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Dionne Warwick is another personality who is still very much alive and with us and goes un-noticed. Dionne's sucessful backgroung signing career with her sisters as teenager paved the way to signing demonstration recording and eventually a solo career. As a solo artist, she was not a black singer or a white singer. She was a singer. She loved to sing and stuck to her talent and style. Her first song as a solo artist "Don't make me over" was an instant hit. Dionne was first female artist to rack up a 12 consecutive Top 100 hit singles from 1963 to 1966.

It may be hard to imagine now but in the late 50's / early 60's, Dione partnered with two white guys who were arrangers and it was a marriage made in music. It was more in sync than Chaka and Rufus.

Her voice and style of music endured through the Motown era, the Aretha years, Funk, Disco, Rap - All of it! She didn't make music often but when she did, it usually hit the number and remained there for weeks or months.

Dionne Warwick
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, searchDionne Warwick

Dionne Warwick in 1993. The photo by David Vance was later used as the cover of Warwick's studio album Friends Can Be Lovers.
Background information
Birth name Marie Dionne Warrick
Born December 12, 1940 (age 68)
Origin East Orange, New Jersey, USA
Genre(s) R&B/Soul music, Urban, Soft Rock, Adult Contemporary, Quiet Storm, Pop
Occupation(s) Singer, Actress
Instrument(s) Vocals
Years active 1962 - present
Label(s) Scepter (1962-1971)
Warner Bros. Records (1972-1977)
Arista (1979-1995)
Independent Era (1996-2004)
Concord (2005-Present)
Associated acts Burt Bacharach, The Spinners, Isaac Hayes, Sacha Distel, Whitney Houston, Jeffrey Osborne, June Pointer, Stevie Wonder, Elton John, Gladys Knight, Smokey Robinson, Chuck Jackson, Barry Manilow, Bee Gees, Luther Vandross


Dionne Warwick (born Marie Dionne Warrick on December 12, 1940), is an American singer, actress, activist, United Nations Global Ambassador for the Food and Agriculture Organization, former United States Ambassador of Health, and humanitarian. She is best known for her partnership with songwriters and producers Burt Bacharach and Hal David. According to Billboard magazine, Dionne Warwick is second only to Aretha Franklin as the female vocalist with the most Billboard Hot 100 chart hits during the rock era (1955-1999). Warwick charted a total of 56 hits in the Billboard Hot 100.[1]. The artist scored crossover hits on the Rhythm & Blues charts and the Adult Contemporary charts. Joel Whitburn's tome on the Billboard Hot 100 Charts entitled "Top Pop Singles 1955-1999" ranked Dionne Warwick as the 20th most popular of the top 200 artists of the rock era based upon the Billboard Pop Singles Charts. She is also the cousin of Whitney Houston.

Early life and career

Marie Dionne Warrick was born to parents Mancel Warrick, who began his career as a pullman porter, chef, a gospel record promoter for Chess Records and later a certified public accountant; and Lee Drinkard Warrick, manager of a renowned family gospel group and RCA recording artists The Drinkard Singers in East Orange, New Jersey. Dionne began singing gospel as a child at the New Hope Methodist Church in East Orange.[2] She performed her first gospel solo at the age of six and frequently joined The Drinkard Singers. Warrick's aunt Emily (Cissy) Drinkard Houston and Warrick's sister the late Delia (Dee Dee) Warrick also performed with the family group.[3] Other family members include Dionne's brother, Mancel Warrick, Jr., who was killed in an accident in 1968 at the age of eighteen.[citation needed]

Her first televised performances were in the mid-and late 1950s with the Drinkard Singers and were carried on local television stations in New Jersey and New York City. Warwick grew up in a racially mixed middle-class neighborhood. She stated in an interview on The Biography Channel in 2002 that the neighborhood in East Orange "was literally the United Nations of neighborhoods. We had every nationality, every creed, every religion right there on our street." Warwick was untouched by the harsher aspects of racial intolerance and discrimination until her early professional career when she began touring nationally. Warwick graduated from East Orange High School in 1959 and was awarded a Scholarship in Music Education to the Hartt College of Music in Hartford, Connecticut (a school from which she earned her Doctorate of Music Education in the 1973 [4]

In 1958, Warwick, Myrna Utley, and Carol Slade, along with Warwick's sister Delia (known professionally as Dee Dee Warwick) formed their own group called the "The Gospelaires".[5] Their first performance together was at the world famous Apollo Theater, where they won the weekly amateur contest.[6] Various other singers joined The Gospelaires from time to time, including Judy Clay (adopted by Lee and Mancel Warrick), Cissy Houston, and Doris Troy (who had a hit with 1963's "Just One Look" featuring backing vocals from the Gospelaires). Warwick recalls, in her 2002 A&E Biography that "a man came running frantically backstage at The Apollo and said he needed background singers for a session for Sam "The Man" Taylor and old big-mouth here spoke up and said 'We'll do it!' and we left and did the session. I wish I remembered the gentleman's name because he was responsible for the beginning of my professional career." The backstage encounter led to the group being asked to sing background sessions at recording studios in New York. Soon, the group was in demand in New York music circles for their background work for such artists as The Drifters, Ben E. King, Chuck Jackson, Dinah Washington, Ronnie Hawkins and The Hawks, and Solomon Burke among many others. Warwick remembers, in her A&E Biography that after school, they would catch a bus from East Orange to the Port Authority Terminal, and then subway to recording studios in Manhattan, perform their background gigs and be back at home in East Orange in time to do their school homework. The background vocal work would continue while Warwick pursued her studies at Hartt.

While performing background on The Drifters' recording of "Mexican Divorce", Warwick's voice and star presence were noticed by the song's composer Burt Bacharach, a Brill Building songwriter who was writing songs with many other songwriters including Hal David. According to a July 14, 1967, article on Warwick from Time magazine, Bacharach stated, "She has a tremendous strong side and a delicacy when singing softly—like miniature ships in bottles." Musically, she was "no play-safe girl. What emotion I could get away with!" And what complexity, compared with the usual run of pop songs. During the session, Bacharach asked Warwick if she would be interested in recording demonstration recordings of his compositions to be used to pitch the tunes to record labels. One such demo, "It's Love That Really Counts"—destined to be recorded by fellow Scepter act The Shirelles—caught the attention of Scepter Records President Florence Greenberg. Greenberg, according to "Current Biography" 1969 Yearbook, told Bacharach "forget the song, get the girl!" Warwick was signed to Bacharach and David's production company, according to Warwick, which in turn was signed to Scepter Records in 1962 by Greenberg. The partnership would provide Bacharach with the freedom to produce Warwick without the control of recording company executives and company A&R men. Warwick's musical ability and education would also allow Bacharach to compose more challenging tunes. The demo version of "It's Love That Really Counts", along with her original demo of "Make It Easy on Yourself", would surface on Dionne's debut Scepter album entitled Presenting Dionne Warwick, released early in 1963.

Early stardom


Walk on By became Warwick's second international million-seller in April 1964.

Her first solo single for Scepter Records was released in November, 1962. The song was entitled "Don't Make Me Over", the title (according to the A&E Biography of Dionne Warwick) supplied by Warwick herself when she snapped the phrase at producers Burt Bacharach and Hal David in anger. Warwick found "Make It Easy on Yourself"—a song on which she had recorded the original demo and had wanted to be her first single release—had been given to another artist, Jerry Butler. From the phrase, Bacharach and David created their first top 40 pop hit (#21) and a top 5 US R&B hit. Warrick's name was misspelled on the single's label, and she began using the new spelling (i.e., "Warwick") both professionally and personally.[7] According to the July 14, 1967 Time magazine article, after "Don't Make Me Over" hit in 1962, she answered the call of her manager ("C'mon, baby, you gotta go"), left school and went on a tour of France, where critics crowned her "Paris' Black Pearl", having been introduced on stage at Paris Olympia that year by Marlene Dietrich. Rhapsodized Jean Monteaux in Arts: "The play of this voice makes you think sometimes of an eel, of a storm, of a cradle, a knot of seaweed, a dagger. It is not a voice so much as an organ. You could write fugues for Warwick's voice."

The two immediate follow-ups to "Don't Make Me Over"—"This Empty Place" (with "B" Side "Wishin' and Hopin'" later covered by Dusty Springfield) and "Make The Music Play" and—charted briefly in the top 100, but "Anyone Who Had a Heart" in December 1963 was Warwick's first top 10 pop hit (#8) in the USA and also an international hit. This was followed by "Walk on By" in April 1964, a major international hit and million seller that solidified her career. For the rest of the 1960s, Warwick was a fixture on the US and Canadian charts, and virtually all of Warwick's output from 1962-1971 were written and produced by the Bacharach/David team.

Warwick weathered the British Invasion better than most American artists. Her UK hits were most notably "Walk On By" and "Do You Know the Way to San Jose". In the UK a number of Bacharach-David-Warwick songs were covered by UK singers Cilla Black, Sandie Shaw and Dusty Springfield, most notably Black's "Anyone Who Had a Heart" which went to #1 in the UK. This upset Warwick and she has described feeling insulted when told that in the UK, record company executives wanted her songs recorded by someone else. Warwick even met Cilla Black while on tour in the UK. She recalled what she said to her - " I told her that "You're My World" would be my next single in the States. I honestly believe that if I'd sneezed on my next record, then Cilla would have sneezed on hers too. There was no imagination in her recording." [1] [2] "You're My World"—recorded in no time by Black—was not released as a single by Warwick, but it did appear on a later album, Dionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls, released in 1968.

Warwick was named the Bestselling Female Vocalist in the Cash Box Magazine Poll in 1964, with six chart hits in that year.[citation needed] Cash Box also named her the Top Female Vocalist in 1969, 1970 and 1971. In the 1967 Cash Box Poll, she was second only to Petula Clark, and in 1968's poll second only to Aretha Franklin. Playboy Magazine's influential Music Poll of 1970 named her the Top Female Vocalist[citation needed]. In 1969, Harvard's Hasty Pudding Society named her Woman of the Year.[citation needed]

In a May 21, 1965 Time Magazine cover article entitled "The Sound of the Sixties," Dionne Warwick's sound was described as follows: "Swinging World. Scholarly articles probe the relationship between the Beatles and the nouvelle vague films of Jean-Luc Godard, discuss "the brio and elegance" of Dionne Warwick's singing style as a "pleasurable but complex" event to be "experienced without condescension." In chic circles, anyone damning rock 'n' roll is labeled not only square but uncultured. For inspirational purposes, such hip artists as Robert Rauschenberg, Larry Rivers and Andy Warhol occasionally paint while listening to rock 'n' roll music. Explains Warhol: "It makes me mindless, and I paint better." After gallery openings in Manhattan, the black-tie gatherings often adjourn to a discotheque."

The mid-1960s to early 1970s


"I Say a Little Prayer" became an RIAA Certified USA Million Seller for Dionne in 1967

The mid 1960s to early 1970s became an even more successful time period for Warwick, who saw a string of Gold selling albums and Top 20 and Top 10 hit singles. "Message to Michael", a Bacharach-David composition that the duo was certain was a "man's song", became a top 10 hit for Warwick in May 1966. The January 1967 LP Here Where There Is Love was her first RIAA certified Gold Album and featured "Alfie", and two 1966 hits "Trains and Boats and Planes", and "I Just Don't Know What to Do With Myself". "Alfie" had become a radio hit when disc jockeys across the nation began to play the album cut early in 1967. "Alfie" was released as the "B" side of a Bacharach/David ballad, "The Beginning of Loneliness" in which charted in the Hot 100. Disc jockeys flipped the single and made it a double-sided hit. Bacharach had been contracted to produce "Alfie" for the Michael Caine film of the same name and wanted Dionne Warwick to sing the tune but the British producers wanted a British subject to cut the tune. Cilla Black was selected to record the song, and her version peaked at #95 upon its release in the USA. A cover version by Cher used in the USA prints of the film peaked at #33. In the UK and Australia, Black's version was a Top 10 hit.[citation needed] In a 1983 concert appearance televised on PBS, Warwick states she was the 43rd person to record "Alfie", at Bacharach's insistence, who felt Dionne could make it a big hit. Warwick, at first, balked at recording the tune and asked Bacharach "How many more versions of Alfie do you need?" to which Bacharach replied "Just one more, yours." Bacharach took Warwick into the studio with his new arrangement and cut the tune the way he wanted it to be, which she nailed in one take. Warwick's version peaked at #15 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #1 on both the R&B Chart and the AC Charts.[citation needed] Warwick performed the song at the Academy Awards in 1967. Today, "Alfie" is considered a signature song for Warwick.

Later that same year, Warwick earned her first RIAA Gold Single for US sales of over one million units for the single "I Say a Little Prayer" (from her album The Windows of the World). When disc jockeys across the nation began to play the track from the album in the fall of 1967 and demanded its release as a single, Florence Greenberg, President of Scepter Records, complied and "I Say a Little Prayer" became Warwick's biggest US hit to that point, reaching #4 on the US and Canadian Charts and # 8 on the R & B Charts. Aretha Franklin would cover the tune a year later and hit US #10. The tune was also the first RIAA certified USA million seller for Bacharach-David.[citation needed]

Her follow-up to "I Say a Little Prayer","(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls", was unusual in several respects. It was not written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, it was the "B" side of her "I Say a Little Prayer" single, and it was a song that she almost didn't record. While the film version of Valley of the Dolls was being made, actress Barbara Parkins suggested that Warwick be considered to sing the film's theme song, written by songwriting team Andre and Dory Previn. The song was to be recorded by Judy Garland, who was fired from the film. Warwick performed the song, and when the film became a success in the early weeks of 1968, disc jockeys flipped the single and made the single one of the biggest double-sided hits of the rock era and another million seller. At the time, RIAA rules allowed only one side of a double-sided hit single to be certified as Gold, but Scepter awarded Warwick an "in-house award" to recognize "(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls" as a million selling tune.

