, not secrecy” and that these listings threaten officers’ lives.

“These misinformed activists and others like them are the very reason the brave men and women of ICE choose to wear masks in the first place, and why they, and their families, are increasingly being targeted and assaulted,” Roman said.

The Department of Homeland Security criticized his ICE List project in a July statement, saying Skinner’s efforts appear to be responsible for doxing federal officers.

In response to efforts to identify ICE agents, Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-Tenn.), who chairs the Senate Judiciary subcommittee on privacy and technology, introduced the Protecting Law Enforcement from Doxxing Act in June, which would make it illegal to publish a federal officer’s name with the intent to obstruct a criminal investigation.

Blackburn told POLITICO via email that Skinner’s project reinforces the need for her bill: "Those who oppose the rule of law are weaponizing generative AI against ICE agents," she said in a statement, warning it could expose agents to threats from transnational criminal gangs like MS-13.

Her record illustrates the political complexities of modern surveillance. In the past, Blackburn has raised concerns about government use of facial recognition, questioning the IRS’s use of the technology in 2022 and criticizing the Chinese government’s surveillance capabilities.

A Blackburn spokesperson said she is against the public’s use of computer-assisted facial recognition to identify ICE officials but supports police use of the technology.

Under existing U.S. law, however, Skinner’s project is legal — highlighting to lawmakers and law enforcement officials the downside of years of congressional inaction on surveillance and privacy laws.

In the absence of federal regulation, the International Biometrics + Identity Association, a trade group that represents the identification technology industry, published ethical standardsfor facial recognition providers in 2019, which includes ensuring that people’s biometric data isn’t collected without people’s knowledge and consent.

Skinner said the organization’s guidelines aren’t applicable to his efforts, noting that the ICE List uses facial recognition tools but is not a provider of the technology itself.

He declined to describe what AI model the tool is built on but said the tool generates its best guess on what the officer looks like unmasked, using screenshots from ICE arrest and raid videos.


Skinner sends batches of these artificially created images for volunteers to use on reverse image search engines like PimEyes. The company, which offers facial recognition capabilities to the public, trawls through millions of images posted online, often turning up social media profiles on LinkedIn and Instagram.

PimEyes did not respond to requests for comment.

While the technology is recent, the method is not — and in fact a version of it has been used by American police departments on civilians. A 2019 study from the Georgetown Law Center on Privacy and Technology found police departments digitally altering pictures and using artist sketches as the basis for finding suspects through facial recognition.

Privacy experts had qualms about Skinner’s new twist on this idea: “Regardless of how you use it, it’s a rather unreliable application of the technology when you stop actually scanning the face and start scanning an artificial image,” the Center for Democracy and Technology’s Security and Surveillance Project Deputy Director Jake Laperruque told POLITICO.


Skinner acknowledged that the technology is flawed, and he said that about that 60 percent of the AI-generated results and facial recognition searches lead to wrong matches on social media profiles. He says a group of volunteers verifies them through another process before posting any names online.

Asked about the risk to ICE officers, Skinner said he doesn’t believe that the ICE List is endangering officers, saying he posts only names and does not include officers’ addresses or contact information in the listings. He does acknowledge that a name alone would be enough to lead to an officer’s personal data, but discouraged doxing as undermining his anti-ICE effort.

“I don’t believe in public justice, but I do believe in public shaming and public accountability,” Skinner said.

Although Democrats are proposing legislation that would ban officers from wearing masks and Republicans introduced bills that would make it illegal to dox police, no legislation that would limit public use of facial recognition, or prevent companies from selling officers’ personal information have gained momentum.


Commercially available information makes it simple to buy a majority of Americans’ personal information through just a name, which has put lawmakers, judges and police officers at risk.

Privacy experts suggest that stronger data protections would be more effective for protecting officers from doxing than wearing masks or outlawing posting officers’ names.

“If someone doesn’t want [their information] online, they should be able to get it scrubbed reasonably. That’s what needs to be tackled here, not the idea that law enforcement officers in the performance of their duties can be identified,” Laperruque said.

 

Black in Palestine, the story of Afro-Palestinians​

Staff WriterLast Updated: April 18, 2024
5 minutes read
Facebook X LinkedIn
PicsArt_24-04-18_19-21-37-952-780x470.jpg
An Afro-Palestinian / © Ehimetalor Akhere Unuabona / Unsplash
The African-Palestinian community has survived in the tiny African quarter of Jerusalem and are fiercely proud of their origins and newly-forged identity.