Warwick had re-recorded a Pat Williams-arranged version of the theme at A&R Studios in New York because contractual restrictions would not allow the Warwick version from the film to be included in the 20th Century-Fox soundtrack LP. The LP Dionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls, released in early 1968 and containing the re-recorded version of the movie theme (#2-4 weeks), "Do You Know the Way to San Jose" and several new Bacharach-David compositions, hit the #6 position on the Billboard Hot 100 Album Chart and would remain on the chart for over a year. The film soundtrack LP, sans Warwick vocals, failed to impress the public, while Dionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls earned an RIAA Gold certification.

The single "Do You Know the Way to San Jose", an international million seller and a Top 10 hit in several countries, including the UK, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Japan and Mexico, was also a double sided hit with the "B" side "Let Me Be Lonely" charting at #79.

More hits ("Promises, Promises"-#19 1968; "Who Is Gonna Love Me"-#32 1968 with "B" side "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" becoming another double sided hit, "I'll Never Fall In Love Again"-#6 1969; "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling"-#15 1969; "This Girl's In Love With You"-#7 1969; "Make It Easy On Yourself"-#37 1970; "Who Is Gonna Love Me"-#33 1968; "The April Fools"-#37 1969 (from the film of the same name); "Let Me Go To Him"-#32 1970; "Paper Mache"-#43 1970; The Green Grass Starts to Grow"-#43-1971) followed into 1971. Warwick's final Bacharach/David penned single was March 1971's "Who Gets the Guy" and her final "official" Scepter single release was "He's Moving On" backed with "Amanda" both from the soundtrack of the motion picture adaptation of Jacqueline Susann's The Love Machine. Other Scepter LPs certified RIAA Gold include Dionne Warwick's Golden Hits Part 1 released in 1967 and The Dionne Warwicke Story: A Decade of Gold released in 1971. By the end of 1971, Dionne Warwick had sold an estimated thirty-five million singles and albums internationally in less than nine years and more than 16 million singles in the USA alone. Exact figures of Warwick's sales are unknown, and probably underestimated, due to Scepter Records lax accounting policies and the company policy of not submitting recordings for RIAA audit. Dionne Warwick became the first Scepter artist to request RIAA audits of her recordings in 1967 with the release of "I Say A Little Prayer".


Warwick won her second Grammy Award for the 1970 album "I'll Never Fall In Love Again"

On Wednesday, September 17, 1969, CBS Television aired Dionne Warwick's first television special entitled "The Dionne Warwick Chevy Special." Dionne's guests were Burt Bacharach, George Kirby, Glen Campbell, and Creedence Clearwater Revival.

Warwick had become the priority act of Scepter Records, according to the website "The Scepter Records Story" and Luther Dixon in a 2002 A&E Biography of Burt Bacharach, with the release of "Anyone Who Had a Heart" in 1963. In 1971, Dionne Warwick left the family atmosphere of Scepter Records for Warner Bros. Records for what was at the time the most lucrative recording contract ever given a female vocalist according to Variety. Warwick's last LP for Scepter was the aforementioned soundtrack for the motion picture The Love Machine (in which she appeared in an uncredited cameo), released in July 1971. In 1975, Bacharach/David sued Scepter Records for an accurate accounting of royalties due the team from Warwick and labelmate B. J. Thomas recordings and was awarded almost $600,000 and the rights to all Bacharach/David recordings on the Scepter label. The label, with the defection of Warwick to Warner Bros. Records, filed bankruptcy in 1975 and was sold to Springboard International Records in 1976.

Following her signing with Warners, with Bacharach and David as writers and producers Dionne returned to A&R Studios in late 1971 to begin recording her first album for the new label, the self-titled album Dionne (not to be confused with her later Arista debut album) in January 1972. The album peaked at #57 on the Billboard Hot 100 Album Chart. In 1972, Burt Bacharach and Hal David scored and wrote the tunes for the motion picture Lost Horizon. The film was panned by the critics, and in the fallout from the film, the songwriting duo decided to terminate their working relationship. The breakup left Dionne devoid of their services as her producers and songwriters. Dionne was contracually obligated to fulfill her contract with Warners without Bacharach and David and she would team with a variety of producers during her tenure with the label.

Faced with the prospect of being sued by Warner Bros. Records due to the breakup of Bacharach/David and their failure to honor their contract with Dionne, she filed a $5.5 million lawsuit against her former partners for breach of contract. The suit was settled out of court in 1979 for $5 million including the rights to all Warwick recordings produced by Bacharach and David.

Warwick, for years an aficionado of psychic phenomena, was advised by famed astrologist Linda Goodman in 1971 to add a small "e" to her last name, making Warwick "WARWICKe" for good luck and to recognize her married name and her spouse, actor and drummer William " Bill" Elliott. Goodman convinced Warwick that the extra small "e" would add a vibration needed to balance her last name and bring her even more good fortune in her marriage and her professional life. The extra "e", according to Dionne "was the worst thing I could have done in retrospect, and in 1975 I finally got rid of that damn "e" and became "Dionne Warwick" again."

The Warner era (1972-1978)

Without the guidance and songwriting that Bacharach/David had provided, Warwick's career slowed in the 1970s. There were no big hits until 1974's "Then Came You", recorded as a duet with the Spinners and produced by Thom Bell. Bell later noted, "Dionne made a face when we finished [the song]. She didn't like it much, but I knew we had something. So we ripped a dollar in two, signed each half and exchanged them. I told her, 'If it doesn't go number one, I'll send you my half.' When it took off, Dionne sent hers back. There was an apology on it." It was her first US #1 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. Other than this success, Warwick's five years on Warner Bros. Records—despite the fact that she worked the entire time—left her with few chart hits. Two notable songs recorded during this period were "His House and Me" and "Once You Hit The Road" (#79 R&B, #6 Adult Contemporary)—both of which were produced in 1975 by Thom Bell.

Warwick recorded five albums with Warners: Dionne, produced by Bacharach and David; Just Being Myself, produced by Holland-Dozier-Holland; Then Came You, produced by Jerry Ragovoy; Track of the Cat, produced by Thom Bell; and Love at First Sight, produced by Steve Barri and Michael Omartian. The singer's five-year contract with Warners expired in 1977, and with that, Warwick ended her stay at the label.

The 80s: Move to Arista

With the move to Arista Records and the release of "I'll Never Love This Way Again" (a tune written by Richard Kerr and Will Jennings and first recorded by Cheryl Ladd in 1978) in 1979, Dionne was again enjoying top success on the charts. The song was produced by Barry Manilow. The accompanying album Dionne—not to be confused with the Warner Bros. Records album of the same name—was her first to go Platinum. She had been personally signed and guided by the label's founder Clive Davis, who stated to Dionne "You may be ready to give the business up, but the business is not ready to give you up." Dionne's followup was another huge hit. "Deja Vu" was written by Isaac Hayes and Adrienne Anderson. In 1980, Dionne was nominated for the NARAS Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female for "I'll Never Love This Way Again" and Best R&B Performance, Female for "Déjà Vu". Dionne became the first artist in the history of the awards to win in both categories the same year. Her followup album, 1980's No Night So Long featured the title track written by Richard Kerr and Will Jennings which became a major hit and the album peaked at #23 on the Billboard Hot 100 Albums Chart and #22 on the Billboard Hot R & B Albums Chart.


"Heartbreaker" an Arista album from 1982, earned Warwick another RIAA certified Gold Album and the title tune became an international smash hit.

In January 1980, while under contract to Arista Records, Dionne Warwick hosted a two-hour TV special called Solid Gold '79. This was adapted into the weekly one-hour show Solid Gold, which she hosted throughout 1980 and 1981 and again in 1985-86.

After a top forty hit recorded in early 1982 with her friend and fellow musical legend Johnny Mathis—the Jay Graydon-produced "Friends in Love" from the album of the same name—Warwick's next big hit later that same year was her full-length collaboration with Barry Gibb of The Bee Gees for the album Heartbreaker. The song "Heartbreaker" became one of Dionne's biggest international hits, peaking on Billboard's Hot 100 at #10 in January 1983 and #1 AC in the USA and #2 in the UK. Internationally, the tune was also a smash in continential Europe, Australia, Japan, South Africa, Canada, and Asia. The title track was taken from the album of the same name which sold over 3 million internationally and earned Dionne an RIAA USA gold record award for the album. The album peaked at #25 on the Hot 100 Album Chart, #13 on the R&B Chart and #3 in the UK. Dionne stated to Wesley Hyatt in his The Billboard Book of Number One Adult Contemporary Hits that she was not fond of "Heartbreaker" but recorded the tune because she trusted The Bee Gees' judgment that it would be a hit. The project came about when Clive Davis was attending his aunt's wedding in Florida and spoke with Barry Gibb. Barry mentioned that he had always been a fan of Dionne's and Clive arranged for Dionne and The Bee Gees to discuss a project. Dionne and the brothers Gibb hit it off and the album and the title single were released in October 1982.

In 1983, Dionne released another notable album titled How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye which was produced by Luther Vandross. Their collaboration had been a lifelong dream of Vandross, who had maintained that he wanted to work with Warwick, Aretha Franklin, and Diana Ross. The album's most successful single was the title track, "How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye", a duet with Warwick, which peaked at #27 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single, the Dance-pop song "Got a Date", became a moderate hit on the R&B chart. The album peaked at Number 57 on The Billboard 200 album chart and Number 19 on the R&B chart. Of note was a reunion with The Shirelles on Warwick's cover of "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow". Warwick would not release another studio album until two years later, 1984's Finder of Lost Loves—an album that would reunite her with both Barry Manilow and Burt Bacharach, who was now writing with his new lyricist partner and wife, Carole Bayer Sager.

In 1985, Warwick contributed her voice to the Multi-Grammy award winning charity song: We Are the World, along with vocalists like Michael Jackson, Lionel Richie, Tina Turner and Diana Ross.


Dionne Warwick, Burt Bacharach, Carole Bayer-Sager, Gladys Knight, Stevie Wonder and Elton John, "That's What Friends Are For", 1985

In 1985, Warwick recorded the American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR) benefit single "That's What Friends Are For" alongside Gladys Knight, Elton John, and Stevie Wonder. The single, credited to "Dionne and Friends" raised over three million dollars for that cause. The tune peaked at #1 for four weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 in January 1986. In 1988, the Washington Post wrote: So working against AIDS, especially after years of raising money for work on many blood-related diseases such as sickle-cell anemia, seemed the right thing to do. "You have to be granite not to want to help people with AIDS, because the devastation that it causes is so painful to see. I was so hurt to see my friend die with such agony," Warwick remembers. "I am tired of hurting and it does hurt." The single won the performers the NARAS Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, as well as Song of the Year for its writers, Bacharach and Bayer Sager. It also was ranked by Billboard magazine as the most popular song of 1986. With this single, Warwick also released her second most successful album of the decade, titled Friends.

In July 1987, Dionne scored another Billboard Top 20 pop hit (#12) and Top 10 R&B chart hit (and #1 AC hit) with the song, "Love Power", a duet with Jeffrey Osborne. This song, another written by Burt Bacharach and Carole Bayer Sager, was featured in Warwick's album Reservations for Two. The album's title song, a duet with Kashif, was also a moderate hit. Other artists featured on the album included Smokey Robinson and June Pointer.

[edit] 1990s to present

Despite the release of another Greatest Hits album—her first with Arista—Warwick's career slowed in the 1990s. During this period, Warwick hosted infomercials for the Psychic Friends Network which featured psychic Linda Georgian. The 900 number psychic service was active from 1991 to 1998. According to press statements throughout the 1990s, the program was the most successful infomercial for several years and Warwick earned in excess of three million dollars per year as spokesperson for the network. In 1998, Information, the corporation owning the network, filed for bankruptcy and Warwick ended her association with the organization. Warwick's longtime friend and tour manager Henry Carr acknowledged in a 2002 Biography Channel interview that "when Dionne was going through an airport and a child recognized her as 'that psychic lady on TV' Dionne was crushed and said she had worked too hard as an entertainer to become known as 'the psychic lady'."


"Dionne Warwick's Friends Can Be Lovers" album was released in 1993

Warwick's most publicized album during this period was 1993's "Friends Can Be Lovers", which was produced in part by Ian Devaney and Lisa Stansfield. Featured on the album was "Sunny Weather Lover", which was the first song that Burt Bacharach and Hal David had written together for Warwick since 1972. It was Warwick's lead single in the US, and was heavily promoted by Arista, but it failed to chart. A follow-up "Where My Lips Have Been" peaked at #95 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks.

In 1993, Forrest Sawyer, host of the ABC News/Entertainment program "Day One", alleged financial improprieties by the Warwick Foundation, founded in 1989 to benefit AIDS patients, particularly Dionne Warwick's charity concert performances organized to benefit the organization. ABC alleged the Foundation was operating at a near 90% administrative cost. ABC also alleged that Warwick flew first class and was accommodated at first class hotels for charity concerts and events in which she participated for the Foundation. Warwick, who had no executive, administrative or management role in the organization, challenged ABC to investigate the foundation further and alleged that the ABC report was racially motivated. An Internal Revenue Service investigation of the Warwick Foundation found no wrongdoing or criminal activity on the part of the Board of Directors or Warwick and its status as a non-profit charity was upheld. ABC maintained the report to be factually correct but the item has not been repeated since the original air date. The Foundation was later dissolved.

In 2004, Dionne Warwick's first Christmas album was released. The CD, entitled "My Favorite Time of the Year" featured jazzy interpretations of many holiday classics. In 2007, Rhino Records re-released the CD with new cover art.

In 2005, Dionne Warwick was honored by Oprah Winfrey at her Legends Ball.

Warwick appeared on the May 24, 2006, fifth-season finale of American Idol. Millions of U.S. viewers watched Warwick sing a medley of "Walk on By" and "That's What Friends Are For", with longtime collaborator Burt Bacharach accompanying her on the piano.

In 2006, Warwick signed with Concord Records after a fifteen-year tenure at Arista. Her first release for the label was My Friends and Me, a duets album containing reworkings of her old hits, very similar in fashion to her 1998 CD "Dionne Sings Dionne" . Among her singing partners were Gloria Estefan, Olivia Newton-John, Wynonna Judd and Reba McEntire. The album peaked at #66 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album was produced by her son, Damon Elliott. A followup album featuring Warwick's old hits as duets with male vocalists was planned but the project was cancelled.

A compilation CD of her greatest hits and love songs "The Love Collection" entered the UK pop charts at number 27 on February 16, 2008.

Dionne Warwick's new gospel album, "Why We Sing", will be released on February 26, 2008 in the UK and on April 1, 2008 in the USA. The album features guest spots by her sister Dee Dee Warwick and Bebe Winans.

On October 18, 2008, Warwick's sister Dee Dee Warwick died in a nursing home in Essex County, New Jersey. She had been in failing health for several months which lead up to her death. Warwick was with her sister Dee Dee when she passed away.

On November 24, 2008 Dionne was the star performer on "Divas II" a UK ITV1 special. The show also featured Rihanna, Leona Lewis, Sugababes, Pink, Gabriella Climi and Anastacia.

Personal life


Warwick with First Lady Pat Nixon, 1971‎

Dionne Warwick married actor and drummer William Elliott (CBS's Bridget Loves Bernie-1972-73) in 1966 and the couple divorced in May 1967. They reconciled and were remarried in Milan, Italy, in August 1967 according to Time Magazine. Warwick has stated in many interviews that "It was a case of can't do with, can't do without, so I married him again." On May 30, 1975, the couple separated and Warwick was granted a divorce in December 1975 in Los Angeles. The court denied Elliott's request for $2,000 a month in support pending a community property trial and for $5,000, when Elliott insisted that he was making $500 a month in comparison to Warwick making $100,000 a month. Dionne stated in "Don't Make Me Over: Dionne Warwick", a 2002 Biography Channel interview, "I was the breadwinner. The male ego is a fragile thing. It's hard when the woman is the breadwinner. All my life, the only man who ever took care of me financially was my father. I have always taken care of myself." Warwick has been connected romantically with Philadelphia Eagles great Timmy Brown, French singer-songwriter Sacha Distel, actor Phillip Michael Thomas ("Miami Vice"), Seagram heir and CEO Edgar Bronfman, Jr., and Las Vegas restaurateur and actor Gianni Russo ("The Godfather").

On January 18, 1969, while living in East Orange, NJ, Warwick gave birth to her first son, David Elliott. Elliott is a singer-songwriter (Luther Vandross' "Here and Now" among others) and a former Los Angeles police officer. In 1993, David co-wrote with Terry Steele the Dionne Warwick-Whitney Houston duet "Love Will Find A Way" featured on her album Friends Can Be Lovers. Since 2002, David has toured with and performed duets with his famous mother periodically, and had his acting debut in the film "Ali" as the singer Sam Cooke. In 1973, Warwick's second son Damon Elliott was born. Damon Elliott is a noted music producer (Mýa, Pink) and arranged and produced his mother's 2006 Concord release My Friends and Me.

Dionne Warwick made the Top 250 Delinquent Taxpayers List published in October 2007. California Revenue & Taxation Code Section 19195 directs the Franchise Tax Board to publish an annual list of the top 250 taxpayers with liened state income tax delinquencies greater than $100,000 in an effort to collect money from those taxpayers, some of whom have been delinquent since 1987. Dionne Warwick is listed with a tax delinquency of $2,665,305.83 in personal income tax and a tax lien was filed July 24, 1997.[8]

Famous relations
Warwick's sister Dee Dee Warwick also had a successful singing career, scoring 4 Top 20 R&B hits, notably "I'm Gonna Make You Love Me" in 1967 and "She Didn't Know (She Kept On Talking)" in 1970. In 1971, at the advice of a numerologist, both Dionne and her sister Dee Dee added an "e" to the end of Warwick (thus making their professional last names "Warwicke"). The "e" was eventually dropped in mid-1975. Dee Dee passed away on October 18, 2008 in a nursing home in Essex County, New Jersey, after a long illness.
Warwick's cousin is singer Whitney Houston, and aunt is gospel singer Cissy Houston, Whitney Houston's mother.
Dionne Warwick now lives in Brazil. Warwick first visited Brazil in the early 1960s and has become so entranced by the South American country that she has bought a home there and has studied Portuguese. "I love Brazil. I see there so much of what we've lost here in America. I see complete families, from grandmother to grandchild and in between at the malls on Saturdays together, on Sundays at the park together ... I think the most important thing is that we all have problems obviously, but for whatever reasons it appears that through it all, people in Brazil still have the ability to smile, there is always tomorrow still. This attitude particularly captivated me," Warwick told Cristina M. Eibscher of News from Brazil in 1995. Warwick has adopted a favela or shanty town in Rio de Janeiro. "The Brazilian people have been offering me so much that I felt that it was time for me to give something in return for their hospitality and friendship. That's when I decided to adopt a favel and help people who are needy. It's a great feeling to know that you can contribute for the happiness and well being of others, especially for the well being of Brazilian children," Warwick explained to Eibscher.
Our Story... Just one of many!
 
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For the next couple of days, I am going to try to credit to some people who are still very alive and well. I'm STILL in lust with this woman!








VanessaWilli_Mazur_16083479.jpg

Vanessa L. Williams is one those very successful personalities that go un-noticed and will not get the credit she deserves until after she has passed on. Vanessa was the first African American Miss America. The news reels and every minor and major magazine cover the story. At that time, it was equal to what we just experienced in November 2008. A Black Miss America was just as unheard of as A Black President.




"...... Although she resigned from fulfilling the duties of a current Miss America, she was allowed to keep the bejeweled crown and scholarship money and is officially recognized by the Miss America Organization today as "Miss America 1984" and Suzette Charles as "Miss America 1984b."




In the end Vanessa was quoted as saying "the best revenge is success." And success is sweet for Vanessa. Without the Miss American Organization's help or assitance, Vanessa, to my knowledge, is most successful Miss America in the history of the pagent. I can name a few but winners but that's because I am into pagents. However, the average person couldn't name but one Miss America and that would be Vanessa L Williams. We are actually watching what the history books20will chronicle one day.



Go Vanessa!

Williams arriving at the 2007 Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week at Bryant Park in New York City, New York on February 9, 2007.

Birth name

Vanessa Lynn Williams


Born

March 18, 1963 (age 45)
Tarrytown, New York, United States



Occupation(s)

Singer-songwriter, actress



Years active

1983–present



Label(s)

Wing / Mercury (1987–1995)
Mercury (1996–1999)
Lava / Atlantic (2004–2005)
Concord (2006–Present)



Website

www.vanessawilliams.com






Vanessa Lynn Williams (born March 18, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter and actress. Williams made history on September 17, 1983 when she became the first woman of African American descent to be crowned Miss America. Williams' reign as Miss America came to an abrupt end when scandal led to her subsequent resignation of the title. Williams rebounded by launching a career as an entertainer, earning Grammy, Emmy, and Tony award nominations.

She is also well-known for her outspoken support of gay rights, having won the Human Rights Campaign "Ally for Equality" award in 2008.















Early life

Williams was born in Tarrytown, New York, the daughter of music teachers Helen and Milton Augustine Williams Jr.[1][2] Williams and her youn
ger brother Chris, who is also an actor, grew up in the predominantly white middle-class suburban area of Millwood, New York. Prophetically, her parents put "Here she is: Miss America" on her birth announcement.[3]



Education

Williams studied piano and French horn growing up, but was most interested in singing. She received a scholarship and attended Syracuse University as a Theatre Arts major from 1981 to 1983. She discontinued her education at Syracuse during her sophomore year to fulfill her duties as Miss America, and then subsequently left the university to focus on her entertainment career. Twenty-five years later she graduated from Syracuse by earning her remaining college credits through her life experience with two long running Broadway shows and a Tony Award nomination under her belt. Williams delivered the convocation address on May 10, 2008, with 480 other students in the College of Visual and Performing Arts. She stated:


"It's been 25 years since I was a student here. It just brought home what my message was, which is cherish the moment; these days are irreplaceable and are the beginning of the rest of your life".[4][5]




Pageants and Miss America title

Williams began competing in beauty pageants in the early 1980s. Williams won Miss New York in 1983, and went to the Miss America national pageant in Atlantic City. She was crowned Miss America 1984 on September 17, 198320making her the first-ever African American Miss America. Prior to the final night of competition, Williams won both the Preliminary Talent and Swimsuit Competitions from earlier in the week. Williams' reign as Miss America was not without its challenges and controversies. For the first time in pageant history, a reigning Miss America was the target of death threats and angry racist hate mail.[6]

Ten months into her reign as Miss America, she received an anonymous phone call stating that nude photos of her taken by a photographer prior to her pageant days had surfaced. Williams believed the photographs were private and had been destroyed; she claims she never signed a release permitting the photos to be used.[7]

The genesis of the photos dated back to 1982, when she worked as an assistant and makeup artist for Mount Kisco, New York photographer Tom Chiapel. According to Williams, Chiapel advised her that he wanted to try a "new concept of silhouettes with two models." He photographed Williams and another woman in several nude poses. The photographs depicted mild overtones of simulated lesbian sex, which was quite controversial for its time.[8]

Hugh Hefner, the publisher of Playboy, was initially offered the photos, but turned them down. Later Hefner would explain why in People Weekly, "Vanessa Williams is a beautiful woman. There was never any question of our interest in the photos. But they clearly weren't authorized
and because they would be the source of considerable embarrassment to her, we decided not to publish them. We were also mindful that she was the first black Miss America." Days later, Bob Guccione, the publisher of Penthouse, announced that his magazine would publish the photos in their September 1984 issue, and paid Chiapel for the rights to them without Williams' consent. According to the PBS documentary Miss America, the Vanessa Williams issue of Penthouse would ultimately bring Guccione a $14 million windfall.[6]

After days of media frenzy and sponsors threatening to pull out of the upcoming 1985 pageant, Williams felt pressured by Miss America Pageant officials to resign, and did so in a press conference on July 23, 1984. The title subsequently went to first-runner up, African-Italian Suzette Charles. In early September 1984, Vanessa filed an unheralded $500 million lawsuit against Chiapel and Guccione. According to a Williams family representative, she eventually dropped the suit to avoid further legal battles choosing to move on with her life. Vanessa is quoted as saying "the best revenge is success."

Although she resigned from fulfilling the duties of a current Miss America, she was allowed to keep the bejeweled crown and scholarship money and is officially recognized by the Miss America Organization today as "Miss America 1984" and Suzette Charles as "Miss America 1984b."

Williams' controversial reign as Miss America
is referenced in the musical Smile, which chronicles the fictitious Young American Miss pageant of 1985.



Music career

After time out of the spotlight, Williams secured a record deal, and released her debut album, The Right Stuff in 1988. The first single, "The Right Stuff", found major success on the R&B Chart while the second single "(He's Got) The Look" found similar success on the R&B charts. The third single, "Dreamin'", was a pop hit becoming Williams' first top 10 hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #8, and her first number one single on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The album reached gold status in the US and earned her three Grammy Award nominations, including one for Best New Artist.

Her second album The Comfort Zone became the biggest success in her music career. The lead single Running Back to You reached top twenty on the Hot 100, and the top position of Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart on October 5, 1991. Other singles included "The Comfort Zone" (#2 R&B), "Just for Tonight" (#26 Pop), "Work To Do" and the club-only hit "Freedom Dance (Get Free!)". The most successful single from the album, as well as her biggest hit to date is "Save the Best for Last". The song was #1 in the United States for five weeks, as well as #1 in Australia, the Netherlands, and Canada and was in the top 5 in Japan and the United Kingdom. The album sold 2.2 million copies in the U
S at its time of release and has since been certified three times platinum in the United States by the RIAA, gold in Canada by the CRIA, and platinum in the United Kingdom by the BPI. The Comfort Zone earned Williams five Grammy Award nominations.