The African-Palestinian community is a small, but rich community situated in the African quarter of Jerusalem, numbering approximately hundreds of people. This Afro-Arab community exists in the intersections of African ancestry and Palestinian nationality, under the authority of Israeli forces occupying Jerusalem and other areas of Palestine.


The majority of the Afro-Palestinian population lives in a section of Jerusalem referred to as The African Quarter or Little Harlem. However, there are also Afro-descendant communities in Gaza and the West Bank town of Jericho.

The Afro-Palestinian community mainly resides in two neighborhoods, Ribat al Mansuriand and Ribat al-Busari. These neighborhoods are situated between two Israeli checkpoints, through which only residents may pass.

One of these compounds leads into the Al-Aqsa Mosque, considered the third-holiest site in Islam. The process behind which the Afro-Palestinian community came to reside on this holy land is of historical importance.

55678_JerusalemSaraHassan9_1557991488750.jpg
Inside the African-Palestinian community compound. (Sara Hassan / TRTWorld)

The Afro-descendent community in Jerusalem was granted residency by the Islamci Waqf as recognition for their devotion both to their faith and to the Al-Asqua Mosque. The Mosque became a site of tension between local Palestinian residents and Israeli forces. In 2021, Israeli security forces descended on the Mosque during Ramadan, and fired rubber-coated bullets at worshippers, throwing tear gas and stun grenades.

This resulted in an eleven day siege between Israeli forces and Palestinian militants, approximately 250 people were killed and 2000 were wounded. 70 of the victims were children.


Origins

During the 12th century, African Muslims made regular pilgrimages to the Middle East, including the tenth leader of the Mali Empire, Mansa Musa. Many African Muslims who participated in the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca, would visit the Al Aqsa Mosque on their return journey.

Over the years, some African pilgrims settled permanently in Palestine, marrying local Palestinian women and having Afro-Arab families. A number of Africans also came to Palestine during the Ottoman Empire.

The neighbourhoods of Ribat al-Mansuri and Ribat al-Busari served as hostels for Muslim pilgrims from 1916 to 1918. During the Arab Revolt of World War I, Ottoman forces converted these compounds into two prisons. These prisons were gruesomely known as ‘The Blood Prison,’ and ‘The Hanging Prison’ where they detained and executed perceived dissidents.

During World War I, the British general, Edmund Allenby led a military campaign against Ottoman forces. This resulted in the British hiring conscripted labourers from Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal and Chad to build railroads and lay pipes in Jerusalem, as part of the British engineering corps. The number of African migrants in Jerusalem grew steadily during the British mandate in Palestine in the 1930s.

29f864f0456a381cd7b1f1ba23b99bd9.jpg

In 1948, when conflict occurred between Arab and Zionist forces, this culminated in the state of Israel being founded. Many African Muslims who had traveled to Palestine at that time, ended up settling in the region due to the borders being tightly controlled.

Some Africans even joined the Arab Liberation Army and fought on the side of Palestinians to defend the Al-Asqua Mosque as well as their presence in Jerusalem.


Protesting Israeli occupation​

Today, the Afro-Palestinian community is accepted in the wider Palestinian community. In recent years Afro-Palestinians have spoken out about the racist prejudice they’ve been subjected to under Israeli occupation. Many of the Afro-Palestinians who have protested Israeli occupation have found themselves detained, harassed or even imprisoned.

Because the neighbourhoods of Ribat al Mansuri and Ribat al-Busari are situated between two Israeli checkpoints, there’s been heightened security and restricted movement in the African quarter of Jerusalem. This has impacted the African quarter’s local businesses, and puts an already marginalized community in an even more precarious position.


“It’s hard not to get detained here,” 16-year-old Abdallah Balalawi, an Afro-Palestinian from Chad, told Al Jazeera from his home in the Old City. “I have to be aware of the way I look and even the way I walk to avoid making the Israelis suspicious.”

1_16a08436149.2018513_3611414220_16a08436149_large.jpg


Black people in Gaza constitute a minority of 1% of the total population of two million people inhabitants living in Gaza Strip.

At just 17, Abdallah’s cousin, Jibrin, has already been detained five times by Israeli forces, mostly over allegations that he threw stones at Israeli police and military officers. While he and his friends face the same harassment as other Palestinians, he said, they sometimes experience “double-racism” for both being Palestinian and having dark skin.

“The soldiers are always cursing at me and interrogating me when I pass them. They try to provoke me so that I do something they could get me in trouble for,” Jibrin told Al Jazeera, noting that he has been beaten several times by Israeli police and soldiers during detentions.