The Sweetest Days, her third album, was released in 1994 to rave reviews. The Sweetest Days saw Williams branch out and sample other styles of music that included jazz, hip-hop, rock, and Latin-themed recordings such as "Betcha Never" and "You Can't Run", both written and produced by Babyface. Other singles from the album included the Adult Contemporary and Dance hit "The Way That You Love" and the title track "The Sweetest Days". The album was certified platinum in the US by the RIAA and earned her two Grammy Award nominations.

Other albums include two Christmas albums, Star Bright released in 1996 and Silver and Gold in 2004; Next in 1997, and Everlasting Love in 2005, along with a greatest hits compilation released in 1998 and a host of other compilations released over the years.

Notable chart performances from subsequent albums, motion picture and television soundtracks have included the songs "Love Is", "Colors of the Wind", "Where Do We Go From Here", and "Oh How the Years Go By". In total, Williams has sold over six million records and received fifteen Grammy Award nominations.

In 2007, it was announced that Williams had signed with Concord Recor
ds. A new album, which will be her eighth, is expected in 2008 and will feature old standards as well as some new material. Williams herself describes the new project as "sassy".[9]



Acting career



Theatrical roles

Williams parlayed her ascendant music career into a theatrical role when she was cast in the Broadway production of Kiss of the Spider Woman in 1994. She was also featured in the Tony-nominated and Drama Desk Award nominated performance as the Witch in Stephen Sondheim's Into the Woods in a revival of the show in 2002, which included songs revised for her.

Other notable theatrical roles include her performances in Carmen Jones at the Kennedy Center, the off-Broadway productions of One Man Band and Checkmates, and the New York City Center's Encores! Great American Musicals in Concert, St. Louis Woman.



Feature film roles

Williams has appeared in several feature films. Her most prominent role was in the film Soul Food (1997), for which she won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture. Williams appeared in the 1991 cult classic film Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man. She also co-starred with Arnold Schwarzenegger in the movie Eraser and opposite Chayanne in Dance with Me.

In 2007, Williams returned to the big screen starring in two independent motion pictures. The first being My Brother, for which she won Best Actress honors at the
Harlem International Film Festival, the African-American Women in Cinema Film Festival and at the Santa Barbara African Heritage Film Festival, and the second being And Then Came Love. In 2009, she will star alongside Miley Cyrus in Hannah Montana: The Movie.[10]



Television

Williams' first television appearance was on a 1984 episode of The Love Boat, playing herself. She subsequently made guest appearances on a number of shows, including T.J. Hooker, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Saturday Night Live, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, LateLine, MADtv, Ally McBeal and Boomtown.

She has had many appearances in television movies and miniseries, including Perry Mason: The Case of the Silenced Singer and The Jacksons: An American Dream. She played the nymph Calypso in the 1997 Hallmark Entertainment miniseries The Odyssey, starring Armand Assante. She appeared as the Ebenezer Scrooge character in an update of the Charles Dickens story "A Christmas Carol" called "A Diva's Christmas Carol". In 2001, Williams starred in the Lifetime cable movie about the life of Henriette DeLille, The Courage to Love. In early 2006 she starred in the short lived UPN drama South Beach.

In 2007, Williams received considerable media attention for her comic/villainess role as former magazine creative director turned editor-in-chief Wilhelmina Slater in the ABC comedy series Ugly Betty, produced by Salma Hayek. Her performance on the series resulted in
a nomination for outstanding supporting actress at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards. She also provides the voice for the main character on the PBS Kids version of Mama Mirabelle's Home Movies. In 2008, she was again nominated for outstanding supporting actress in a comedy series for Ugly Betty.



Other media appearances

Williams has appeared in advertisements for RadioShack. She is a spokesmodel for Proactiv Solution, and was the first African American spokesmodel for L'Oréal cosmetics in the late 1990s. Her other media appearances include endorsing Crest Rejuvenating Effects Toothpaste, appearing on Who Wants to be a Millionaire in 2000 as a contestant, endorsing Disneyland and Universal Studios in a VisitCalifornia advert for the UK and Ireland 2008, and hosting the 6th Annual 2008 TV Land Awards show.



Name conflict

Vanessa L. Williams is most often referenced and publicly recognized simply as "Vanessa Williams". There is, however, occasional confusion with similarly-named actress Vanessa A. Williams, who first came to national notice in 1992, when she appeared in the first season of Melrose Place. Both are African-American.

It is reported that Williams (VLW) first became aware of Vanessa A. Williams (VAW) in the 1980s when her New York University registrar told her that another, similarly aged girl with the same name and from the same state had applied.[11][12] When VLW appeared as Miss Ameri
ca in a Macy's Day Parade, VAW accidentally received her check for the appearance (which she returned).[11]

In the area of acting, the two ran into name conflict when Screen Actors Guild rules prohibited duplicate stage naming. VAW had registered the name "Vanessa Williams" first,[11] so as a compromise, VLW was occasionally credited as "Vanessa L. Williams" in acting credits. To compound the confusion, both actresses starred in versions of the drama Soul Food (VLW in the film version, and VAW in its TV series adaptation). The Screen Actors Guild eventually took the issue to arbitration and decided that both actresses could use the professional name "Vanessa Williams".[12] Today the stage name "Vanessa Williams" has widely come to be solely attributable to VLW. She is credited as such in the American television series Ugly Betty, and as owner of the internet domain name vanessawilliams.com. To differentiate, VAW is most often publicly and professionally referenced as "Vanessa A. Williams".

In a 1997 interview with Playboy magazine, VLW claims VAW made a "catty remark" about her when VAW appeared in a Broadway play.[13] A year later, VLW told Canoe.ca: "(The other Vanessa Williams) registered the name first, but I made the name famous so I have more claim to it these days".[11]

There is also another singer named Vanessa Williams, a gospel vocalist.



Personal life

Williams is Catholic.[14] She has be
en married twice. Her first marriage, to her then-manager Ramon Hervey II, was from 1987 to 1997. They have three children: Melanie (born 1987), Jillian (born 1989), and Devin (born 1993).

Her second marriage was to former NBA basketball player Rick Fox. They married in September 1999 and have a daughter, Sasha Gabriella (born May 2000). After The National Enquirer published pictures of Fox kissing another woman in mid-2004, Fox's representative announced that the couple had been "headed toward divorce" for over a year.[15] A few months later in August 2004, Fox filed for divorce.[16] During some press interviews, Williams cast some doubt on the divorce status,[17] but while visiting the Howard Stern radio show in March 2005, she said that while she and Fox were intimate with each other briefly during the 2004 holidays, a reconciliation was unlikely.[18]

In early 2006, Williams dated 29-year-old actor Rob Mack, whom she met on the set of her show South Beach.[19]

She is currently single and resides in Beverly Hills, California and Chappaqua, New York.

During an interview with Barbara Walters which aired on February 24, 2008, Williams not only admitted to using Botox but also called it "a miracle drug, no cutting, nothing, and I love it. But I also want to act so I don't do it to freeze my face."[20]



Popular culture

In The Simpsons episode "Lisa the Beauty Queen", Krusty the Klown in
forms the pageant audience that it is possible for the runner-up to inherit the crown. He says, "And don't say it'll never happen. Because we all remember that thing that happened with what's her name. Click, click. You know", a reference to Williams' nude photographs.

In the episode "Itchy and Scratchy Land", when driving to the amusement park, Homer turns on the radio to hear the following "Continuing our "Sign of Evil" countdown, here's Vanessa Williams", another reference to Williams' singing career.

Williams also contributes in an album featuring English-language translations of songs from the world-popular Japanese pop music girl group Morning Musume. She sings a translated version of their tenth single, "I Wish".

Digital Underground referenced Vanessa Williams in the remix version of their song "Doowutchyalike." The line goes "Vanessa Williams, ooh you're so divine, just wanna put your name in my rhyme..." They also reference her in their song "Packet Man."

Calypso singer Mighty Sparrow wrote and recorded a song about her following her Miss America scandal entitled Vanessa.

Our Story.... One of many!
 
Eatonville: the first black town
The time was Reconstruction. The Civil War was over, slavery was dead and blacks across the South were looking forward to prosperity and a better way of life. Some started establishing homes and businesses in white communities - which often led to friction between the two groups.



Rather than be shunted off to undesirable parts of town, many blacks established independent communities known as "race colonies." Such was Eatonville.

A number of blacks lived in the white community of Maitland. In 1882, businessman Joseph C. Clarke bought some land from Maitland Mayor Josiah C. Eaton. Clarke began selling lots to black families from Maitland and nearby Orlando and Winter Park. By 1887, though race relations were relatively harmonious, many blacks dreamed of having their own town. On Aug. 15 of that year, 27 registered voters, all black men, met and voted to incorporate. The new town consisted of 112 acres (the land Clarke bought, plus a 10-acre donated tract) and was called Eatonville in honor of the original owner.

That vote made history: Eatonville was the first incorporated African-American community in the nation. Some 100 such communities were founded during the same era; only about a dozen remain.



Surrounded by ever-expanding Orlando and its surrounding communities, the town is perhaps best known these days for its annual showcase of arts, literature and culture that celebrates native daughter Zora Neale Hurston (www.zoranealshurstonfestival.com).

The most recent event, held in late January, drew some 160,000 people to the tiny metropolis and attracted such big-name talent as salsa legend Celia Cruz, the Ramsey Lewis Trio and gospel storyteller and evangelist Dorothy Norwood, who once opened for the Rolling Stones.

The event also included education and fun events for some 10,000 to 15,000 youngsters; forums on jazz, theater and film presentations; and a street festival that included live music , a writers' pavilion, a juried art exhibit and demonstrations of traditional crafts, as well as vendors and a variety of food merchants.

The town also boasts the small but soon-to-expand Zora Neale Hurston National Museum of Fine Arts. This year's program consists of six exhibitions devoted largely to African-American artists.


Have a great day!
 
Black Ice Roots of Hockey



http://notthead.wordpress.com/2007/02/25/black-ice-negro-hockey-chl/


Black Ice!
unknown-ans-team.jpg


Setting the Ice Hockey Historical Record Straight!

Our knowledge of the roots of Canadian hockey has been based almost solely on the historical records maintained by early White historians. Because of this, the misconception that hockey is a White man's invention has persisted. We know today, such an assumption could not be further from historical fact. The roots of early Canadian hockey originate with the North American Indians. The roots of modern Canadian hockey originate, in large part, from the influence of an even more surprising source, that of early African-Canadian hockey. For it was Black hockey players in the later half of the nineteenth century whose style of play and innovations helped shape the sport, effectively changing the game of hockey forever. Page 12.

The First Black Ice Hockey Players - 1820 to 1870
With certainty, we can only date Black hockey to the early 1870's, yet we know that hockey and Black history in Nova Scotia have parallel roots, going back almost 100 years. Among the first reports of hockey being played occur in 1815 along the isolated Northwest Arm, south of Halifax. The date is important for the simple fact that as late as October 1815 the region was not home to a large White settlement but was instead the site of a small Black enclave. Four Black families originally from the Chesapeake Bay area, with a total of fifteen children, had relocated and settled on the Arm. It is reported that these families, Couney, Williams, Munro and Leale, received adequate food, lodging and employment implying that their children were healthy and would have been able to play hockey during the winter months when the Arm was frozen and suitable for skating. Were these children among the first Canadians to play the game of hockey? We do not know. All we can say is that the coincidence between the date of the Northwest Arm's Black settlement and the first records of hockey being played in the area are worthy of reflection. Page 12-13.

The Stanley Cup -1893
During the nineteenth century, it had been the English who had introduced the concept of competitive sports to much of the world. In an age of the Victorians and Victorian ideals, sports were regarded as models of teamwork and fair play. Many believed that sports could raise the lower classes and non-White races to a higher level of civilization and social development. All was well, the theory held as long as White men continued to win at whatever sport they played. Hockey was no different. By recognizing Canadian hockey Stanley had accomplished something more. He has given the game "royal acceptance" removing its status as a game of the lowly masses and creating a tiered sport based on club elitism and commercialism. It is no secret that the Stanley Cup was only to be competed for by select teams within Canada. At the time of its presentation, it was a symbol for self-promotion all the while serving a "supposed need". In time, those who controlled the Challenge Cup controlled hockey, effectively creating a "bourgeoisie" sport. A sport that now, by its very nature, would exclude and fail to recognize Black contributions. Page 14.

The Birth Of All-Black Hockey Teams -1895
The first recorded mention of all-Black hockey teams appears in 1895. Games between Black club teams were arranged by formal invitation. By 1900, The Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes had been created, headquartered in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Despite hardships and prejudice, the league would exist until the mid-1920s. Historically speaking, The Colored Hockey League was like no other hockey or sports league before or since. Primarily located in a province, reputed to be the birthplace of Canadian hockey, the league would in time produce a quality of player and athlete that would rival the best of White Canada. Such was the skill of the teams that they would be seen by as worthy candidates for local representation in the annual national quest for Canadian hockey's ultimate prize - the Stanley Cup. Page 15.

Black Hockey Leadership -1895
They were more than educated Blacks, in fact they were the first generation of Black men who refused to answer the ageless question: "Whose Negro Are You?" The first of their race to demand what was rightfully theirs; the first generation to refuse to stand at the back of a line. Page 55.

On The Destruction Of The Colored Hockey League -- 1912
Were the Blacks sending a message to area Whites? Was this "an eye for an eye," a payback for Williams' death and other past events? In order for four White-owned buildings to go up in flames almost simultaneously, it would require an orchestrated group effort. It would require a group of people working in tandem with one goal. If it were the work of Blacks it would have been an effort organized either on Gottingen Street or out in Africville. If indeed this was payback, then who better to accomplish this task than members of the Colored League -- men who had had their league destroyed, lands stolen, and business enterprises crushed at the hands of Whites. On January 12, 1912 someone had sent the White Elite of Halifax a message. The message was simple: "Burn Us -- We Burn You!" Page 132.

When They Destroyed Africville, They Destroyed The Birthplace of Modern Canadian Hockey -- 1960s
The outright theft and destruction of Africville in the mid to late 1960s remains one of the most shameful chapters in modern Canadian history. To date, though numerous Federal government officials in Ottawa, and scores of Provincial and community politicians in Nova Scotia, have given verbal support to the Black fight for retribution, their words are only designed for political benefit and often carry little if any substance. The politicians say what they feel their audience wants to hear and few are ever called to task for their statements. It is a game that is played well by those who are only interested in securing their own social status and economic being. Africville is more than a Black Canadian tragedy. It speaks volumes about the social character of Canada and all Canadians. For by allowing the weak to be crushed by the strong we set the precedent where men's actions and not the rule of law determine the status quo and the definition of democracy and justice. By allowing the powerful to deny justice and dignity to those within our society who cannot fight back we set a standard for which future disputes are resolved. Laws and democracy can only be protected if people are willing to fight for them. Page 191.

The Truth Shall Set Us Free.
Today there are no monuments to the Colored Hockey League of the Maritimes. There is no reference to the league in any but a few books on hockey. There is no reference to Henry Sylvester Williams, James Johnston, James Kinney or the scores of players who wore the Colored League uniforms. There is no reference in the Hockey Hall of Fame of the impact that Blacks had in the development of the modern game of hockey. No reference to the Black origin of the slap shot. There is no reference to the Black origin of the offensive style of goal play exhibited by Franklyn. There is no reference to the Black origin of goalies going down on ice in order to stop the puck. There is no reference to the Black practice of entertaining the crowds with a half-time show. It is as if the league had never existed. For hockey is today a sport Whiter in history than a Canadian winter. Page 195 - 196.
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Story 2

http://www.birthplaceofhockey.com/hockeyists/african-n-s-teams/segr-integr.htm

If you have time, check out the site.

The Colored Hockey Championship of the Maritimes
by Dr. Garth Vaughan ©
Presented at “Putting it on Ice” World Hockey Conference, St. Mary’s University, Oct 3, 2001

Segregation - Integration
Black Hockey Roots of Nova Scotia :
As the Mi'kmaq carvers of Nova Scotia first gathered both hornbeam and yellow birch trees from which to fashion sticks for Ice Hockey, they called them "hockey roots". There is no doubt that the "roots" of the very game of Ice Hockey lie within Nova Scotia, and the deepest of those roots lies in Windsor.
Unfortunately, the roots of the problem of segregation of African Canadians from Ice Hockey also lie within Nova Scotia - but then again, so do the roots of integration. Racism is a learned behavior. It is much easier to prevent than to overcome. The secret to prevention lies in proper respect for people in general. Respect is a natural phenomenon with children that can be reinforced by caring adults. Research shows that the first indications of integration of Black players onto adult white hockey teams started in Windsor , Nova Scotia and began on the basis of "respect". The Paris family of Windsor agree with this theory for they were at the centre of the process and have played a vital part in the major contributions made to Ice Hockey by Maritime African Canadians in subsequent years.
The Desire to Play:
It is generally understood that unless one begins to skate and to play Ice Hockey in childhood, he or she never becomes good at either. Therefore, when Black men began playing good, competitive games in public rinks in the Maritimes in 1895, it is a given that they had been involved in both for a decade or more.
Maritime Black Population:
The first Black settlers in Nova Scotia arrived from Africa in 1741, followed by Black United Empire Loyalists in 1763 and others after the War of 1812. By 1890, the Black population was 6000. Of these, 4000 lived in segregated neighborhoods of the Halifax/Dartmouth area and fringe communities of Africville, Preston and Hammond 's Plains. Communities of 100 or so existed in other towns. Only 165 Blacks lived on Prince Edward Island in a community known as The Bog in Charlottetown 's West End .
Overcoming:
Since segregation prevented Blacks from playing hockey with white teams, they created their own. Since white teams refused to accept challenges to play, Blacks played contests with each other and seven teams existed in the Maritimes by 1900. They referred to the themselves as 'The Colored League", as they played for "The Colored Hockey Championship of the Maritimes". Three teams chose names out of respect for the monarchy like the Dartmouth Jubilees, Amherst Royals and Truro Victorias. Others were the Halifax Eurekas, Africville Seasides, and Hammond 's Plains Mossbacks. Prince Edward Island 's only team was Charlottetown 's West End Rangers. New Brunswick had a significant Black population in the Saint John area but did not enter a team into competition. Cape Breton had a small Black population of men who came from Alabama (three train car loads) to work in coal mining. They would have had no knowledge of skating or Ice Hockey.
Getting Started:
Poverty made it difficult for Black parents to feed and clothe their families, let alone afford skates for young men to play Ice Hockey. Sticks were easily accessed as Black craftsmen made and sold them at the local market along with native Mi'kmaq carvers. Considering the level of poverty, discrimination, and segregation, it's a wonder that any Blacks got to skate or to play Ice Hockey. However, their desire to play transcended the cultural difficulties which otherwise denied them. Many frozen ponds were available for games in the Halifax/Dartmouth area while "Government Pond" at "The Bog" was the favorite site for The West End Rangers of Charlottetown. Players developed competitive skills by a team of fathers playing a team of sons. In that era, teams consisted of a spare and seven players who played the entire game, so that in all, the seven Maritime teams consisted of some 56 players. Their story is important to record as an important part of our hockey heritage - the development and romance of the game.
Game Time and Travel:
Although players and the press often referred to the Colored Hockey "League", there was no "league" in the conventional sense of the term for there was no set schedule of games, nor could there be, for Mother Nature was in complete control of natural-ice conditions. Games were arranged by letter of invitation or by a notice of a "challenge match" placed in a newspaper. This was subject to a response, as well as to the availability of a rink. Since white teams pre-booked ice time in the coldest part of the season, most Black encounters took place in late February and early March, on slow, soft, often wet ice when white teams were finished for the season. There were no cars at the time, and travel between towns was by railway - Cape Breton and P.E.I. were reached by ferry.
Acceptance:
While regular games by white teams brought crowds of 200-300, Black games attracted up to 1200 mainly white fans. The caliber of play was fairly well documented, considering that journalists were only beginning to formulate terms for reporting hockey games. Hard-fought games with exciting end-to-end rushes, frequent on-ice skirmishes, and marked team-rivalry made for happy fans. Rink owners recognized the financial opportunity and promoted games with prominent newspaper ads.
Accomplishments:
Entertainment at Black encounters was the name of the game for fans and players alike. A race between the fastest players of each team preceded games, and the ten minute intermission between the two thirty-minute periods, was filled with acrobatics and circus-like comedy at high speed. The Black Communities of P.E.I., Truro and New Glasgow also had their own brass bands which performed before games and between periods late into the 1920s.
Goal Tender Goes To Ice:
A general rule of hockey in the early 1900s required the Goal Tender to remain upright for the entire game. He used ordinary gloves, cricket pads and the same type stick as other players, because the wider "goal stick" was not yet in common use. Black teams were first to allow their Goal Tenders to go to ice, a practice not allowed in games elsewhere until the formation of the NHL in 1917.
Social Aspects:
Following each game, a social event took place featuring a banquet provided by the host club and a cordial invitation by the visitors for a return match. Turkey and Goose Dinners, and camaraderie amongst players were mentioned in newspaper accounts. Play-off matches at the end of the season to decide the annual championship team were often the only games played. No trophy was available for recognition - merely the title, "Colored Hockey Championship of The Maritimes", which, probably also meant "Colored Hockey Championship of the World"!
Criticism:
While large crowds indicated general acceptance, newspaper accounts document that verbal abuse flourished with both crowds and journalists. Reporters were racist in attitude in the first couple of years, more respectful for a few years, and then reverted to racist reporting for a short while - finally ignoring Black games. There is nothing to gain by printing the epithets used, nevertheless, all common ones and some never imagined, appeared in the Maritime press.
Three Decades of Black Hockeyists:
The relative popularity of Black teams in hockey in the Halifax area was short lived, between 1900 and 1914. In 1906, The Acadian Recorder reported that the games were not as interesting or as popular as previously, with only about 100 mostly Black people attending. Meanwhile, white teams did not play Black teams nor did Black players get to play on white teams. As activity subsided in the Halifax area, new teams were formed elsewhere and in 1920 as the Truro "SHIEKS" beat the New Glasgow "SPEEDBOYS" to capture the "Colored Hockey Championship". In 1921, the P.E.I. West End Rangers defeated the New Glasgow "ROVERS" and retained the Championship for two years. Those three teams continued the tradition until 1928.
Overview of Integration:
Games between Afro-Canadians which began in Nova Scotia in 1895 were also the beginning of the struggle for Blacks everywhere to be accepted in Canada 's National Winter Sport. The gradually increasing level of respect for certain Black families in small towns appears to have played a significant role in this integration as Black players eventually got to play on white teams in the late 1930s.
In Windsor , the Paris and Jackson families lived within town limits through the 1920s and the children attended the public school. John "Buster" Paris and Percy Jackson first played pond hockey with young white friends, followed by junior high school intermural hockey. They went on to play in the Annapolis Valley High School Hockey League as members of otherwise white teams. In 1937, Buster was the only Black player in the Windsor Senior Town League.
In nearby Wolfville, during the 1930s, Mr. Clifford Oliver was a respected employee of Acadia University . His family members were well accepted in Wolfville at church and school where the children were high achievers. When Clifford's son William "Billy" Oliver attended Acadia University , he played in the Acadia "College Band", played on the water polo team and was a forward on the 1934 Acadia Hockey Team.
The Dorrington and Byard families followed a similar course in Truro . Art and Doug Dorrington played for the Truro Sheiks all Black team and went on to play for a white team, the Stellarton Royals in the APC League in the 1949-50 series. Art went to the New Haven Night Hawks and the Boston Americans before retiring from Ice Hockey to become a Sheriff in Alabama .
In the 1950s-60s, Buster Paris's children had become outstanding athletes and key players in the newly formed Windsor Minor Sports Program. Meanwhile, in the nearby rural community of Five Mile Plains there was a segregated Black school, and none of those children got to play with a white hockey team. When the children reached high school age, they transferred to the Windsor Academy , and thus became integrated into the white school system, but, not having achieved early hockey skills, they still did not get to play on white teams.
Wider Acceptance:
Maritime African Canadian hockey players gradually became integrated onto white teams. Manny MacIntyre of Devon, N.B. played on the incredible Sherbrooke Saints all-Black line in Quebec during the 1950s along with Herbie and Ossie Carnegie of Ontario , one of the greatest lines ever to play Ice Hockey in Canada .
1960- John Paris Jr. was playing for Windsor Royals Midget team when scouted by Scotty Bowman and taken to Quebec to play and later coach in Quebec Hockey Leagues and scout for the NHL.
In 1964, John's brother Percy played for King's College School in Windsor as the team won the Nova Scotia Headmaster's League Championship for the first time ever. He played on an all-Black line for Saint Marys University with Robert "Bob" Dawson of Dartmouth, N.S. and Darrel Maxwell (Chook Maxwell's younger brother) of Truro, N.S., a noted baseball and hockey player who was scouted by Punch Imlach along with Willie O'Ree of Frederickton to the Boston Bruins organization in 1955, and played in the WHL and the IHL for a decade. Willie O'Ree was accepted as first Black player in NHL for Boston Bruins in 1957.
Mike Paris, son of John Paris Sr. played with brothers John and Percy in Windsor , N.S. Minor Hockey Program in the 1960s.
Two decades followed before another Black player was admitted to the NHL. Bill Riley of Amherst joined the Washington Capitals of the NHL in 1974-1980. Eldon "Pokey" Reddick of Halifax became the first Black Goalie in the NHL when he joined the Winnipeg Jets in 1986, moving to the Edmonton Oilers from 1988-91. Then in 1994 John Paris Jr. of Windsor , Nova Scotia become the first Black coach in professional hockey with the Atlanta Knights, leading the team to the IHA Championship.
2001 March 3, 2001 John "Buster" Paris was inducted into the Birthplace of Hockey Hall of Fame as a "Builder".
There is an old adage which says "Walk a mile in another man's shoes to know what life is like for him." I fear we'd have to skate a long time on old-fashioned Starr Skates to know what life was like for the hockeyists in the "Colored Hockey Championship of the Maritimes", as well as all African Canadian players who have followed their lead.