“Most of those in my generation have the same experiences,” he added with a shrug.
“It’s routine.”

Growing up under the constant presence of Israeli soldiers, police and checkpoints, Jibrin’s sister, Ruaa, 18, told Al Jazeera that the militarisation of the Old City felt “normal”. But watching Jibrin leave home every day fills her with dread, as Israeli forces “constantly harass young Palestinian men”, she said.

Ruaa wants to develop lectures for young Palestinians in occupied East Jerusalem, to teach them how to deal with Israeli police and soldiers [Jaclynn Ashly/Al Jazeera]
Ruaa wants to develop lectures for young Palestinians in occupied East Jerusalem, to teach them how to deal with Israeli police and soldiers [Jaclynn Ashly/Al Jazeera]

Many Afro-Palestinians remain proud of their African heritage, although because many haven’t visited the continent of Africa with each generation the African influences on the communities’ language, cuisine and customs fades.

There is however a grassroots welfare organization in Jerusalem called the African Community Society. Established in 1983, it is run by Moussa Qous, a Palestinian of Chadian descent. The society works to provide mentoring and support for vulnerable Afro-Palestinian youths.


According to Moussa, these workshops provide a safe space for Afro-Palestinian youths who have been disenfranchised by the violence and unrest they are surrounded by due to the occupation.

The Afro-Palestinian community has a remarkable history. Poised at the intersection of their African ancestry and Palestinian nationality, this Afro-Arab community also lives on contested ground, under the authority of Israeli forces occupying Jerusalem and other areas of Palestine.

Notable Figures

Ali Jiddah

One of the most notable Afro-Palestinians is Ali Jiddah, a former Palestianian resistance fighter. He is of Chadian descent, and his father is from the Salamat tribe and settled in Palestine after making a pilgrimage there. Ali Jiddah worked with the organization the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.

In response to the Israeli occupation of Jerusalem in 1968, he planted four hand grenades on Strauss Street in Jerusalem which injured nine Israelis. Ali Jiddah was sentenced to 25 years in prison, but was released seven years early in 1985.

download.jpg


Ali Jiddah

Following his release, Jiddah worked as a journalist and tour guide teaching people about life in the area under Israeli occupation. Today he lives in Beit Hanina in East Jerusalem, and has two sons.

Fatima Bernawi


One of the most notable Afro-Palestinian freedom fighters was Fatima Bernawi. Freedom fighters were Afro-Palestinians and non-Black Palestinians who fought back against an oppressive Israeli regime. Many Afro-Palestinians were routinely subjected to harassment and abuse from Israeli police, randomly having their passports checked or their homes raided.

download-2.jpg


Fatima Bernawi

Born in Jerusalem, Bernawi fled with her mother to a refugee camp near Amman during the 1936 Palestinian rebellion. Bernawi’s father, a migrant from Nigeria, stayed in Jerusalem to take part in the rebellion. It wouldn’t be long before Bernawi followed in her father’s footsteps.

In 1967, Bernawi became the first Palestinian woman to organize a military operation in occupied territory. She was arrested in the attempted bombing of Zion Cinema in West Jerusalem. Bernawi and other Afro-Palestinians were protesting a film showing the 1967 war.

I post this everytime them Arab worshipping coons like Mask flood the board with Arab worshipping
 
I post this everytime them Arab worshipping coons like Mask flood the board with Arab worshipping

Members like Mask constantly post current events, globally. So, I don't get the "worshipping" thing lol. I posted that article to show that Afro-Palestinians are a major part of Palestine's history and geographically, where some of that demographic reside, to provide more context than what the TikTokers provided for truncated clickbait.

Also, when some folks say, "destroy them all" or "finish the job" in Gaza, West bank, etc. (Israeli-occupied areas of Palestine losing it's grip), that sick genocidal fantasy would include Afro-Palestinians, and other natives to the land before the British Empire and U.S. created the colonial state of Israel in the 1940's with European transplants. Honestly, outside of some forced business dealings, Israel is not seen as a legitimate nation in that region.
 
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You can tell Pence is that old school GOP like Romney, J.McCain etc. The ones that actually atleast pretend to uphold the constitution etc.

This “new” GOP don’t give a shit about anything expect extreme power.

With that said,Pence, needs to watch himself.

Trump already tried to get him killed or rather wasn’t inclined to intervene at the notion of his VP getting killed.
 
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