Our only "Coloured" Hockey League Picture

African-Nova Scotian Team
Composit of News Clipping and Photo
Anyone with any information about this team
please contact us and let us know.
CONTACT
We want to extend our archive and our knowledge
of African-Nova Scotian Ice Hockey Teams
and African-Canadian Hockey History in general.
Any assistance you can give us would be appreciated.
We are presently working on creating a section on
African-Canadian Hockey History.
NOTE :
1900 - Nova Scotia had the First "'Black' Hockey League in World" - "Coloured" Hockey League of the Maritimes
operated for two decades, 1900-1920.
1900 - The first time "Goal Keepers were allowed down on the ice
to stop the puck" were the African-Nova Scotians
of our "Coloured" Hockey League of the Maritimes.
This practice was not allowed in NHL until 1917.
for other "Nova Scotian Firsts", see the Origins section.


Have yourself a lovely day!
 
Last edited:
Home Security Systems - Marie Brown, Sidney Jacoby
By Mary Bellis
homesecurity.gif

Marie Brown
The first video home security system was patented (patent #3,482,037) on December 2, 1969 to Marie Brown. The system used television surveillance.


Sidney Jacoby
Combination smoke and heat detector alarm
Patent Abstract - Sidney Jacoby - 3,938,115 - February 10, 1976
A combination smoke and heat detector alarm including a self contained stored energy source in the form of a cylinder of compressed gas. A T-fitting connects to the cylinder and feeds separate conduit systems leading to individual sounding devices. A fusible element is interposed in one of the conduit systems to automatically permit transfer of the compressed gas to a first sounding device upon the presence of elevated temperatures. A solenoid operated switch is interposed in the other conduit system to normally prevent the flow of gas. The solenoid is responsive to a smoke detector and is wired to open the solenoid valve upon sensing the presence of a predetermined concentration of smoke.
 
Patricia Bath Patricia Bath became the first African American woman doctor to receive a patent for a medical invention.

By Mary Bellis

Dr. Patricia Bath, an ophthalmologist from New York, but living in Los Angeles when she received her patent, became the first African American woman doctor to receive a patent for a medical invention. Patricia Bath's patent (no. 4,744,360), a method for removing cataract lenses, transformed eye surgery, using a laser device making the procedure more accurate.

Patricia Bath's passionate dedication to the treatment and prevention of blindness led her to develop the Cataract Laserphaco Probe. The probe, patented in 1988, is designed to use the power of a laser to quickly and painlessly vaporize cataracts from patients' eyes, replacing the more common method of using a grinding, drill-like device to remove the afflictions. With another invention, Bath was able to restore sight to people who had been blind for over 30 years. Patricia Bath also holds patents for her invention in Japan, Canada, and Europe.
patriciabath.gif

Patricia Bath graduated from the Howard University School of Medicine in 1968 and completed specialty training in ophthalmology and corneal transplant at both New York University and Columbia University. In 1975, Bath became the first African-American woman surgeon at the UCLA Medical Center and the first woman to be on the faculty of the UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute. She is the founder and first president of the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Patricia Bath was elected to Hunter College Hall of Fame in 1988 and elected as Howard University Pioneer in Academic Medicine in 1993.
 
Good Reads.

My advice, shorten the reads and give links to the complete article.
This'll keep Colin out of ur posts.

Good Work

My $0.02
 
Gil Scott Heron, an American poet and musician known primarily for his late 1960s and early 1970s work as a spoken word performer.
securedownload

Mr. Heron recites poems (spoken word) that uses sarcasm and wit to make the point that the white people who “discovered” Africa weren’t exactly discovering anything, and certainly weren’t good for the indigenous people. He talked about life in urban America and the politics of his day.

I consider his perspective on the matters discussed in his work not only interesting, but virtually impossible to argue with. Check out a few of his video clips:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b54rB64fXY4

This BlackFact was made possible by my friend.:cool:
 
In 1972, African Americans held their first polical assembly. In 2008, The United States of America elected it's first Black President.
Is the highlight of the convention and the issues on the agenda of polical assembly in 1972 still relevant in 2008/2009?

Highlight! - The reason for the convention
To accept the challenge is to move to independent Black politics. There can be no equivocation on that issue. History leaves us no other choice. White politics has not and cannot bring the changes we need." This was a break from the integrationist sensibility. The idea that blacks and the white activists might fight together was in the past. This conventions theme was now Blacks must go for themselves.



http://www.aaregistry.com/african_a...isrt_National_Black_Political_Convention_held
Fisrt National Black Political Convention held

March 10
On this date in 1972 the first National Black Political Assembly was held.

Some eight thousand African Americans (three thousand of whom were official delegates) arrived in Gary, Indiana, to attend their first convention, which was more commonly known as the "Gary Convention.” A sea of Black faces chanted, "It’s Nation Time! It’s Nation Time!" No one in the room had ever seen anything like this before. The radical Black nationalists clearly won the day; moderates who supported integration and backed the Democratic Party were in the minority.

Most of the delegates, at least the most vocal ones, agreed that African-American communities faced a social and economic crisis, and that nothing short of fundamental changes in the political and economic system could bring an end to this crisis. As the famous Gary Declaration put it: "A Black political convention, indeed all truly Black politics, must begin from this truth: The American system does not work for the masses of our people, and it cannot be made to work without radical, fundamental changes. The challenge is thrown to us here in Gary. It is the challenge to consolidate and organize our own Black role as the vanguard in the struggle for a new society.

To accept the challenge is to move to independent Black politics. There can be no equivocation on that issue. History leaves us no other choice. White politics has not and cannot bring the changes we need." This was a break from the integrationist sensibility. The idea that blacks and the white activists might fight together was in the past. This conventions theme was now Blacks must go for themselves.


The National Polical Convention
http://www.indianahistory.org/library/manuscripts/collection_guides/sc2643.html
On 10–12 March 1972, several thousand African Americans gathered in Gary, Indiana, for the National Black Political Convention. The convention pulled together a cross section of people representing a wide range of political philosophies. Held at Westside High School, the event brought together Republicans, Democrats, nationalists, Socialists, and independents.
The steering committee consisted of Gary mayor, Richard G. Hatcher, U.S. representative Charles C. Diggs, and Imamu Baraka (also known as poet LeRoi Jones). The convention was a culmination of a series of earlier meetings, mostly held in 1971. The purpose of the meetings was to develop a unified political strategy for African Americans from 1972 forward. Convened by Diggs, the first planning session for the 1972 convention was held in Washington, D.C., 30 January 1972. A convenor was identified for every participating state. Delegates were selected from statewide political caucuses. (All blacks holding elective office in a state automatically qualified as state delegates.) In addition to the steering committee, participants listed on the program for the three-day conference included Carl Stokes, Louis Stokes, Yvonne Braithwaite, Jesse Jackson, Walter E. Fauntroy, Ronald V. Dellums, Richard Roundtree, Bobby Seale, Louis Farrakhan, Vincent Harding, Patricia Patterson, Kim Weston, Barbara Jordan, and Julian Bond.
An ambitious agenda included numerous issues, most of which did not and have not materialized. Several of these issues have resurfaced and continue to be part of political discussions of other groups. Issues listed on the agenda of the National Black Political Convention included:
Home rule for the District of Columbia;
Establishment of national network of community health centers;
Establishment of system of national health insurance;
Elimination of capital punishment;
Creation of a new urban-based Homestead Act;
Government guarantee of minimum annual income of $5200 for family of four;
Minimum wage guarantee of $2.50;
Establishment of a black United Fund;
Effective enforcement of anti-trust legislation.
 
African Popes
There were three African Popes who came from the region of North Africa. Although there are no authentic portraits of these popes, there are drawings and references in the Catholic Encyclopedia as to their being of African background. The names of the Three African Popes are: Victor (183-203 A.D.), Gelasius (492-496 A.D.), and Mechiades or Militiades (311-314 A.D.). All are saints.

Pope Saint Victor 1 -
Saint Victor was born in Africa and bore a Latin name as most African did at that time. Saint Victor was the fifteenth pope and a native of black Africa. He served during the reign of Emperor Septimus Severus, also African, who had led Roman legions in Britain. Some of the known contributions of Victor were his reaffirming the holy feast of Easter to be held on Sunday as Pius has done. As a matter of fact, he called Theophilous, Bishop of Alexandria, on the carpet for not doing this. He also condemned and excommunicated Theodore of Byzantium because of the denial of the divinity of Jesus Christ. He added acolytes to the attendance of the clergy. He was crowned with martyrdom. He was pope for ten years, two months and ten days. He was buried near the body of the apostle Peter, the first pope in Vatican. Some reports relate that St. Victor died in 198 A.D. of natural causes. Other accounts stated he suffered martyrdom under Servus. He is buried in St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City near the "Convessio."
Pope Saint Victor 1 feast day is July 28th.
Pope Saint Gelasius 1
Saint Gelasius was born in Rome of African parents and was a member of the Roman clergy from youth. Of the three African popes, Gelasius seems to have been the busiest. He occupied the holy papacy four years, eight months and eighteen days from 492 A.D. until 496 A.D. Gelasius followed up Militades' work with the Manicheans. He exiled them from Rome and burned their books before the doors of the basilica of the holy Mary. He delivered the city of Rome from the peril of famine. He was a writer of strong letters to people of all rank and classes. He denounced Lupercailia, a fertility rite celebration. He asked them sternly why the gods they worshipped had not provided calm seas so the grain ships could have reached Rome in time for the winter. He wrote to Femina, a wealthy woman of rank, and asked her to have the lands of St. Peter, taken by the barbarians and the Romans, be returned to the church. The lands were needed for the poor who were flocking to Rome. His theory on the relations between the Church and the state are explained in the Gelasian Letter to the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius. He was known for his austerity of life and liberality to the poor.
There is today in the library of the church at Rome a 28 chapter document on church administration and discipline. Pope Saint Gelasius 1 feast day is November 21st.
Pope Saint Miliades 1
Saint Miltiades was one of the Church's Black Popes. Militades occupied the papacy from 311 to 314 A.D. serving four years, seven months and eight days. Militiades decreed that none of the faithful should fast on Sunday or on the fifth day of the week ...because this was the custom of the pagans. He also found residing in Rome a Persian based religion call Manichaenism. He furthered decreed that consecrated offerings should be sent throughout the churches from the pope's consecration. This was call leaven. It was Militiades who led the church to final victory over the Roman Empire. Militiades was buried on the famous Appain Way.
Pope Saint Militiades feast day is December 10th.
 
Marshall Taylor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
220px-Paris2.jpg

Marshall Taylor
Major Taylor, Paris 1908
Personal information
Nickname Major
The Worcester Whirlwind
The Black Cyclone
Date of birth November 26, 1878
Date of death June 28, 1932 (aged 53)
Country United States
Team information
Discipline Track
Role Rider
Rider type Sprinter
Professional team(s)1
1896 Worcester Cycle Manufacturing Company
Major wins
1896 Madison Square Garden he lapped the
entire field during the half-mile race
1896 League of American Wheelmen one mile race
1899 - World Champion - One mile




Marshall Walter (Major) Taylor (November 26, 1878–June 21, 1932) was an American cyclist who won the world one-mile track cycling championship in 1899 — after setting numerous world records and over-coming strong racial discrimination. Taylor was only the second African-American athlete to achieve the level of world championship — after boxer George Dixon.


Early life

Taylor was the son of Gilbert Taylor and Saphronia Kelter, who had migrated from Louisville, Kentucky with their large family to a farm in rural Indiana. Taylor's father was employed in the household of a wealthy Indianapolis family as a coachman, where Taylor was also raised and educated. At an early age, the family gave Taylor a bicycle, and he began working as an entertainer at the age of thirteen. Taylor was hired to perform cycling tricks stunts outside a bicycle shop while wearing a soldier's uniform — hence the nickname "Major."

Racing career

As an African-American, Taylor was banned from bicycle racing in Indiana once he started winning and made a reputation as "The Black Cyclone." In 1896, he moved from Indianapolis to Middletown, Connecticut, then a center of the United States bicycle industry with half a dozen factories and thirty bicycle shops, to work as a bicycle mechanic in the Worcester Cycle Manufacturing Company factory, owned by Birdie Munger who was to become his lifelong friend and mentor, and racer for Munger's team. His first east coast race was in a League of American Wheelmen one mile race in New Haven, where he started in last place but won.

In late 1896, Taylor entered his first professional race in Madison Square Garden, where he lapped the entire field during the half-mile race. Although he is listed in the Middletown town directory in 1896, it is not known how long he still resided there after he became a professional racer. He eventually settled in Worcester, Massachusetts (where the newspapers called him "The Worcester Whirlwind"), marrying there and having a daughter, although his career required him to spend a large amount of time traveling, in America, Australia, and Europe.Life is too short for any man
to hold bitterness in his heart
—Marshall Taylor


Although he was greatly celebrated abroad, particularly in France, Taylor's career was still held back by racism, particularly in the Southern states where he was not permitted to compete against Caucasians. The League of American Wheelmen for a time excluded blacks from membership. During his career he had ice water thrown at him during races and nails scattered in front of his wheels, and was often boxed in by other riders, preventing the sprints to the front of the pack at which he was so successful. In his autobiography, he reports actually being tackled on the race track by another rider, who choked him into unconsciousness but received only a $50 fine as punishment. Nevertheless, he does not dwell on such events in the book; rather it is evident that he means it to serve as an inspiration to other African-Americans trying to overcome similar treatment. Taylor retired at age 32 in 1910, saying he was tired of the racism. His advice to African-American youths wishing to emulate him was that while bicycle racing was the appropriate route to success for him, he would not recommend it in general; and that individuals must find their own best talent.

Later life and death

Taylor married Daisy V. Morris in Ansonia, Connecticut on March 21, 1902. While Taylor was reported to have earned between $25,000 and $30,000 a week when he returned to Worcester at the end of his career, by the time of his death he had lost everything to bad investments (including self-publishing his autobiography), persistent illness, and the stock market crash. His marriage over, he died at age 53 on June 21, 1932 — a pauper in Chicago's Bronzeville neighborhood, in the charity ward of Cook County Hospitalo — to be buried in an unmarked grave. He was survived by one daughter.

In 1948 a group of former pro bike racers, with money donated by Schwinn Bicycle Co. (then) owner Frank W. Schwinn, organized the exhumation and relocation of Taylor's remains to a more prominent part of Mount Glenwood Cemetery in Glenwood, Illinois, near Chicago. A monument to his memory stands in Worcester, and Indianapolis named the city's bicycle track after Taylor.

Taylor's great-grandaughter Karen Brown-Donovan lives in California
 
Oliver Nelson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Oliver Nelson (June 4, 1932 -- October 28, 1975) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinettist, and composer.Contents
[hide]
1 Early life and career
2 Breakthrough and afterwards
3 Discography
4 Sources and external links

[edit] Early life and career
Nelson was born on 4 June 1932 in St. Louis, Missouri. His family was musical: his brother was a saxophonist who played with Cootie Williams in the 1940s, and his sister sang and played piano. Nelson began learning to play the piano when he was six, and started on the saxophone at eleven. From 1947 he played in "territory" bands around Saint Louis, before joining the Louis Jordan big band from 1950 to 1951, playing alto sax and arranging. After military service in the Marines, he returned to Missouri to study music – composition and theory – at Washington and Lincoln Universities, graduating in 1958.
After graduation, Nelson moved to New York, playing with Erskine Hawkins and Wild Bill Davis, and working as the house arranger for the Apollo Theater in Harlem. He also played on the West Coast briefly with the Louie Bellson band in 1959, and in the same year began recording as leader with small groups. From 1960 to 1961 he played tenor sax with Quincy Jones, both in the U.S. and on tour in Europe.
[edit] Breakthrough and afterwards
After six albums as leader between 1959 and 1961 (including such musicians as Kenny Dorham, Johnny Hammond Smith, Eric Dolphy, Roy Haynes, King Curtis, and Jimmy Forrest), Nelson's big breakthrough came with The Blues and the Abstract Truth containing the well-known standard "Stolen Moments". This made his name as a composer as well as a musician, and he went on to record a number of big-band albums, as well as working as an arranger for Cannonball Adderley, Sonny Rollins, Eddie Davis, Johnny Hodges, Wes Montgomery, Buddy Rich, Jimmy Smith, Billy Taylor, Stanley Turrentine, and many more. He also led all-star big band in various live performances between 1966 and 1975.
In 1967, Nelson moved to Los Angeles. Apart from his big-band appearances (in Berlin, Montreux, New York, and Los Angeles), he toured West Africa with a small group. He also spent a great deal of time composing music for television and films (including Death of a Gunfighter, Ironside, Night Gallery, Columbo, The Six Million Dollar Man, The Bionic Woman, and Longstreet), and producing and arranging for pop stars such as Nancy Wilson, James Brown, the Temptations, and Diana Ross. His commercial writing didn't push out his jazz composition and performing, but it came to take up a greater amount of his time. He died of a heart attack on 28 October 1975.


Composer - filmography
(1970s) (1960s)
"The Six Million Dollar Man" (4 episodes, 1974-1978)
- Date with Danger: Part 2 (1978) TV Episode (music theme)
- Just a Matter of Time (1978) TV Episode (theme music)
- Burning Bright (1974) TV Episode (music theme)
- The Last of the Fourth of Julys (1974) TV Episode (music theme)
The Secret of Bigfoot (1975) (TV) (theme)
... aka The Six Million Dollar Man: The Secret of Bigfoot (USA: complete title)
The Six Million Dollar Man: Solid Gold Kidnapping (1973) (TV)
... aka Solid Gold Kidnapping (USA: short title)
Money to Burn (1973) (TV)
The Alpha Caper (1973) (TV)
... aka Inside Job (UK: theatrical title)
"Chase" (1973) TV Series (unknown episodes)
Chase (1973) (TV)
I Love a Mystery (1973) (TV)
Columbo: Requiem for a Falling Star (1973) (TV) (uncredited)
Columbo: The Greenhouse Jungle (1972) (TV)
"Ironside" (18 episodes, 1971-1972)
... aka The Raymond Burr Show (USA: syndication title)
- A Man Named Arno (1972) TV Episode
- His Fiddlers Three (1972) TV Episode
- Achilles' Heel (1972) TV Episode
- Death by the Numbers (1972) TV Episode
- And Then There Was One (1972) TV Episode
(13 more)
"Night Gallery" (14 episodes, 1971-1972)
... aka Rod Serling's Night Gallery (USA)
- The Sins of the Fathers (1972) TV Episode
- You Can't Get Help Like That Anymore (1972) TV Episode
- Stop Killing Me (1972) TV Episode
- Green Fingers (1972) TV Episode
- Logoda's Heads (1971) TV Episode
(9 more)
"Longstreet" (1971) TV Series (unknown episodes)
Zigzag (1970)
... aka False Witness (UK)
... aka Zig Zag
... aka Zig-Zag
Dial Hot Line (1970) (TV)
Skullduggery (1970)

Death of a Gunfighter (1969)
Istanbul Express (1968) (TV)
"The Name of the Game" (1968) TV Series (unknown episodes)
"The Virginian" (1962) TV Series (unknown episodes)
... aka The Men from Shiloh (USA: new title)
 
percyjulian3.jpg

Percy Julian was born on April 11, 1899 in Birmingham, Alabama, one of six children. His father, a railroad mail clerk, and his mother, a school teacher stressed education to their children. This emphasis would ultimately prove successful as two sons went on to become physicians and three daughters would receive Masters degrees, but it was son Percy who would become the most successful of the children.
percyjulian1.jpg

Percy attended elementary school in Birmingham and moved on to Montgomery, Alabama where he attended high school at the State Normal School for Negroes. Upon graduation in 1916, Julian applied to and was accepted into DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana. At DePauw, he began as a probationary student, having to take higher level high school classes along with his freshman and sophomore course load. He proved himself well, going on to be named a member of the Sigma Xi honorary society as well as a Phi Beta Kappa member. Finally, upon graduation from DePauw in 1920, he was selected as the class valedictorian. Though at the top of his classed, he was discouraged from seeking admission into a graduate school because of potential racial sentiment on the part of future coworkers and employers. Instead, he took the advice of an advisor and took a position as a chemistry teacher at Fisk University, a Black college in Nashville, Tennessee.
After two years at Fisk, Julian was awarded the Austin Fellowship in Chemistry and moved to the distinguished Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Finally given an opportunity at graduate level work, Julian excelled. He achieved straight A's, finishing at the top of his class and receiving a Masters Degree in 1923. Even with this success, Julian was unable to obtain a position as a teaching assistant at any major universities because of the perception that White students would refuse to learn under a Black instructor. Thus, he moved on to a teaching position at West Virginia State College for Negroes, though he would not find happiness in this situation. He left West Virginia and served as an associate professor of chemistry at Howard University in Washington, D.C. for two years.


In 1929, Julian qualified for and received a Fellowship from the General Education Board and traveled to Vienna, Austria in pursuit of a Ph.D. degree. While in Vienna, Julian developed a fascination with the soybean and its interesting properties and capabilities. Focusing on organic chemistry, Julian received his Ph.D. in 1931 and returned to the United States and to for a while to Howard University as the head of the school's chemistry department. He soon left Howard and moved back to DePauw where he was appointed a teacher in organic chemistry. At DePauw, he worked with an associate of his from Vienna, Dr. Josef Pikl, on the synthesis of physostigmine, a drug which was used as a treatment for glaucoma. After much work and adversity, Julian was successful and became internationally hailed for his achievement. At this point the Dean of the University sought to appoint Julian to the position as Chair of the chemistry department but was talked out of it by others in the department, again because of concerns over reaction to his race.
In late 1935, Percy Julian decided to leave the world of academics and entered the corporate world by accepting a position with the Glidden Company as chief chemist and the Director of the Soya Product Division. This was a significant development as he was the first Black scientist hired for such a position and would pave the way for other Blacks in the future. The Glidden Company was a leading manufacturer of paint and varnish and was counting on Julian to develop compounds from soy-based products which could be used to make paints and other products. Julian did not disappoint, coming up with products such as aero-foam which worked as a flame retardant and was used by the United States Navy and saved the lives of countless sailors during World War II.
On December 24, 1935, Percy married Anna Johnson and the company settled into their comfortable life in Chicago. Percy continued his success as he next developed a way to inexpensively develop male and female hormones from soy beans. These hormones would help to prevent miscarriages in pregnant women and would be used to fight cancer and other ailments. He next set out to provide a synthetic version of cortisone, a product which greatly relieved the pain of suffered by sufferers of rheumatoid arthritis. The real cortisone was extremely expensive and only rich people could afford it. With Julians discovery of the soy-based substitute, millions of sufferers around the world found relief at a reasonable price. So significant was his work that in 1950 the City of Chicago named him Chicagoan of the Year. While the honor should have signaled Julian's acceptance by his white counterparts in his field and his community, but when he soon after purchased a home for his family in nearby Oak Park, the home was set afire by an arsonist on Thanksgiving day 1950. A year later, dynamite was thrown from a passing car and exploded outside the bedroom window of Percy's children. Despite the fact that many residents of the town relied upon his methods to relieve their pains of and provide for their safety, some still could not stand to have him as their neighbor simply because he was Black.
In 1954, Julian left the Glidden Company to establish Julian Laboratories which specialized in producing his synthetic cortisone. When he discovered that wild yams in Mexico were even more effective than Soya beans for some of his products, he opened the Laboratorios Julian de Mexico in Mexico City, Mexico which cultivated the yams and shipped them to Oak Park for refinement. In 1961 he sold the Oak Park plant to Smith, Kline and French, a giant pharmaceutical company and received a sum of 2.3 million dollars, a staggering amount for a Black man at that time.
After years of struggling for respect in his field and his community, Julian finally was recognized as a genius and a pioneer. He received countless award and honors including the prestigious Spingarn Medal from the NAACP and was asked to serve on numerous commissions and advisory boards.
Percy Julian died of liver cancer in 1975 and is known worldwide as a trailblazer, both in the world of chemistry and as an advocate for the plight of Black scientists.
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Colin Luther Powell was born on April 5, 1937[5] in Harlem, a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan in 1937 to Jamaican immigrant parents Luther Theophilus Powell and Maud Arial McKoy and was raised in the South Bronx. After a long and distinguished military career, he joined BGOL to enforce people not to read
ALL OF THIS FUCKIN BULLSHIT!!!
 
ColinPowelllg.gif

Colin Luther Powell was born on April 5, 1937[5] in Harlem, a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan in 1937 to Jamaican immigrant parents Luther Theophilus Powell and Maud Arial McKoy and was raised in the South Bronx. After a long and distinguished military career, he joined BGOL to enforce people not to read
ALL OF THIS FUCKIN BULLSHIT!!!

:roflmao: Don't read it Dawg... :roflmao3: :roflmao2: :roflmao2: :roflmao: :roflmao:
 
Eddie was the first musician to introduce electro Voice Creation for the Selmer Instrument Company.
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Eddie holds the U.S. patent for the reed trumpet.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MLxgcn4XBY

Eddie Harris, born October 20, 1934 in Chicago, Illinois began his career as a singer in various Baptist Churches in the Chicago area. Around the age of three, Eddie's cousin, Bernice Benson, who played piano at Eddie's mother's church, began teaching Eddie how to play piano. He played by ear. He continued to watch his cousin play the piano and tried to emulate her. After attending John Farren and Burke Elementary Schools and DuSable and Hyde Park High Schools, he continued his education at Illinois University, Roosevelt University, Navy Pier and the Paris Conservatory. Eddie began playing the vibraphone while attending DuSable High School under the guidance of a well-known and influential Black leader, Captain Walter Dyette. Captain Dyette was responsible for the development of the majority of Jazz musicians who came out of Chicago during the forties, fifties and early sixties.
Eddie had always wanted to play the saxophone simply because he admired its design and the way it looked. But in order to play saxophone for Captain Dyette, the aspiring musician had to plat the clarinet. He took private clarinet and saxophone lessons for many years. As his playing improved, Eddie began his saxophone career playing with all types of bands. Captain Dyette retired in his mid-sixties and passed away in his mid-seventies. In the late 50's Eddie was drafted into the Army. While in the Army, he took an audition test for the Army band which included reading music, ear training, written phrases and command of the chosen instrument, Eddie scored a 98 out of 100. This score was so high that he was recommended to join the symphony orchestra in Germany.

Eddie was posted to Germany because his orders were already processed. When he arrived overseas he found the Seventh Army Symphony Orchestra to be filled, so he was placed in the Army band in Fulda, Germany where he stayed for eight months. Shortly thereafter, he played with the symphony. A jazz band had been formed from this symphony that toured Germany, France and the rest of Europe when the entire symphony was idle. It wa this experience that honed Eddie's skills. Eddie toured Germany and France as a member of the Seventh Army Symphony Band where soon Eddie became internationally known. He also took classical saxophone lessons at the Paris Conservatory of Music before he returned to the United States.

Eddie met his wife, Sally in 1959. They were united in marriage on May 22, 1961. From this union came two daughters, Lolita and Yvonne. Eddie made his first recording with Vee-Jay Recording Co., in 1960. The jazz world felt the force of Eddie's impact in 1961, when one of the tunes was the first jazz single to sell one million copies. Eddie began recording with other record companies including Columbia, RCA and Atlantic Records. In the early to mid-sixties Eddie started playing the tenor saxophone with a trombone mouthpiece. A year later he began using a clarinet double barred joint in between the neck and instrument of the saxophone. He then began playing saxophone with a bassoon reed that had a shortened boccel inserted into the neck of the saxophone.

While recording with Atlantic Records, Eddie was the first musician to introduce electro Voice Creation for the Selmer Instrument Company. This electrical attachment for the saxophone is call ed the Varitone. Since then, he has played his electric saxophone on most of the tunes that he recorded for Atlantic Records. Some of his most popular albums include: Electrifying Eddie Harris, High Voltage, Silver Cycles, The In Sound, Come On Down, Swiss Movement and Free Speech. In the early 1970's, Eddie invented a reed mouthpiece for the trumpet, coronet and trombone and this mouthpiece often made the above instruments much easier to play. "I'm an experimentalist", Eddie told Down Beat magazine.."I like to get into new things to break new ground. My mind is always probing for different things and different sounds. I've never been one to let my mind stagnate.. If I didn't experiment with music, it would mean nothing to me." Of Eddie's hit single, Listen Here, the esteemed jazz critic Leonard Feather wrote; Eddie's electrified and electrifying sound can be credited more than any other single performance for establishing the amplified saxophone as a force to be reckoned with permanently in Jazz. Eddie's music talents paved the way for the jazz-rock fusion movement. A few years earlier, Eddie composed and recorded, Freedom Jazz dance, which has now been recorded by no fewer than 50 artists and is a noted jazz standard. Feather wrote, this number indicates how far Eddie has plunged into an investigation of the newest developments in Jazz. Eddie's solo album release, Playing With Myself, features straight ahead style full of intensity, harmony and electricity. He plays all the instruments on the album including acoustic and electric saxophone, acoustic and electric piano and reed trumpet.
From 1956 through 1996m Eddie Harris appeared all over the United States, Switzerland, Holland, Germany, Austria, Sweden, France, England, Belgium, Iceland, Italy, Spain, Russia, other European countries, Honk Kong, Japan, Ghana and South Africa. Eddie made appearances on television and radio all over the world.

On the course of recording more than 70 records, Eddie has displayed his prowess as a pianist, vocalist and trumpeter and of course, a saxophonist, occasionally, moving into blues, soul and funk grooves. His musical collaborations have ranged from Jeff Beck to Les McCann, Steve Winwood and he courts Miles Davis, Clifford Brown, Milt Jackson, John Coltrane and Charlie Parker amongst his influences. Eddie's pioneering work in musical electronics and the effective conjunction of different elements of blues, rhythm and blues, jazz and funk has had a very marked and widespread influence in so much of what is generally considered, today's' music. Eddie's music has been sampled by over 30 artists including Macy Grey, Jamiroquoi, DJ Jazzy, Jeff and the Fresh Prince, Heavy D and the Boyz and Da Youngsta's. Eddie holds the U.S. patent for the reed trumpet. He is the inventor of the Eddie Harris Attachment for the saxophone and the author of seven music books. Eddie was also a prophet, a teacher to many of us and a great father figure. One the eve of Eddie's passing, in November of 1996, the last words he stated to his daughters were: I have always loved my family.
 
John Ballard

A heightened profile for one of L.A.'s black pioneers

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Early settlers in the Agoura area named Negrohead Mountain after John Ballard, a former slave who moved there in the 1880s. Now L.A. County wants to put Ballard's actual name on the 2,031-foot peak.

By Bob Pool
February 24, 2009

Negrohead Mountain is an unlikely memorial to a former slave who made a name for himself at the western end of Los Angeles County.

More than 120 years ago, pioneers in the Santa Monica Mountains named the peak for John Ballard, the first black man to settle in the hills above Malibu.


Today, authorities will take the first step toward what they consider a more fitting tribute by renaming the 2,031-foot volcanic peak Ballard Mountain.

The name now used by the U.S. Geological Survey is a refinement of the slur then used by pioneers when referring to Ballard -- a well-known blacksmith and teamster who put down roots on 320 acres near what is now the community of Seminole Hot Springs.

Ballard was a former Kentucky slave who had won his freedom and come to Los Angeles in 1859. In the sleepy, emerging city, he had a successful delivery service and quickly became a landowner. Soon he was active in civic affairs: He was a founder of the city's first African Methodist Episcopal Church.


The arrival of the railroad triggered a land boom in Los Angeles in the 1880s, boosting property values and bringing the city its first sense of class structure and the beginnings of segregation.

Ballard packed up his family and moved about 50 miles west to the snug valley in the middle of the Santa Monica range. He settled first on 160 acres -- space that eventually doubled in size when one of his seven children, daughter Alice, claimed an adjoining plot.

Besides raising livestock and a few crops, Ballard collected firewood in the nearby mountains and sold it in Los Angeles.

He also worked at blacksmithing and other chores on the Russell Ranch, a sprawling cattle spread at what is now Westlake Village. He would travel by mule or buggy several miles through Triunfo Canyon to get there.

J.H. Russell, who had grown up on his family's ranch and as a boy rode his horse to Ballard's rickety cabin to mooch biscuits smothered with wild grapes preserved in honey by Ballard's wife, remembered the scene well in his 1963 book, "Heads and Tails . . . and Odds and Ends."

"The Ballard house was something to behold. It was built of willow poles, rocks, mud and Babcock Buggy signs ("Best on Earth"), Maier & Zobelein Lager Beer signs and any other kind of sign the old man picked up. Hardly a Sunday passed where there were not several buggies, spring wagons and loads of people going down the canyon to see the place," he wrote.

Ballard was powerfully built -- he could hoist 100-pound bags of barley with one hand -- and traveled in a wagon pulled by five mules and "sometimes a cow or horse hitched up with the five," Russell recounted.

Wealthy Malibu landowner Frederick Rindge also admired Ballard.

In his own book, "Happy Days in Southern California," published in 1898, Rindge recalled a conversation with Andrew Sublett, who told how would-be thieves tried to chase Ballard out.

"He brought to mind how his old colored neighbor across the range had been maltreated by the settlers on account of his color; how they set fire to his cabin, hoping thus to terrorize him and drive him from the country; how some thought that the real purpose was that some men with white faces and black hearts wanted to jump his claim after they got rid of him," Rindge wrote.

"But this was not the material the good old gentleman was constructed of, and as a shame to his tormentors, he put up a sign over the ruins of his cabin which read: 'This was the work of the devil.' "

Ballard died in 1905 at about age 75. His daughter Alice married and moved to Vernon in about 1910. But memories of the man and his family that gave the mountain its name have survived in Agoura.

Today, Kanan Road, a busy route between Malibu and the Agoura-Westlake Village area, bisects the mountain, with its northernmost tunnel actually crossing through part of it.

The effort to rename the peak was launched by two contemporary residents who live on either side of the peak's base.

Nick Noxon, a 72-year-old retired National Geographic TV producer, first learned of Ballard when he found a copy of Russell's book in the Agoura Public Library. He and his friend Paul Culberg, 66, a retired video executive, would eventually lobby county officials to initiate a formal name change.

Culberg recalled how longtime residents had mentioned Negrohead Mountain when he and his wife, Leah, moved to the area 34 years ago. Except back then, the old-timers were still using the slur instead of "negro." The slur appears on early government topographic maps of the Santa Monica Mountains.

When Noxon met Moorpark College history instructor Patty Colman at a National Park Service event and she revealed more of Ballard's L.A. history to him, he recruited her to the "Ballard Mountain" campaign.

"People of color found opportunity in early Los Angeles," said Colman, of Santa Clarita.

Others in Agoura said it's about time Ballard be honored in a more appropriate way.

"This area has a lot of history and we should preserve it as best we can," said Vern Savko, who with her husband, Ed, has owned and operated the landmark Mulholland Highway Rock Store near the mountain for 48 years.


Hank Koslov, a 78-year-old retired auto mechanic who was born in the area and still lives in Seminole Hot Springs, remembers hiking as a child and encountering the remains of John Ballard's home.

County Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky said officials will consider a resolution asking the U.S. Geological Survey to make the name change permanent. He said he had been unaware of Negrohead Mountain before Culberg and Noxon approached him.

He said the proposed action isn't a matter of being politically correct.

"I believe in not altering history, but in this case the way to honor him is to do it appropriately. The mountain wasn't named that because of its shape. It was named after him," Yaroslavsky said.

"I'm certain that some people back then thought they were honoring him by using that name, as strange as it seems."
 
Re: John Ballard

u know after dionne i was gonna come in here with the collin stuff, but my brother i read the other ones, this is a great post, i thought i knew alot of black history but u have enlightened me, propz my brethren 5 star, if its too long dont read it, but thats why u dont know urself lol i thought u were ms warwicks kinfolk at first
 
ColinPowelllg.gif

Colin Luther Powell was born on April 5, 1937[5] in Harlem, a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan in 1937 to Jamaican immigrant parents Luther Theophilus Powell and Maud Arial McKoy and was raised in the South Bronx. After a long and distinguished military career, he joined BGOL to enforce people not to read
ALL OF THIS FUCKIN BULLSHIT!!!



:roflmao::roflmao::roflmao::roflmao:
 
This was just a story that I received in a email....
LIFE WITHOUT BLACK PEOPLE

A very humorous and revealing story is told about a group of white people who were fed up with African Americans, so they joined together and wished themselves away. They passed through a deep dark tunnel and emerged in sort of a twilight zone where there is an America without black people.

At first these white people breathed a sigh of relief. At last, they said, No more crime, drugs, violence and welfare. All of the blacks have gone! Then suddenly, reality set in. The "NEW AMERICA" is not America at all-only a barren land.

1. There are very few crops that have flourished because the nation was built on a slave-supported system.

2. There are no cities with tall skyscrapers because Alexander Mils, a black man, invented the elevator, and without it, one finds great difficulty reaching higher floors.

3. There are few if any cars because Richard Spikes, a black man, invented the automatic gearshift, Joseph Gambol, also black, invented the Super Charge System for Internal Combustion Engines, and Garrett A. Morgan, a black man, invented the traffic signals.

4. Furthermore, one could not use the rapid transit system because its procurer was the electric trolley, which was invented by another black man, Albert R. Robinson.

5. Even if there were streets on which cars and a rapid transit system could operate, they were cluttered with paper because an African American, Charles Brooks, invented the street sweeper.

6. There were few if any newspapers, magazines and books because John Love invented the pencil sharpener, William Purveys invented the fountain pen, and Lee Barrage invented the Type Writing Machine and W. A. Love invented the Advanced Printing Press. They were all, you guessed it, Black.

7. Even if Americans could write their letters, articles and books, they would not have been transported by mail because William Barry invented the Postmarking and Canceling Machine, William Purveys invented the Hand Stamp and Philip Downing invented the Letter Drop.

8. The lawns were brown and wilted because Joseph Smith invented the Lawn Sprinkler and John Burr the Lawn Mower.

9. When they entered their homes, they found them to be poorly ventilated and poorly heated. You see, Frederick Jones invented the Air Conditioner and Alice Parker the Heating Furnace. Their homes were also dim. But of course, Lewis Lattimer Later invented the Electric Lamp, Michael Harvey invented the lantern and Granville T. Woods invented the Automatic Cut off Switch.

Their homes were also filthy because Thomas W. Steward invented the Mop & Lloyd P. Ray the Dust Pan.

10. Their children met them at the door-barefooted, shabby, motley and unkempt. But what could one expect? Jan E. Matzelinger invented the Shoe Lasting Machine, Walter Sammons invented the Comb, Sarah Boone invented the Ironing Board and George T. Samon invented the Clothes Dryer.

11. Finally, they were resigned to at least have dinner amidst all of this turmoil. But here again, the food had spoiled because another Black Man, John Standard invented the refrigerator.

Now, isn't that something?
What would this country be like without the contributions of Blacks, as African-Americans?

Martin Luther King, Jr. said, "by the time we leave for work, Americans have depended on the inventions from the minds of Blacks." Black history includes more than just slavery, Frederick Douglass, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, and Marcus Garvey & W.E.B. Dubois.
 
Re: John Ballard

A heightened profile for one of L.A.'s black pioneers

1180831.jpg
This is some very good shit I did not know! It has now gone around the World Dawg!
Cool! Thanks!:D
 
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